Buddha: me yasa Buddha ke guji haɗuwa?

Ka'idar rashin alaƙa tana da mahimmanci don fahimta da aiwatar da addinin Buddha, amma kamar yawancin ra'ayoyin wannan falsafar addini, yana iya rikicewa har ma ya sanya sabon shiga.

Irin wannan halayen ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mutane, musamman a Yamma, lokacin da suka fara binciken Buddha. Idan wannan falsafar zata kasance game da farin ciki, suna tambaya, to me yasa aka dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin a ce rayuwa cike take da wahala (dukkha), cewa rashin alaƙa wata manufa ce kuma karɓar fanko (shunyata) mataki na fadakarwa?

Buddha da gaske falsafar farin ciki ce. Dalilin da yasa rikice rikice tsakanin sababbi shine gaskiyar cewa tunanin Buddha ya samo asali ne a yaren Sanskrit, kalmomin wanda ba koyaushe ake fassara su zuwa Turanci ba. Wani kuma shine gaskiyar cewa tsarin rayuwar mutanen yamma ya banbanta da na al'adun Gabas.

Abubuwan da za a iya tunawa: ƙa'idar rashin haɗa kai da Buddha
Gaskiya guda huɗu masu daraja sune kafuwar Buddha. Buddha ya fisshe su azaman hanyar zuwa nirvana, a matsayin madawwamin farin ciki.
Kodayake Maganganun Maɗaukaki sun tabbatar da cewa rayuwa tana wahala kuma abin haɗawa yana ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan wahala, waɗannan kalmomin ba amintattun fassarar kalmomin Sanskrit na asali ba ne.
Zai fi kyau a fassara kalmar dukkha da "rashin gamsuwa" maimakon wahala.
Babu ainihin fassarar kalmar upadana, ana kiran abin da aka makala. Tunanin ya jaddada cewa sha'awar haɗaka da abubuwa matsala ce, ba wai dole ne a bar duk abin da ake ƙauna ba.
Rage haske da jahilci da ke ciyar da buƙatun haɗin gwiwa na iya taimakawa ƙarshen wahala. Wannan an cika shi ta hanyar Noble Side Stight.
Don fahimtar manufar rashin alaƙa, kuna buƙatar fahimtar matsayinta a cikin tsarin tsarin Buddha na falsafa da ɗabi'a. Gaskiyar tushen asalin Buddha an san su da "gaskiya guda huɗu masu kyau".

Ka'idodin Buddha
Gaskiya ta farko mai daraja: rayuwa tana wahala

Buddha ya koyar da cewa rayuwa kamar yadda muka san ta a yau tana cike da wahala, fassarar Turanci mafi kusa da kalmar dukkha. Wannan kalma tana da ma'anoni da yawa, gami da "rashin gamsuwa", wanda wataƙila fassara ce da ta fi ta "wahala". Da a ce rayuwa ta wahala a ma'anar Buddha yana nufin cewa duk inda muka je, za mu bi ta ɗabi'ar jin cewa abubuwa ba su gamsuwa ba, gaba ɗaya daidai ne. Amincewa da wannan rashin jin daɗi shine abin da Buddha ke kira gaskiya mai daraja ta farko.

Koyaya, yana yiwuwa a san dalilin wannan wahala ko rashin gamsuwa kuma wannan ya samo tushe daga tushe guda uku. Da farko dai, ba mu da farin ciki saboda ba mu fahimci ainihin yanayin abubuwa ba. Wannan rikicewar (avidya) ana fassara shi da jahilci kuma mizaninsa halayen ne na cewa bamu da masaniyar rikicewar komai. Misali, yi tunanin cewa akwai "ni" ko "ni" wanda yake wanzu daban kuma ya bambanta da sauran sauran al'amuran. Wannan watakila shine babbar fahimta da Buddha ta gano kuma yana da alhakin dalilai biyu masu zuwa na wahala.

