E ʻike iā St. Augustine: mai ka lawehala a i ke kahuna pule Karistiano

ʻO St. Augustine, ka pīpī o Hippo ma ʻApelika ʻākau (mai 354 a 430 AD), ʻo ia kekahi o nā manaʻo nui o ka hale Kristiano mua, kahi aʻoaʻo nui nona nā manaʻo i nā Katolika a me nā Roma hoʻi mau loa.

ʻAʻole hiki i ke Augustine i ka Karistiano ma ke ala maʻalahi. I kona wā ʻōpio ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻimi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma nā pilala pilia a me nā moʻomeheu kaulana o kona manawa. Ua hōʻailona ʻia kona ola ʻōpio e ka moekolohe. ʻO ka moʻolelo o kona hoʻololi ʻana, i haʻi ʻia ma kāna puke Nā Confessions, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻike ʻo Kristiano maikaʻi loa i nā manawa a pau.

Ke ala ʻaihiki o ʻAukake
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Agostino i 354 ma Thagaste, ma ke aupuni o North Africa o Numidia, i kēia lā ʻo Algeria. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Patrizio, he pagana nāna i hana a hoʻopakele i hiki i kāna keiki ke loaʻa i ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi. ʻO Monica, kona makuahine, he Karistiano kūpaʻa e pule mau nei no kāna keiki.

Mai ka hoʻonaʻauao kumu ʻehā ma kona ʻāina hānau, hoʻomaka ʻo Augustine e hoʻopaʻa ʻatikala i nā puke kuʻuna, a laila ua hele i Carthage e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka retorika, kākoʻo ʻia e kahi mea kōkua ʻo Romana ka inoa. Ua alakaʻi nā hui hewa i nā hana maikaʻi. Lawe a Augustine i aloha a hānau mai i kahi keiki, ʻo Adeodatus, i make i ka makahiki 390 AD

Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia e kāna pōloli no ka naʻauao, ua lilo ʻo Augustine i Manichean. ʻO Manichaeism, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka luna ʻĀina Pelekane ʻo Mani (mai 216 a 274 AD), i aʻo dualism, kahi hoʻomāhele paʻa ma waena o ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa. E like me Gnosticism, ua makemake kēia hoʻomana i ka ʻike pilikino ke ala i ke ola. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻohui i nā ʻōlelo a Buddha, Zoroaster a me Iesū Kristo.

I ka wā hou, ua pule ʻo Monica no ka hoʻololi ʻana o kāna keiki. Ua paʻa loa kēia i ka makahiki 387, i ka manawa i bapetizo ʻia ai ʻo Agostino e Ambrogio, pīpī o Milan, Italia. Ua hoʻi ʻo Augustine i kona home i Thagaste, ua mālama ʻia i kahuna ai a i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo ia i pīpī o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Hippo.

Loaʻa iā Augustine kahi akamai naʻauao akā ua mālama i kahi ola maʻalahi, like me ko ka mōʻī. Paipai ʻo ia i nā monasteries a me nā hermē i loko o kāna pīpīpila ma ʻAmelika a e hoʻokipa mau ana i nā malihini e hiki ai i nā kamaʻilio aʻoi aku. Ua hana hou ʻoi i ke ʻano he kahuna pule ma mua o kahi pīkoi hūnā, akā ma ke ola o kāna mau manawa i kākau mau ai.

Ua kākau ʻia ma ko mākou mau naʻau
Ua aʻo aku ʻo Augustine i loko o ke Kahua Kahua (Kahua Hou), aia ma waho o ke kānāwai ua kākau ʻia ma nā papa pōhaku, nā ʻumi ʻumi. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia kānāwai ke hoʻopiʻi i ka hoʻopono, ka lawehala wale nō.

I loko o ke Kauoha Hou, a i ʻole Kauaka Hou, ua kākau ʻia ke kānāwai i loko o mākou, i loko o ko kākou mau naʻau, i ʻōlelo ʻo ia, a ua hana ʻia mākou ma o ka hoʻokomo maikaʻi ʻana o ke aloha a ke Akua a agape aloha.

