Chii chinonzi chirevo? Tsanangudzo uye mienzaniso
Izwi rekunzwisisa rinobva mushoko reChigiriki rinoti, rinoreva kutanga kweimwe chechi yakavanzika. Izvi zvinoreva kutsvaga kana kuwana kwehukama hwevanhu kana kubatana naMwari (kana imwe nzira yechokwadi kana yekupedzisira yezvokwadi). Munhu anonyatso kubudirira uye anowana chirairo chakadai anogona kunzi chakavanzika.
Kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvevadistikiki zviri kunze kweruzivo rwezuva nezuva, kazhinji hazviwanzoonekwa sedzomukati kana zvemashiripiti. Izvi zvinogona kuvhiringidza nekuti mazwi ekuti "zvakavanzika" (as in the "zvakavanzika kugona kweGrande Houdini") uye "zvisinganzwisisike" zvakanyatsobatana neizwi rekuti "zvakavanzika" uye "zvakavanzika".
Key Thataways: chii chinoshamisa
Mysticism ndicho chinoitika chomunhu pane icho chakazara kana cheumwari.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ivo vasinganzwisisike vanozviona ivo pachavo sevamwari; mune zvimwe zviitiko, ivo vanoziva kwevamwari sevakaparadzaniswa ivo pachavo.
Mystics yakavepo munhoroondo yese, pasi rese, uye inogona kubva chero echitendero, madzinza kana ehupfumi mavambo. Manyemwe achiri muchikamu chakakosha chechiitiko chechitendero nhasi.
Mamwe mashura anozivikanwa ane hunyanzvi hwepfungwa, zvechitendero nezvematongerwo enyika.
Tsanangudzo uye kuwongorora kwezvakavanzika
Mashura ariko uye ari kuramba achibuda mutsika dzakasiyana dzezvitendero zvinosanganisira chiKirisitu, chiJudeya, chiBhudha, chiIslam, chiHindu, chiTao, chinamato chekuSouth Asia uye nezvitendero zvinokanganisa uye zvakapusa pasi rose. Chokwadi, tsika dzakawanda dzinopa nzira dzakatsarukana dzavanogona kuita kuti vafundisi vazove vedzidziso. Mimwe mienzaniso yekufungidzira muzvitendero zvetsika zvinosanganisira:
Chirevo "Atman ndiBrahman" muchiHinduism, icho chinoshandura izwi rekuti "mweya ndeumwe kuna Mwari".
Zvinoitika zvechiBhudha zvetathata, izvo zvinogona kutsanangurwa se "chokwadi ichi" kunze kwekuona kwemazuva ese pfungwa, kana zvakaitika kuna Zen kana Nirvana muBuddha.
Chiitiko chechiKabbalism chechiitiko chemu sefirot, kana zvinhu zvaMwari izvo, zvakange zvanzwisiswa, zvinogona kupa ruzivo rwakatanhamara mune chisikwa chamwari.
Shamanic zviitiko nemidzimu kana kubatana neiye huMwari zvine hukama nokupora, kududzirwa kwemaroto, nezvimwe.
Zviitiko zvechiKristo zvekuzvazarurwa kubva kana kudyidzana naMwari.
Sufism, iro risinganzwisisike bazi reIslam, kubudikidza naro iro varapi vanorwira nekudyidzana pamwe neumwari kuburikidza ne "kurara zvishoma, kutaura, chikafu chidiki".
Kunyange iyi mienzaniso yese inogona kutsanangurwa semhando dzekufungidzira, haina kufanana kune mumwe nemumwe. MuBuddhism uye mamwe maitiro echiHindu, semuenzaniso, zvakavanzika zvakabatana uye chimwe chikamu cheuMwari. MuchiKirisitu, chiJuda nechiIslam, kune rumwe rutivi, ivo vasinganzwisisike vanotaurirana uye vanoita pamwe neiye huMwari, asi vanoramba vakaparadzana.
Saizvozvo, kune avo vanotenda kuti "chokwadi" chakavanzika chakaitika hachifanirwe kutsanangurwa mumashoko; "isingagoneki" kana isinganzwisisike chakaitika chinowanzonzi apopathic. Neimwe nzira, kune avo vanotenda kuti zvakavanzika zviitiko zvinogona uye zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa mumashoko; kataphatic mashura anoreva zvakananga nezve chakavanzika chiitiko.
Zvinoita sei vanhu kuva zvisinganzwisisike
Mysticism haina kungochengeterwa zvechitendero kana rimwe boka revanhu. Vakadzi vangangodaro sevanhurume (kana kuti zvimwe vangangodaro) kuva nezviitiko zvisinganzwisisike. Zvizaruro uye dzimwe nzira dzekufungidzira dzinowanzoitika kune varombo, vasina kuverenga uye nerima.
Pane nzira mbiri dzekuita dzisinganzwisisike. Vanhu vazhinji vanorwira kwekudyidzana nemweya kuburikidza nehuwandu hwezviitiko zvinogona kusanganisira chero kubva mukufungisisa uye kuimba kusvika asceticism kune nyika-dzakasimudzira trance nyika. Vamwe, zvakanyanyisa, vane zvakavanzika zvakaverengerwa pamusoro pavo nekuda kwezvakaitika zvisingataurike izvo zvinogona kusanganisira zviratidzo, manzwi kana zvimwe zviitiko zvisiri zvemakambani.
