Kuputirwa kwebvudzi muchiJudha
MuchiJuda, vakadzi veOrthodox vanofukidza vhudzi ravo kubva pavanoroora. Maitiro ayo vakadzi vanofukidza vhudzi ravo inyaya dzakasiyana, uye kunzwisisa masemicics ekufukidzwa kwebvudzi achienzaniswa nekufukidzwa kwemusoro zvakare chinhu chakakosha che halakha (mutemo) yekuvhara.
Pakutanga
Kurera kwakadzika mune sotah, kana kufungidzirwa mukadzi chifeve, mune iyo nhoroondo yaNumeri 5: 11-22. Aya mavhesi anotsanangura zvakadzama zvinoitika kana murume akafungidzira mukadzi wehupombwe.
Uye Mwari akataura naMosesi, achiti: "Taura nevana veIsraeri uye nezvevari: 'Kana mukadzi wemunhu akarasika uye asina kutendeka kwaari, uye murume akavata naye mumuviri, akavanzika pamberi pake. murume uye iye anove asina kuchena kana asina kuchena (tameh) pakavanda, uye pachave pasina zvimupikisi zvinopesana naye kana iye akabatwa, uye mweya wegodo unodzika paari uye ane godo nemukadzi wake uye iye kana kana mweya godo rinouya pamusoro pake uye iye ane godo naye uye iye haana kusachena kana asina kuchena, saka murume anofanira kuunza mukadzi wake kuMupristi Unoyera uye amuvigire chipo, chegumi cheefa yebhari efahdi, uye kwete ngaadire mafuta pamusoro pacho, uye haangadiri zvinonhuhwira pamusoro pacho, nekuti ndicho chipiriso choupfu chezviyo chechipiriso chezviyo, icho chinopiwa chechirangaridzo, chinorangaridza. Uye Mupristi Unoyera anozviswededza pedyo agouisa pamberi paMwari uye iye Mupristi Unoyera anotora iwo mvura inoyera muareka yepasi uye neguruva riri pasi kubva pachipiriso icho Mupristi Mutsvene anoisa mumvura. Mupristi unoyera uchaisa mukadzi pamberi paMwari naPara, vhudzi aise chiyeuchidzo mukati meruoko rwake, icho chiri chipiriso chezviyo chehanje, uye paruoko rwemupristi pane mvura yemvura inovava inounza kutuka. Uye ichipikirwa noMupristi Mutsvene, ichiti: “Kana pasina murume akavata newe uye ukasasvibiswa kana kusvibiswa neumwe munhu kunze kwemurume wako, unosunungurwa kubva pamvura inovava. Asi kana iwe wakatsauka uye usina kuchena kana asina kuchena, mvura yacho inokuita dongo uye iye anoti Ameni, ameni.
Muchikamu ichi chemavara, vhudzi remunhu anofungidzirwa kuti ndiye chifeve riri parah, rine zvirevo zvakawanda zvakasiyana, kusanganisira kusarukwa kana kusungwa. Zvinogona zvakare kureva kushungurudzika, kuvhurwa kana kukanganiswa. Chero nzira, iyo yeruzhinji mufananidzo weanofungidzirwa kuti ndiye mhombwe inoshandurwa nekuchinja munzira iyo bvudzi rake rakasungirwa pamusoro wake.
Vanarabhi vakanzwisisa kubva pane iyi ndima kubva muTorah, saka, kuti kufukidza musoro kana bvudzi raive mutemo we "vanasikana veIzirairi" (Sifrei Bamidbar 11) inotungamirirwa naMwari .. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvitendero, kusanganisira chiIslam icho ine vasikana vanofukidza vhudzi ravo pamberi pemuchato, vanarabhi vakaona kuti zvinoreva chikamu ichi chesotah zvinoreva kuti vhudzi nemusoro kufukidzwa chete rinoshandiswa kune vakadzi vakaroora.
