Me yasa Buddha ke guji haɗuwa?

Ka'idar da ba ta haɗa shi ba ita ce babbar hanyar fahimtar da aiwatar da addinin Buddha, amma kamar yadda yawancin ra'ayoyi ke cikin wannan falsafar addini, zai iya rikicewa har ma ya fid da sabon shiga.

Irin wannan halayen ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mutane, musamman a Yamma, lokacin da suka fara binciken Buddha. Idan wannan falsafar zata kasance game da farin ciki, sukanyi mamaki, me yasa aka ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin a ce rayuwa cike take da wahala (dukkha), cewa haɗin kai ba manufa bane kuma karɓar fanko (shunyata) mataki ne zuwa fadakarwa?

Buddha da gaske falsafar farin ciki ce. Dalilin da ya sa rikice-rikice tsakanin sababbi shi ne cewa tunanin Buddha ya samo asali ne daga yaren Sanskrit, kalmomin ba koyaushe ake fassara su zuwa Turanci ba. Wani kuma shine gaskiyar matsayin tsarin rayuwar mutanen yamma ya sha bamban sosai da na al'adun Gabas.

Maɓallin kewayawa: ƙa'idar rashin haɗin kai a cikin Buddha
Gaskiya guda huɗu masu daraja sune kafuwar Buddha. Buddha ya fisshe su azaman hanyar zuwa nirvana, madawwamin farin ciki.
Kodayake Maganganun Noble suna da'awar cewa rayuwa tana wahala kuma abin da aka makala yana ɗaya daga cikin sanadin wannan wahala, waɗannan kalmomin ba cikakkun fassarar kalmomin asalin Sanskrit bane.
Zai fi kyau a fassara kalmar dukkha a matsayin "rashin gamsuwa" maimakon wahala.
Babu ainihin fassarar kalmar upadana, wanda ake kira abin da aka makala. Tunanin ya jaddada cewa sha'awar haɗaka da abubuwa matsala ce, ba wai dole ne a bar duk abin da ake ƙauna ba.
Rage haske da jahilci da ke ciyar da buƙatun haɗin gwiwa na iya taimakawa ƙarshen wahala. Anyi wannan ta hanyar Hanyar Hanya Takwas.
Don fahimtar manufar rashin alaƙa, kuna buƙatar fahimtar matsayinta tsakanin babban tsarin falsafar Buddha da aiwatarwa. Gaskiyar tushen asalin Buddha an san su da Gaskiya Guda Huɗu.

Ka'idodin Buddha
Gaskiya ta farko mai daraja: rayuwa tana "wahala"

Buddha ya koyar da cewa rayuwa kamar yadda muka san ta a yau tana cike da wahala, fassarar Turanci mafi kusa da kalmar dukkha. Wannan kalmar tana da ma'anar da yawa, gami da "rashin gamsuwa", wanda wataƙila ma fassara ce mafi kyau don "wahala". Cewa rayuwa tana wahala a ma'anar Buddha yana nufin cewa duk inda mukaje, muna biye da wani tunani mara kyau na cewa abubuwa ba su gamsuwa ba, gaba ɗaya ba daidai bane. Amincewa da wannan rashin jin daɗi shine abin da Buddha ke kira gaskiya mai daraja ta farko.

Yana yiwuwa a san dalilin wannan wahalar ko rashin gamsuwa, amma, ya fito ne daga tushe uku. Da farko dai, ba mu gamsu ba saboda ba mu fahimci ainihin yanayin abubuwa. Wannan rikicewar (avidya) mafi yawanci ana fassara shi azaman jahilci ne, kuma babban fasalinsa shine bamu san ma'amala da komai game da komai ba. Misali, yi tunanin cewa akwai "Ni" ko "I" wanda ya wanzu daban-daban kuma ya bambanta da sauran sauran al'amuran. Wataƙila kuskuren fahimta shine asalin Buddha, kuma yana da alhakin dalilai biyu masu zuwa na wahala.