Imwe yeanonyanyozivikanwa mashura aive Joan weArc. Joan aive musikana ane makore gumi nematatu uye asina dzidzo yepamutemo aiti aiona zviratidzo uye manzwi engirozi dzakange dzakamutungamira kuti atungamire France mukukunda England mukati meHundred Makore Hondo. Mukupesana, Thomas Merton anodzidziswa zvakanyanya uye anoremekedzwa anofungidzira Trappist monk ane hupenyu hwake hwakatsaurirwa kumunamato uye kunyora.
Mystics kubudikidza nhoroondo
Mysticism yanga iri chikamu chechiitiko chevanhu munyika yose yakatarwa. Nepo zvisinganzwisisiki zvinogona kunge zviri zveboka chero ripi zvaro, rudzi kana masikirwo, hama shomanene chete dzakabatsira zvakanyanya muuzivi, zvematongerwo enyika kana zvechitendero.
Dzidziso dzekare
Pakanga paine mashura ezita akakurumbira pasi rese kunyangwe munguva dzekare. Vazhinji, hongu, vaive vasina kujairika kana vaizivikanwa munharaunda mavo, asi vamwe vakanyatso shandura iyo nhoroondo. Pazasi pane runyorwa pfupi yezvimwe zvine simba.
Nyanzvi yemasvomhu yechiGreek yechiPythagoras yakazvarwa muna 570 BC uye yaizivikanwa kwazvo nezvakazaruro nedzidziso pamusoro pemweya.
Akazvarwa munenge muna 563 BC, Siddhārtha Gautama (iye Buddha) anonzi akawana ruzivo pakugara pasi pemuti wemu bodhi. Dzidziso dzake dzakakanganisa nyika.
Confucius. Akazvarwa makore anosvika 551 BC, Confucius aive Chinese Chinese diplomat, muzivi uye zvakavanzika. Dzidziso dzake dzaive dzakakosha muzuva rake uye akaona dzakawanda dzekuzvarwa mukuzivikanwa mumakore.
Dzidziso dzekare
Pakati peMiddle Ages muEurope, kwaive nevazhinji vasinganzwisisike avo vaiti vaiona kana kunzwa vatsvene kana kuziva nzira dzekudyidzana nemhedziso. Mamwe eanonyanyozivikanwa anosanganisira:
Meister Eckhart, mudzidzisi wezveDominican, munyori uye asingazivikanwe, akaberekwa ari gumi nemaviri. Eckhart ichiri kungofungidzirwa kuti ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakavanzika zveGerman uye mabasa ake achiri ane simba.
Santa Teresa d'Avila, murume weSpanish, aigara makore ekuma 1500. Ainge ari mumwe wevakuru vezvakavanzika, vanyori uye vadzidzisi veChechi yeKaturike.
Eleazar ben Judha, akaberekwa mumakore ekuma 1100s, aive wechiGiriki asinganzwisisiki uye nyanzvi mabhuku ake achiri kuverenga nhasi.
Contemporary fantics
Mysticism yakapfuurira kuve chikamu chakakosha cheicho chiitiko chechitendero kubva kumaMiddle Ages kusvika kuzuva ranhasi. Zvimwe zvezvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha zvema 1700s uye kupfuura zvinogona kuteverwa zvichidzokera kune zvakavanzika zviitiko. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:
Martin Luther, muvambi weRefform, akavakira kufunga kwake pamabasa aMeister Eckhart uye anogona kunge anga akave asinganzwisisike.
Amai Ann Lee, muvambi wevaShaker, vakawana zviratidzo nezvakazaruro zvakamuunza kuUnited States.
Joseph Smith, muvambi weMormonism neThe Latter-day Saint kufamba, akatanga basa rake mushure mekusangana nezvakatevedzana zvezviratidzo.
Kufungidzira ndekwechokwadi here?
Iko hakuna nzira yekuratidza chose chokwadi cheicho chakavanzika chakaitika. Chokwadi, mazhinji eanonzi asinganzwisisike zvakaitika anogona kuve mhedzisiro yehurwere hwepfungwa, pfari kana kudhakisa-zvinodhaka. Nekudaro, vechitendero nehunyanzvi vepfungwa uye vaongorori vanowanzobvumirana kuti zvinoitika zvechokwadi fide zvakavanzika uye zvakakosha. Dzimwe dzenyaya dzinotsigira maonero aya dzinosanganisira:
Iyo yakasarudzika yezvakaitika zvakavanzika: chave chiri chikamu chechiitiko chevanhu munhoroondo yese, pasi rese, zvisinei nezvinhu zvine chekuita nezera, murume kana mukadzi, hupfumi, dzidzo kana chinamato.
Mhedzisiro yeChakavanzika Chinoitika: Zvakawanda zvisinganzwisisike zviitiko zvakave zvakakomba uye zvakaoma kutsanangura zvinokanganisa kuvanhu kutenderera nyika. Zviratidzo zvaJoan weArc, semuenzaniso, zvakatungamira mukukunda kweFrance muHondo Yemakore Makumi.
Iko kusakwanisa kweanorologists uye mamwe masayendisiti akararama mazuva ano kutsanangura zvimwe zvisinganzwisisike zvinoitika senge "zvese mumusoro".
Sekutaura kwakaita nyanzvi yezvirwere zvepfungwa uye mudzidzi wezvebhuku William James mubhuku rake Mhando dzezvinamato zvechitendero: kudzidza kwechimiro chemunhu, . ..) Ivo vanovhenekera, zvakazarurirwa, zvakazara nerevo uye kukosha, zvese inarticate kunyange zvakadaro zvinoramba; uye, sekutonga, vanounza pamwe navo pfungwa yekuda kuziva yechiremera chepashure-nguva ".