ʻAʻole naʻe kēia kaulike mai kā mākou mau hana ʻana, akā ua lanakila ʻia no mākou ma o ka make ʻana o Kristo ma ke kea, e hele mai ana ka lokomaikaʻi iā mākou ma o ka ʻUhane Hemolele, ma o ka manaʻoʻiʻo a me ka bapetizo.

Ua manaʻo ʻo Augustine ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka lokomaikaʻi o Kristo i kā mākou moʻokāki e hoʻonā ai i ko mākou hewa, akā no ke kōkua ʻana iā mākou e mālama i ke kānāwai. Ua maopopo iā mākou ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke mahalo i ke kānāwai ma o mākou iho, no laila ua alakaʻi ʻia mākou iā Kristo. Ma ka lokomaikaʻi, ʻaʻole mākou e mālama i ke kānāwai mai ka makaʻu, e like me ia i loko o ke Kauoha Kahiko, akā ma ka aloha, ʻī maila ʻo ia.

I loko o kona ola a pau, ua kākau ʻo Augustine e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hewa, ka Trinity, ka ʻole manuahi a me ke ʻano hewa o ke kanaka, nā ʻākala a me nā mea a ke Akua. Hoʻohālikelike kāna manaʻo i nā manaʻo he nui i hāʻawi i ke kumu no kaologyology Christian no nā kenekulia e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai iā Augustine
ʻO kā Augustine mau hana kaulana ʻelua ʻo ka Confesy a me ke kūlanakauhale o ke Akua. I loko o nā hōʻoia, haʻi ʻo ia i ka moʻolelo o kāna moekolohe a me ka hopohopo ʻole o kona makuahine no kona ʻuhane. Hōʻikeʻo ia i kona aloha iā Kristo, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "No laila hiki iaʻu ke hōʻoki i ka hana hewa ʻole iaʻu iho a loaʻa ka hauʻoli iā ʻoe."

ʻO ke kūlanakauhale o ke Akua, i kākau ʻia i ka hopena o ko Augustine ola, he mea pale i ka hoʻomana Kalikiano i loko o ka Emepaea Roma. Ua hoʻolilo ʻo Emepela Theodosius i ke Kalikiano Trinity i hoʻomana haipule no ke aupuni i ka makahiki 390. Iwakālua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokahuli ʻia ka haole Visigoth, alakaʻi ʻia e Alaric I, iā Roma. Ua hewa ka nui o ko Roma i ka hoʻomana Kalikiano, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei no ka neʻe ʻana mai nā akua Roma kahiko ka mea i eo ai lākou. ʻO ke koena o ke kūlanakauhale o ke Akua e hoʻohālikelike ana i nā kūlanakauhale honua a lani hoʻi.

I ka wā i pīpī ʻia ʻo ia iā Hippo, hoʻokumu ʻo Saint Augustine i nā hale monikini no nā kāne a me nā wahine. Ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi lula, a i ʻole hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻōlelo aʻo, no ke ʻano o nā mōʻī a me nā kuʻuna. Ma ka makahiki 1244 wale nō ka hui pū o nā heihei a me nā hermits iā Italia a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Kauoha o St. Augustine, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā rula.

Ma kahi o 270 mau makahiki ma hope mai, kipi ʻo ʻAukake Augustinian, he mea aʻo Baibala hoʻi e like me Augustine, kipi i nā loina he nui o nā kulekele a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo o ka hale pule Katolika Roma. ʻO Martin Luther kona inoa a ua lilo ia i mea nui i loko o ka Reformant Protestant.

Nā kumuwaiwai a me ka heluhelu hou ʻana
Christian Apologetics a me ke Kuhina o ka noiʻi
Kauoha o St. Augustine
Ke Kulanuiʻo Fordham,
Ke kānāwai o St. Augustine
Kalikiano i kēia lā
ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana mai
Confensions, St. Augustine, Oxford University Press, unuhi a me nā memo na Henry Chadwick.