Nirvana a me ka manaʻo o ke kūʻokoʻa i ka Buddhism

Ua pālahalaha loa ka ʻōlelo nirvana no nā mea ʻōlelo Pelekane e nalowale maoli ana kona ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ua hāpai ʻia ka ʻōlelo ma ke ʻano he "bliss" a "he ʻoluʻolu". ʻO Nirvana kekahi inoa o kahi hui grunge American kaulana, a me ka nui o nā huahana huahana, mai ka wai i loko o ka wai me ka mea ʻala. Aka, oaaha? A pehea e kūpono ai i ka Buda?

ʻO ke ʻano o Nirvana
I loko o ka wehewehe ʻuhane, ʻo nirvana (a nibbana ma pali) he huaʻōlelo Sanskrit kahiko e pili ana i kekahi mea e like me "extinguishing", me ka hoʻohui o ka hoʻopau ʻana i kahi lapalapa. ʻO kēia kaila maoli loa i alakaʻi ai i nā poʻe he nui o Westerners e manaʻo i ka pahuhopu o Buddhism ke kāpae iā ia iho. Akā ʻaʻole kēlā ka Buddhism a nirvana paha. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kūlana o samsara, ka ʻeha o ka dukkha; ʻO Samsara ka manaʻo maʻamau o ka hūnā o ka hānau, ka make a me ka hānau hou, ʻoiai ma ka Buddhist ʻaʻole ia i like kēia me ka hānau hou ʻana o nā ʻuhane kūwaho, e like me ka Hinduism, akā he hoʻohuli hou o nā tendrati karmic. I ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Nirvana ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai kēia pōkē a me ka dukkha, ke kaumaha / ʻeha / hōʻeha o ka ola.

I kāna mau puke mua ma hope o kona hoʻomālamalama ʻana, ua haʻi ʻo Buddha i nā ʻehā kūʻiʻo ʻoiʻehā. ʻO ka kumu, ʻo nā ʻoiaʻiʻo e wehewehe i ke kumu e hoʻopilikia ai ke ola iā mākou a hoʻohewa mai iā mākou. Ua hāʻawi mai ʻo Buddha iā mākou i ka hoʻonā a me ke ala o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ʻo ia ke Alakaʻi ʻEwalu.

No laila, ʻaʻole ʻo ka Buddhism kahi ʻōnaehana manaʻo nui e like me kahi hana e hiki ai iā mākou ke hōʻea i ke kaua ʻana.

ʻAʻole kahi wahi ʻo Nirvana
No laila, hoʻokahi hoʻokuʻuʻia, he aha ka mea e kū mai ana? Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā kula like ʻole o Buddhism i nā nirvana i kekahi mau ala, akā ʻae like ka ʻae o nā nirvana ʻaʻole ia kahi wahi. Ua like ia me kahi noho o ka nohona. Akā, ʻōlelo nō hoʻi ʻo Buddha, ʻo kekahi mea a mākou e ʻōlelo ai a noʻonoʻo paha paha e pili ana iā nirvana he hewa no ka meaʻokoʻa loa ia mai ko mākou mau mana maʻamau. ʻOi aku ʻo Nirvana ma waho o ka manawa, a me ka manawa a me ka wehewehe. Hiki ke loaʻa i kēia pilikia.

Nui nā palapala a me nā haʻi ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke komo ʻana iā nirvana, akā (ma ka ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi), ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo nirvana ma ke ʻano he komo i loko o kahi lumi a i ʻole ke ʻano a kākou e manaʻo ai e komo i ka lani. Wahi a Theravadin Thanissaro Bhikkhu:

"... ʻaʻole ʻo samsara ʻaʻole ʻo nirvana kahi wahi. ʻO Samsara kahi kahi e hana ai i nā wahi, a me nā honua āpau (kapa ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he) a laila e lele lele ana iā lākou (ua kapa ʻia kēia hānau ʻia). ʻO Nirvana ka hope o kēia kaʻina. "
Heʻoiaʻiʻo, ua manaʻo nui nā hanauna o nā Buddhist he wahi i ka nirvana, no ka mea, ʻo nā palena o ka ʻōlelo e hāʻawi iā mākou i kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia ʻano ʻāina. Aia kekahi manaʻo kahiko kahiko e hāpai ʻia i kahi kāne e komo i ka nirvana. ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻo Buddha ka mōʻaukala i kekahi ʻano o ke ʻano, akā ua hōʻike ʻia ka manaʻo kaulana i kekahi mau mele Mahayana. ʻAʻole ʻia kēia manaʻo i ka Vimalakirti Sutra, akā naʻe, i ʻike ʻia e hiki ai i nā wahine a me nā poʻe keʻae ke hoʻomālamalama a ʻike i nā nirvana.

Nibbana ma Theravada Buddhism
Ua wehewehe ʻo Theravada Buddhism i ʻelua ʻano nirvana, a i ʻole ʻo Nibbana, no ka mea maʻamau ʻo Theravadin i ka ʻōlelo Pali. ʻO ka "Nibbana ka mea mua" me nā koena ". Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia me nā ʻili i kū mālie ʻia ma hope o ke pio ʻana o ka lapalapa a wehewehe i kahi mea ola maikaʻi ʻole a i kahi arahant. E ʻike ana ka arahant i ka leʻaleʻa a me ka ʻeha, akā ʻaʻole ia i hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou.

ʻO ka lua ka inoa ʻo ka parinibbana, ʻo ia ka mea hope loa a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka "i hoʻokomo ʻia" i ka make. I kēia manawa nā mea ʻono maikaʻi. Ua aʻo aku ʻo Buddha i kēia mokuana ʻaʻole ia he ola - no ka mea ke hiki ke ʻōlelo e ola ʻia nei ka palena ma ka manawa a me ka noho ʻole. Hōʻike kēia ʻano hanohano i ka paʻakikī e kū mai i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka ʻōlelo maʻamau e wehewehe i kahi kūlana o ka ʻano kumu ʻole.

Nirvana ma Mahayana Buddhism
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ʻo Mahayana Buddhism ʻo ia ka hoʻohiki o ka bodhisattva. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia ʻo Mahayana Buddhists ma ka ʻike nui loa o nā mea āpau a no laila e koho e noho i ka honua e kōkua i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kukui kū hoʻokahi. Ma ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau kula Mahayana, ʻoiai ke lilo nei nā mea āpau, "kū" kūʻokoʻa "ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia. ʻO kēia mau kula o ka Buddhist ke kumu nui i ke ola ma kēia ao, ʻaʻole ka haʻalele.

ʻO kekahi mau kula o ka Mahayana Mahayana ʻoihana hoʻi kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻo ʻole ʻokoʻa ka samsara a me nā nirvana. ʻO kahi mea i ʻike a ʻike i ka luhi o nā hanana, e ʻike ana ʻaʻole ia ʻo nirvana a me samsara i kipi, akā holoʻokoʻa loa. No ka mea, ʻo kā mākou ʻikepili i loko o ka Buddha Nature, ʻo ka nirvana a me nā samsara he mau kūlohelohe o ka pihoihoi noa o kā mākou noʻonoʻo, a ʻike ʻia ka nirvana ʻo ia ka ʻano maikaʻi o samsara. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i kēia manawa, ʻike pū kekahi "The Heart Sutra" a me "The Two Truths".