Albarka ta tabbata John Duns Scotus, Tsaran rana na 8 Nuwamba

Tsaran ranar 8 Nuwamba
(kusan 1266 - Nuwamba 8, 1308)

Labarin Albarka John Duns Scotus

Mutum mai tawali'u, John Duns Scotus ya kasance ɗayan mashahuran Franciscans tsawon ƙarnika. Haihuwar a Duns a cikin County na Berwick, Scotland, John ya fito ne daga wani dangin manoma masu arziki. A shekarun baya, an gano shi John Duns Scotus don nuna mahaifarsa; Scotia sunan Latin ne na Scotland.

John ya karɓi al'adar Friars Minor a Dumfries, inda kawunsa Elias Duns ya fi girma. Bayan aikinsa, John yayi karatu a Oxford da Paris kuma an naɗa shi firist a 1291. 1297arin karatu ya biyo baya a Paris har zuwa XNUMX, lokacin da ya koma lacca a Oxford da Cambridge. Shekaru huɗu bayan haka, ya koma Paris don koyarwa da kammala abubuwan da ake buƙata don digirin digirgir.

A lokacin da mutane da yawa suka ɗauki dukkanin tsarin tunani ba tare da cancanta ba, John ya jaddada wadatar al'adar Augustine-Franciscan, ya yaba da hikimar Thomas Aquinas, Aristotle da masana falsafa na Musulmi - kuma har yanzu sun sami nasarar zama mai tunani mai zaman kansa. An nuna wannan ingancin a cikin 1303, lokacin da Sarki Philip Fair ya yi ƙoƙari ya sanya Jami'ar Paris a gefensa a cikin takaddama tare da Paparoma Boniface VIII. John Duns Scotus bai yarda ba kuma aka bashi kwanaki uku ya bar Faransa.

A lokacin Scotus, wasu masana falsafa suna jayayya cewa mutane suna da asali ne ta hanyar ƙarfin waje don kansu. 'Yanci kyauta abu ne na ruɗi, suka yi jayayya. Wani mutum mai amfani, Scotus ya ce idan ya fara bugun wani wanda ya ƙi yarda da 'yancin zaɓe, nan da nan mutumin zai gaya masa ya daina. Amma idan Scotus ba da gaske yake da yanci ba, ta yaya zai daina? John yana da basira don neman zane-zane da ɗalibansa za su iya tunawa!

Bayan ɗan gajeren zama a Oxford, Scotus ya koma Paris, inda ya karɓi digirin digirgir a shekarar 1305. Ya ci gaba da koyarwa a can kuma a cikin 1307 da ƙwarewa ya kare acaacan cikin Maryama cewa jami'a ta karɓi matsayinsa bisa hukuma. A wannan shekarar ne babban hadimin ya sanya shi makarantar Franciscan ta Cologne inda John ya mutu a shekara ta 1308. An binne shi a cocin Franciscan kusa da sanannen cocin Cologne.

Dangane da aikin John Duns Scotus, Fafaroma Pius IX ya ba da ma'ana sosai game da ɗaukar ciki na Maryamu a cikin 1854. John Duns Scotus, "tlewararren Doctor", an buge shi a cikin 1993.

Tunani

Uba Charles Balic, OFM, babban mashahuri akan Scotus na karni na ashirin, ya rubuta: “theauna ce ta mamaye gaba dayan tauhidin Scotus. Alamar halayyar wannan soyayya shine cikakken yancinta. Yayinda soyayya ta zama cikakke kuma mai karfi, yanci yakan zama mai daukaka da mahimmaci duka a cikin Allah da kuma cikin mutum