Ua wehe ka Vatican i nā waihona hale o Pope Pius XII o ke Kaua Honua II

Ma hope o nā lono o ke kaomi ʻana mai nā mea mōʻaukala a me nā hui Iudaio, ua komo ka Vatican ma ka Lāpule e hiki ai i nā poʻe loea i komo i nā waihona o Papa Pius XII, ka mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa o ka Honua Mua.

Ua hoʻomau mau nā luna o ka Ekalesia Katolika Roma nona nā hana a Pius i nā mea a pau e hiki ai ke hoʻopakele i nā ola Iudaio. Akā ua noho kū mālie ʻo ia ma ke ākea ʻo ka 6 miliona mau mea i make i ka Holocaust.

Ma mua o 150 mau mea loea e noi ana e noiʻi i nā palapala e pili ana i kāna mau puke, ka mea i kaʻi ʻia mai 1939 a 1958. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ke kali nei ka Vatican ma kahi o 70 mau makahiki ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kahi pana e wehe ai i kāna mau waihona i nā haumāna.

Ma ke kamaʻilio kūkākūkā me nā nūpepa i ka lā 20 Pepeluali, ʻānō nui ka hale waihona puke o ka Vatican, ʻo Cardinal José Tolentino Calaça de Mendonça, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea noiʻi a pau, ʻaʻohe pili o nā lāhui, ka manaʻo a me nā manaʻo.

"ʻAʻole hopohopo ka halepule i ka mōʻaukala," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo a Pope Francis i kona haʻi ʻana i kona manaʻo e wehe i nā hale waihona o Pius XII i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala.

Ua hoʻomau mau aku nā luna o ka Ekalesia Katolika Roma iā Pope Pius XII, i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi kiʻi pono ʻole, ua hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai ke hoʻopakele i nā ola Iudaio. Akā ua noho kū mālie ʻo ia ma ke ākea ʻo ka 6 miliona mau mea i make i ka Holocaust.

Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi nā hui Iudaio i ka wehe ʻana o ka waihona pūnaewele. "Ma ka kono ʻana i nā mea kākau moʻolelo a me nā loea e komo i ka lehulehu i nā waihona o nā Kaua Honua II ma Vatican, hōʻike ʻo Pope Francis i kahi kūʻokoʻa e aʻo a hoʻolaha i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka Holocaust," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia. Ua loaʻa i kahi pelekikena nui o ka World Jewish Congress Congress Ronald S. Lauder.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Johan Ickx, kahi archivist Vatican, wahi a nā loea e loaʻa maʻalahi i nā faila.

"Ua hala i kēia manawa 1 miliona 300.000 mau palapala i heluʻelemakule a hoʻopili ʻia me kahi paipai no ia mea, e kōkua i ka poʻe noiʻi e holo wikiwiki," wahi a ia.

Ua kali lōʻihi nā mea noiʻi nei. ʻO kahi mea kūmole Kelemania mai 1963, ʻo Rolf Hochhuth mākaʻi i hāpai i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka hana a Pio, a ua hoʻopiʻi iā ia i nā kūlohelohe paʻakikī i ka Holocaust. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka Vatican e hoʻonā iā ia, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ia e nā hoʻomanaʻo mau iā Roma i kāna ʻano e nānā ana i nā Iudaio o ke kūlanakauhale i ka manawa o ko Nazi noho ʻana.

He pākana ma ka paia ma waho o kahi kula koa i Roma e hoʻomanaʻo i ka hōʻiliʻili o 1.259 Iudaio. Heluhelu ia: "Ma Okakopa 16, 1943 ua lūlū ʻia nā ʻohana Roma hemo mai kā lākou mau home e ka Nazis i lawe ʻia ma ʻaneʻi a laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku i kahi hoʻomoana. Ma mua o 1.000 mau kānaka, 16 wale nō i pakele ai. "

He pākia ma Roma e hoʻomanaʻo nei i ka ʻohi a hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā ʻohana Iudaio e nā Nazis i luku ʻia i nā kahua hoʻomoana i ka lā 16 o ʻOkakopa, 1943. "A ʻoi aku o 1000 mau kānaka, he 16 wale nō ke ola," wahi a ka palaka.
ʻO Sylvia Poggioli / NPR
ʻO 800 ka wahi i ka palena o St. Peter's - "ma lalo o nā puka aniani me ka pope", e like me ka hōʻike ʻia e Ernst von Weizsacker, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka ʻelele Kelemania i ka Vatican, e pili ana iā Hitler.

Ua kākau nui ʻo David Kertzer o ke Kulanui o Brown ma nā pope a me nā Iudaio. Ua lanakila ʻo ia no ka Pulitzer Prize 2015 no kāna puke Il Papa e Mussolini: ka moʻolelo pilikino o Pius XI a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka makaʻu i loko o ʻEulopa, ma ka mea mua o Pius XII, a ua mālama ʻo ia i kahi pākaukau ma nā hale waihona o Vatican no nā mahina ʻehā e hiki mai ana.

Wahi a Kertzer, ua ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i ka mea a Pius XII i hana. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻike nui e pili ana i nā kūkā kūloko ʻana i ka wā o ke kaua kaua ma ka Vatican.

"Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole i lawe i ka [Pius XII] i kekahi hana i ka lehulehu." “ʻAʻole ʻo ia i kūʻē no Hitler. Akā ʻo wai i ka Vatican hiki ke koi iā ia e hana? ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke ʻōlelo aku i ka mālama? ʻO kēia kahi ʻano aʻu e manaʻo ai e ʻike mākou a ʻike paha e ʻike ʻia. "

E like me nā mea mōʻaukala he nui o ka hale pule, ʻo Massimo Faggioli, ka mea e aʻo aʻo i ke Kulanui o Villanova, he mea hopohopo pū nō hoʻi ia no ka hana o Pio ma hope o ke Kaua Honua Honua, i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo. Ma keʻano kūikawā, ua kahaha ʻo ia, ua hui pū anei nā luna Vatican i ke koho balota i ka makahiki 1948, i ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka lanakila i ka poʻe Komunist Party?

Kakau ʻia ka hana lima a Pope Pius XII ma ka papa o kāna haʻi i ka makahiki 1944, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka huina alakaʻi no ka media o ka hale waihona puke o Vatican ma Pope Pius XII i ka lā 27 Pepeluali.

"Makemake wau e ʻike i ke ʻano o ke kamaʻilio ma waena o ka Secretariat of State [Vatican] a me ka CIA," i'ōlelo ai ʻo ia. "Ua kūʻiʻo ʻo Piʻi Pius e pono ʻo ia e pale i kekahi manaʻo o ka moʻomeheu Karistiano ma ʻEulopa mai ka komunism".

Ua maopopo ʻo Kertzer, ua weliweli ka Ekalesia Katolika e ka Holocaust. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa kekahi mau tausani he mau kahu hona ma loko o nā hale pule Katolika ma Italia. Akā ʻo ka mea e manaolana ai ʻo ia e hoʻomaopopo pono ʻia mai i ka waihona waihona o Pio ʻo ke kumu a ka ekalesia e hoʻokaumaha i ka daimonio o nā Iudaio.

"ʻO nā mea kūʻai nui o ka hōʻino i ka Iudaio no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ia ʻo ka mokuʻāina, ʻo ia ka halepule," wahi a ia. "Ke hoʻohālikelike nei ʻo ia i nā Iudaio a hiki i ka makahiki 30 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Holocaust, inā ʻaʻole ma loko, me ka hoʻohui ʻana e pili ana i ka Vatican."

ʻO kēia, wahi a Kertzer, ʻo ia ka mea a ka Vatican e pili ai.