He aha ka manaʻo o nā Buddhist e ka "mālamalama"?

Ua lohe ka poʻe he nui ua hoʻomālamalama ʻia ka Buddha a ʻimi nā Buddhist i ka mālamalama. Akā he aha ke ʻano? ʻO "Enlightenment" kahi huaʻōlelo Pelekania i hiki ke manaʻo ʻia i kekahi mau mea. I ke Komohana, ʻo ka Age of Enlightenment kahi neʻe akeakamai o 17th a me 18th i hāpai i ka ʻepekema a me ke kumu e pili ana i ka moemoeā a me ka haipule, no laila i ka moʻomeheu Komohana, pili pinepine ka mālamalama me ka ʻike a me ka ʻike. Akā ʻo ka hoʻomālamalama Buddhist kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke kukui a me Satori
I mea e hoʻohui ai i ka huikau, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka "mālamalama" ma ke ʻano he unuhi no kekahi mau huaʻōlelo Āsia i kūlike ʻole i ka mea like. ʻO kahi laʻana, he mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua hoʻolauna ʻia nā Buddhist Pelekane i ka Buddhism ma o ke kākau ʻana a DT Suzuki (1870-1966), kahi haumāna Kepanī i noho ma ke ʻano he mōneka Zen Rinzai. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Suzuki i ka "mālamalama" e unuhi i ka huaʻōlelo Kepani satori, i loaʻa mai ka huaʻōlelo satoru, "e ʻike".

ʻAʻole no ka pono ʻole kēia unuhi. Akā i ka hoʻohana ʻana, pili pinepine ka satori i kahi ʻike o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano maoli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka ʻike o ka wehe ʻana i ka puka, akā ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ka puka e hōʻike mau ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ka mea o loko o ka puka. Ma kahi ʻāpana mahalo i ka mana o Suzuki, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻuhane ma ke ʻano he hanana hikiwawe, hauʻoli a hoʻololi hoʻi i ka moʻomeheu Komohana. Eia naʻe, kuhi hewa kēia.

ʻOiai ʻo Suzuki a me kekahi o nā kumu Zen mua ma ke Komohana i wehewehe i ka mālamalama ma ke ʻano he ʻike i hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mau manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kumu Zen a me nā ʻatikala Zen e haʻi iā ʻoe ʻaʻole ka ʻike ka malamalama akā hoʻokahi. kūlana paʻa: hele maoli i ka puka. ʻAʻole ʻo satori ka mālamalama ponoʻī. I kēia, kūlike ʻo Zen me ka nānā ʻana o ka mālamalama i nā lālā ʻē aʻe o Buddhism.

ʻO ka mālamalama a me Bodhi (Theravada)
ʻO Bodhi, kahi Sanskrit a me Pali huaʻōlelo ʻo "awakening", unuhi pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he "mālamalama".

I ka Theravada Buddhism, pili pū ka bodhi me ka maikaʻi o ka intuition o nā ʻehā Noble Truths, nāna i hoʻopau i ka dukkha (ka ʻeha, ke kaumaha, ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole). ʻO ke kanaka nāna i hoʻopau i kēia ʻike a haʻalele i nā haumia āpau he arhat, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ke kaapuni o samsara a i ʻole hānau hou ʻole. ʻOiai e ola ana, komo ʻo ia i kahi ʻano nirvana kūlana a, i ka make ʻana, ʻoliʻoli i ka maluhia o ka nirvana piha a pakele i ke kaapuni o ka hānau hou ʻana.

Ma ka Atthinukhopariyaayo Sutta o ka Pali Tipitaka (Samyutta Nikaya 35,152), ua ʻōlelo ʻo Buddha:

"No laila, e nā mōneka, ʻo kēia ka paepae e like me ka mōneka, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻole, a me ka hoʻohoka ʻole, a me ka ʻole o ka hilahila, a me ke kuhihewa ʻole, me ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo. o ka mālamalama: 'Ua luku ʻia ka hānau ʻana, ua hoʻokō ʻia ke ola hemolele, ka mea i pono e hana ʻia ai, ʻaʻohe ola i kēia ao. "
Malamalama a me Bodhi (Mahayana)
I ka Buddhist Mahayana, pili ka bodhi me ka hemolele o ke akamai, a sunyata paha. ʻO kēia ke aʻo ʻana i nā hanana āpau āpau me ka ʻole o ke kumu ponoʻī.

ʻIke ka hapa nui o mākou i nā mea a me nā mea a puni mākou e like me ke ʻano ʻokoʻa a paʻa hoʻi. Akā he wānana kēia hihi. Ma kahi o, ka honua phenomenal kahi nexus hoʻololi mau o nā kumu a me nā kūlana a i ʻole ke kumu hilinaʻi. ʻO nā mea a me nā mea ola, ʻaʻohe o ke kumu ponoʻī, ʻaʻole maoli a ʻaʻole maoli: ʻo ke aʻo a nā ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻelua. Hoʻolālā ka ʻike hohonu o ka sunyata i nā kaulahao o ka hoʻopaʻa pilikino ʻana i mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai iā mākou. ʻO ke ala ʻelua o ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kekahi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hāʻawi ai i kahi ʻike paʻa ʻole mau kahi e pili ai nā mea āpau.

Ma Mahayana Buddhism, ʻo ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo ia o ka bodhisattva, ka mea i hoʻomālamalama i ka mea i koe i ka honua phenomenal e lawe i nā mea āpau i ka mālamalama. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka bodhisattva ma mua o altruism; hōʻike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe o mākou ʻokoʻa. "Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pākahi" kahi oxymoron.