Gaskiya ta biyu mai daraja: anan ga dalilan wahalarmu
Halinmu game da wannan rashin fahimta game da rabuwa da mu a cikin duniya yana haifar da haɗe-haɗe / haɗuwa ko gaba / ƙiyayya. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa kalmar Sanskrit na farkon ra'ayi, upadana, ba shi da ainihin fassarar Turanci; ma'anarta a zahiri ita ce "mai cin wuta", kodayake ana fassara shi azaman "abin da aka makala". Hakanan, kalmar Sanskrit ta "ƙi / ƙi", devesha, ita ma ba ta da fassarar Turanci na zahiri. Tare, waɗannan matsaloli uku - rashin sani, haɗe-haɗe da haɗe-haɗe - an san su da Abubuwan Guda Uku kuma fitowar su ita ce Gaskiya Ta Biyu.

Gaskiya ta uku mai daraja: tana yiwuwa a kawo ƙarshen wahala
Buddha ya koyar da cewa yana yiwuwa ba zaku sha wahala ba. Wannan yana a zuciyar kyakkyawan kyakkyawan tsarin Buddha: amincewa da cewa dukkha za a iya tsayawa. Wannan an cika shi ta hanyar barranci da jahilci waɗanda ke ciyar da abin da aka makala / abin da aka makala da kuma ɓarnatarwa / ƙiyayya da ke sa rayuwa ta kasance mai wahala. Dakatar da wannan wahalar tana da suna sananne ga kusan kowa: nirvana.

Gaskiya ta huɗu mai daraja: wannan ita ce hanya don kawo ƙarshen wahala
A ƙarshe, Buddha ya koyar da wasu ka'idoji na aiki da hanyoyi don motsawa daga yanayin jahilci / haɗa / ƙi (dukkha) zuwa madawwamiyar farin ciki / gamsuwa (nirvana). Daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin akwai sanannen Hanyar Hanyar Jiki guda takwas, jerin shawarwarin rayuwa masu amfani da aka tsara don motsawa masu aikatawa a kan babbar hanyar Nirvana.

Ka'idojin rashin abin da aka makala
Rashin haɗa abin haƙiƙa magani ne ga matsalar abin da aka makala / haɗe-haɗe da aka bayyana a cikin gaskiyar Magana ta biyu. Idan abin da aka makala ko haɗewa yanayi ne wanda rayuwa ba ta gamsuwa, a fili yake cewa rashin haɗawa yanayi ne da ke kawo gamsuwa ga rayuwa, yanayin nirvana.

Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa, duk da haka, majalisar Buddhist ba game da hana mutane daga rayuwarku ko abubuwan da kuka aikata ba, a'a game da kawai fahimtar rashin haɗin abin da ke cikin asali. Wannan babban bambanci ne tsakanin falsafar Buddha da sauran su. Yayinda sauran addinai suke neman samun jihar alheri ta hanyar yin aiki tuƙuru da ƙin aiki, Buddhist ya koyar cewa muna farin ciki da gaske kuma wannan kawai shine ƙaddamar da barin al'adunmu mara kyau. da kuma tunaninmu domin mu iya fahimtar asalin Buddahood. a cikin dukkan mu.

Idan muka ƙi yarda da ƙyamar samun “son kai” wanda ya keɓance daban daban kuma daban da sauran mutane da abubuwan mamaki, kwatsam sai muka fahimci cewa ba lallai bane mu tsamo kanmu domin koyaushe muna da alaƙa da komai. lokacin.

Wani malamin Zen John John Daido Loori ya ce bai kamata a fahimci abin da ba a haɗa shi da haɗin kai ba ga dukkan abubuwa:

“Daga mahangar Buddha, rashin abin da aka makala shi ne daidai da rabuwa. Don samun abin da aka makala kana buƙatar abubuwa biyu: ɓangaren da kake haɗaka da wanda ke ɗaukar shi. - kai hari, a daya bangaren kuma, akwai hadin kai, akwai hadin kai saboda babu abin da za'a daure. Idan kun kasance da haɗin kai tare da duk sararin samaniya, babu wani abin da ke bayan ku don haka masaniyar abin da aka makala ya zama mara fahimta. Wanene zai mai da hankali akan menene? "
Rayuwa a cikin abin da ba abin da aka makala yana nufin cewa mun fahimci cewa babu abin da ya taɓa mai da hankali ko kuma manne wa da fari. Kuma ga wadanda za su iya gane hakan da gaske, farin ciki ne da gaske.