Gaskiya ta biyu mai daraja: anan ga dalilan wahalarmu
Halinmu game da wannan rashin fahimta game da rabuwa da mu a cikin duniya yana haifar da haɗe-haɗe / haɗuwa ko gaba / ƙiyayya. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa kalmar Sanskrit don ma'anar farko, upadana, ba shi da ainihin fassarar Turanci; ma'anarta a zahiri ita ce "mai cin wuta", kodayake ana juya shi zuwa ma'anar "abin da aka makala". Hakanan, kalmar Sanskrit ta ƙi / ƙi, devesha, ita ma ba ta da fassarar Turanci na zahiri. Tare, waɗannan matsaloli uku - rashin sani, haɗe-haɗe da haɗe-haɗe - an san su da Abubuwan Guda Uku kuma ƙimar su ya zama gaskiyar Magana ta biyu.

Gaskiya ta uku mai daraja: tana yiwuwa a kawo ƙarshen wahala
Buddha ya koyar da cewa yana yiwuwa ba zaku sha wahala ba. Wannan yana daga tushe don kyakkyawan farin ciki na Buddha: amincewa da cewa dakatar da dukkha mai yiwuwa ne. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar daina ruɗani da jahilci waɗanda ke ciyar da abin da aka makala / haɗuwa da gaba / ƙiyayya da ke sa rayuwa ta kasance mai gamsarwa. Essare wannan wahalar yana da suna wanda kusan kowa ya san shi: nirvana.

Gaskiya ta huɗu mai daraja: wannan ita ce hanya don kawo ƙarshen wahala
A ƙarshe, Buddha ya koyar da wasu ka'idoji masu amfani da hanyoyi don motsawa daga yanayin jahilci / haɗe / kiyayya (dukkha) zuwa madawwamiyar farin ciki / gamsuwa (nirvana). Daga cikin hanyoyin akwai sanannen Hanyar Hanyar Faɗakarwa, jerin shawarwari masu amfani don rayuwa, waɗanda aka tsara don motsawa da masu bin hanyar zuwa nirvana.

Ka'idojin rashin abin da aka makala
Babu abin da aka makala, saboda haka, hakika maganin rigakafi ne ga matsalar abin da aka makala / haɗe da aka bayyana a cikin Gaskiya ta Noble ta Biyu. Idan abin da aka makala / abin da aka makala yanayi ne na neman rayuwa da rashin gamsuwa, yana da ma'ana cewa rashin haɗa kai yanayi ne da ke kawo gamsuwa ga rayuwa, yanayin nirvana.

Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa, shawarar Buddha ba shine ta rabu da mutane a rayuwa ko gogewa ba, a'a kawai don fahimtar rashin haɗin da ke cikin asali. Wannan wani babban bambanci ne tsakanin Buddha da sauran falsafancin addini. Yayinda sauran addinai suke ƙoƙarin samun yanayi na alheri ta wurin aiki tuƙuru da kuma ƙin aiki, Buddhist ya koyar cewa muna da farin ciki a ciki kuma kawai shine mu daina da barin halayenmu marasa kyau da kuma tunaninmu domin mu iya samun masaniya. Buddahood wanda yake a cikin mu duka.

Idan muka ƙi yarda da ƙarancin samun "Ni" wanda ya bambanta daban-daban da sauran mutane da abubuwan mamaki, kwatsam sai muka fahimci cewa babu buƙatar kame kawunanmu, saboda koyaushe muna da alaƙa da komai a koyaushe.

Wani malamin Zen John John Daido Loori ya ce bai kamata a fahimci abin da ba a haɗa shi da haɗin kai ba ga dukkan abubuwa:

“[A] bisa ga ra'ayin Buddha, rashin abin da aka makala daidai yake da rabuwa. Don samun abin da aka makala kana buƙatar abubuwa biyu: abin da kake haɗuwa da shi da kuma mutumin da ke kai harin. A cikin rashin abin da aka makala a daya bangaren, akwai haɗin kai. Akwai hadin kai saboda babu abin da za'a iya hadawa da su. Idan kun hada kai da duniyar gaba daya, babu wani abin da yake bayanku, saboda haka masaniyar abin da aka makala ta zama mara fahimta. Wanene zai tsaya ga menene? "
Rayuwa a cikin abin da ba abin da aka makala yana nufin cewa mun fahimci cewa babu abin da za a haɗa ko manne wa da fari. Kuma ga wadanda za su iya gane hakan da gaske, farin ciki ne da gaske.