ʻO ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana ma Vajrayana
ʻO kahi lālā o Mahayana Buddhism, nā Kula Tantric o Vajrayana Buddhism, manaʻoʻiʻo hiki i ka mālamalama ke hele mai i ka manawa hoʻokahi i kahi manawa hoʻololi. Hele pū kēia me ka manaʻo i ka Vajrayana ʻo nā kuko a me nā keakea like ʻole o ke ola, ma mua o ke keʻakeʻa ʻana, hiki ke lilo i wahie no ka hoʻololi i loko o ka mālamalama e hiki ke hana i hoʻokahi manawa, a i ʻole ma kēia ola. ʻO ke kī i kēia hana ka manaʻoʻiʻo i ke ʻano maoli o ka Buddha, ke ʻano piha o ko mākou ʻano i loko e kali wale nei no mākou e ʻike. ʻAʻole like kēia manaʻoʻiʻo i ka hiki ke kiʻi koke i ka mālamalama me ka hanana Sartori. No nā Buddhist Vajrayana, ʻaʻole ka mālamalama i ka nānā ma ka puka akā he mokuʻāina paʻa.

ʻO ka mālamalama a me Buddha-kūlohelohe
Wahi a ka moʻolelo, i ka manawa a Buddha i hoʻomaopopo ai i ka mālamalama, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i kekahi mea me ka hopena o “ʻAʻole ia he mea kupaianaha! Ua mālamalama nā kānaka āpau! " ʻO kēia mokuʻāina ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo Buddha Nature, ka mea i hoʻokumu i kahi ʻāpana o ka hana Buddhist i kekahi mau kula. I ka Buddhist Mahayana, ʻo Buddha natura ka Buddhahood kūlohelohe o nā mea āpau. ʻOiai ʻo Buddhas nā kānaka āpau, ʻaʻole ka hana e hoʻokō i ka mālamalama akā e ʻike ia.

ʻO ka haku Kina Huineng (638-713), ke ono o ka makua kāne o Chʻan (Zen), i hoʻohālikelike iā Buddhahood i kahi mahina i uhi ʻia e nā ao. Hōʻike nā ao i ka naʻaupō a me nā haumia. Ke hāʻule kēia mau mea, hōʻike ʻia ka mahina.

ʻIke ʻike ʻike
Pehea e pili ana i kēlā mau hanana hikiwawe, hauʻoli a hoʻololi? Ua loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kēia mau manawa a manaʻo ʻoe aia ʻoe i kahi mea hohonu i ka ʻuhane. ʻO ia ʻano ʻike, ʻoiai ʻoluʻolu a hele pū kekahi me ka intuition maoli i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻomālamalama iā ia iho. No ka hapanui o nā mea hana, kahi ʻike ʻuhane hauʻoli ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ke Ala ʻEwalu e loaʻa ai ka mālamalama ʻaʻole hiki ke loli. ʻO ka ʻimi no nā mokuʻāina hauʻoli hiki iā ia iho ke lilo i ʻano o ka makemake a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, a ʻo ke ala i ka mālamalama ke hāʻawi ʻia e ka paʻa ʻana a me ka makemake.

Ua ʻōlelo ke kumu Zen ʻo Barry Magid no Master Hakuin, ma "ʻAʻohe mea huna":

"ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa post-satori no Hakuin ka mea i haʻalele i ka hopohopo e pili ana i kāna kūlana pilikino ponoʻī a me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana iā ia iho a me kāna hana e kōkua a aʻo aku ai i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hopena, ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka mālamalama maoli he mea ia o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa palena ʻole a me ka hana aloha, ʻaʻole kahi mea i hoʻokahi manawa a no nā mea āpau i kahi manawa nui ma ka uluna. "
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Master a me ka mōneka ʻo Shunryu Suzuki (1904-1971) e pili ana i ka mālamalama:

“He ʻano pohihihi ia no ka poʻe ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻike malamalama, he mea kupaianaha ka mālamalama. Akā inā lākou e kiʻi aku, he mea ʻole ia. Akā he mea ʻole ia. Maopopo anei iā 'oe? No kahi makuahine me nā keiki, ʻaʻohe mea nui ka hānau keiki. ʻO zazen kēia. No laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻomau i kēia hana, e loaʻa hou ana iā ʻoe kekahi mea hou aku - ʻaʻohe mea kūikawā, akā naʻe kekahi mea. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo "kūlohelohe" a i ʻole "Buddha natura" a i ʻole "mālamalama". Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea iā ia i nā inoa he nui, akā i ka mea nona ia, he mea ʻole a he mea ia “.
Hōʻike ka moolelo ʻelua a me nā hōʻike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hiki i nā loea mākaukau a me nā mea mālamalama ke hiki i kahi mana kūʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka mana, ka noʻonoʻo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia mau mākaukau i ka hōʻike o ka mālamalama, a ʻaʻole nō hoʻi i kekahi ala e pono ai ia. Hoʻomaopopo hou ʻia mākou ʻaʻole e alualu i kēia mau hiki noʻonoʻo i ka makaʻu o ke kuhi hewa ʻana i ka manamana lima e kuhikuhi ana i ka mahina no ka mahina ponoʻī.

Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo inā hoʻomālamalama ʻoe, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole maopopo. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hoʻāʻo ai i kāu intuition e hōʻike iā ia i kahi kumu dharma. Mai hoʻonāwaliwali inā hāʻule kāu hopena ma lalo o ka nānā a ke kumu. Hoʻomaka ka hewa a me nā hemahema he ʻāpana kūpono o ke ala, a inā a hiki i ka mālamalama, e kūkulu ʻia ia ma ke kahua paʻa a ʻaʻohe ou hemahema.