ʻO St. John Chrysostom, Hemolele o ka lā no 13 Kepakemapa
(c. 349 - Kepakemapa 14, 407)
ʻO ka moʻolelo o St. John Chrysostom
ʻO ke ʻano pohihihi a me nā mea hoʻopuni e hoʻopuni ana iā John, ke kahuna haʻiʻōlelo nui (ʻo kona inoa "me ka waha gula") o ʻAnetioka, he ʻano ia o ke ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka nui o ke kapena nui. Lawe ʻia iā Constantinople ma hope o nā makahiki he ʻumikūmālua o ka lawelawe kahuna ʻana ma Suria, ua ʻike ʻo John ʻo ia ka mea makemake ʻole ʻia e kahi hana emepera e koho iā ia i pīhopa i ke kūlanakauhale nui loa o ka emepela. Ascetic, unimpressive akā hanohano a hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā maʻi ʻōpū o kona mau lā i ka wao akua ma ke ʻano he mōneka, ua lilo ʻo John i bihopa ma lalo o ke ao o ka politika politika.
Inā nāwaliwali kona kino, ikaika ka elelo. ʻO ka ʻike o kāna mau haʻiʻōlelo, kāna exegesis o ka Palapala Hemolele, he mea ʻole ia. I kekahi manawa kui ka mea kiʻekiʻe i ka mea kiʻekiʻe. Ua lōʻihi kekahi mau haʻiʻōlelo a ʻelua mau hola.
ʻO kāna ʻano ma ke alo o ka ʻaha aliʻi ʻaʻole mahalo ʻia e nā luna hale he nui. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi papa ʻaina haʻahaʻa i nā pelaha episkopal a puni no nā makemake emepela a me nā ʻekalesia. Ua hōʻino ʻo John i ka hana o ka ʻaha i hāʻawi iā ia i mua ma mua o nā luna kiʻekiʻe o ka mokuʻāina. ʻAʻole ia e mālama ʻia.
ʻO kona ikaika i alakaʻi iā ia i ka hana hoʻoholo. Ua kipaku ʻia nā bihopa i komo i ke keʻena. ʻO ka hapa nui o kāna mau haʻiʻōlelo i kāhea i nā hana paʻa e kaʻana like i ka waiwai me ka poʻe ʻilihune. ʻAʻole mahalo ka poʻe waiwai i ka hoʻolohe ʻana mai a John e pili ana kahi waiwai pilikino ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻana o Adamu mai ka lokomaikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne male i makemake e lohe he pili lākou i ka kūpaʻa male e like me kā lākou wahine. I ka pili ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono kaulike a me ke aloha, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻo John i nā kūlana kaulua.
Hoʻokaʻawale, ikaika, walaʻau, keu hoʻi i ka pīhoihoi i ka polina, ʻo John kahi pahuhopu paʻa no ka hoʻohewa a me ka pilikia pilikino. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia no ka hana malū ʻana iā ia iho i nā waina momona a me nā meaʻai maikaʻi. ʻO kona kūpaʻa ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi ʻuhane i ka wahine kāne make waiwai, ʻo Olympias, i hoʻokumu i ka nui o ka hoʻowahāwahā i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻoia iā ia he hoʻokamani ma nā mea waiwai a me ka maʻemaʻe. ʻO kāna mau hana i kūʻē ʻia i nā pīhopa kūpono ʻole ma ʻAsia Minor i ʻike ʻia e nā kāhuna pule ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he kīʻaha a me ka ʻole canonical o kāna mana.
Ua hoʻoholo paʻa ʻia ʻo Theophilus, Archb Bishop o Alexandria, a me ka Empress Emudoxia e hōʻino iā John. Makaʻu ʻo Theophilus i ka ulu nui ʻana o ka pīhopa o Constantinople a ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i kēia mea e hoʻopiʻi iā John no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka heresy. Ua kākoʻo ʻia ʻo Theophilus a me nā bihopa huhū ʻē aʻe e Eudoxia. Ua huhū ka mōʻī wahine i kāna mau haʻiʻōlelo i hoʻohālikelike i nā waiwai o ka ʻeuanelio me ka nui o ke ola o ka ʻaha emepera. Makemake paha lākou iā ia a makemake ʻole paha, pili nā ʻelele e ʻōlelo ana i ka haumia o Iezebela a me ka hewa o Herodias me ka ʻemepela, ka mea i kūleʻa i ka lawe pio ʻana iā Ioane. Ua make pio ʻo ia i 407.
Hōʻikeʻike
ʻO kā John Chrysostom haʻi ʻōlelo, ma ka ʻōlelo a me ka laʻana, hōʻike i ka hana a ka makāula i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka poʻe ʻehaʻeha a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka poʻe ʻoluʻolu. No kona ʻoiaʻiʻo a me kona koa, ua uku ʻo ia i ke kumukūʻai o kahi ʻoihana pīhoihoi ma ke ʻano he pīhopa, ka hoʻowahāwahā pilikino a me ka lawe pio ʻana.