Sarudzo yekupedzisira
Mazhinji masages mushure menguva akambokurukura kuti kutonga uku kwaive kwaDat Moshe (mutemo weTorah) kana Dat Yehudi, chaiko tsika yavanhu vechiJudha (pasi penzvimbo, tsika dzemhuri, nezvimwewo) zvinova mutemo. Saizvozvo, kushayikwa kwekujekeswa pamantics muTorah kunoita kuti zviome kunzwisisa maitiro kana mhando yemusoro kana vhudzi rakashanda.
Mufungo wakawandisa uye unogamuchirwa maererano nekufukidzwa kwemusoro, zvakadaro, unotsigira kuti chisungo chekufukidza vhudzi rako hachishanduke uye hachifanirwe kuchinja (Gemara Ketubot 72a-b), chichiita Dat Moshe kana chirevo chakatemwa naMwari. - mukadzi anocherechedzwa wechiJuda anodikanwa kuti afukidze bvudzi pamuchato. Izvi zvinoreva, zvisinei, chimwe chinhu chakasiyana zvachose.
Zvekufukidza
MuTorah, inotaura kuti "vhudzi" remunhu aifungidzirwa ari mhombwe aive parah. Mumhando yeanarabhi, zvakakosha kufunga nezve mubvunzo unotevera: chii chinonzi bvudzi?
bvudzi (n) rakapetwa-kunge rakakura senge kukura kwechikara chepermermis; kunyanya: imwe yeiyo inowanzo pigmented filaments inoumba hunhu hwejasi remombe (www.mw.com)
MuchiJuda, kufukidza musoro kana bvudzi kunozivikanwa sa kisui rosh (kiyi-sue-ee rowh), iro rinoshandura senge rekufukidza musoro. Nechikonzero ichi, kunyangwe mukadzi akaveura musoro, anofanira kufukidza musoro wake. Saizvozvo, vakadzi vazhinji vanotora izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unongofanira kufukidza musoro kwete bvudzi rinobuda mumusoro.
Mune codification yemutemo weMaimonides (inozivikanwawo seRambam), anosiyanisa mhando mbiri dzekuwanikwa: izere uye isina chidimbu, nekutyora kwekutanga kwaDat Moshe (mutemo weTorah). Chaizvoizvo rinoti iwo wakanangwa weTorah remutemo kuvakadzi kuti vadzivise vhudzi ravo kubuda pachena, uye itsika yevakadzi vechiJudha kusimudza imwe yakafanana mukufarira kwekuzvininipisa uye chengeta chifukidziro chakati mumusoro wavo nguva dzese , kusanganisira mukati meimba (Hilchot Ishut 24:12). Rambam vanoti, saka, kuti kufukidzwa kwakazara mutemo uye chikamu kufukidza itsika .. Pakupedzisira, poindi yake ndeyekuti bvudzi rako harifanire kuodzwa mwoyo [parah] kana kuburitswa.
MuTalmud yeBabylon, nzira inowedzera yekuremerwa inosimbiswa mumusoro uyo kufukidza musoro hakugamuchirwi pachena, pane mukadzi ari kubva pachivanze chake achienda kune mumwe kuburikidza nehuriri, zvakwana uye hazvidariki Dat Yehudit, kana mutemo wakasarudzika. . Talmud yeJerusarema, kune rumwe rutivi, inotsigira pane imwe diki yemusoro yakafukidza chivanze uye izere yakazara mune alley. Talmuds yeBabylon uye yeTembereds inobata ne "nzvimbo dzeruzhinji" mumitsara iyi. Rabhi Shlomo ben Aderet, iye Rashba, akataura kuti "bvudzi rinowanzobuda kunze kwehomwe uye murume wake anoshandiswa naro" kwepamoyo. Munguva dzeTalmudic, Maharam Alshakar akataura kuti tambo dzaibvumidzwa kubuda kubva kumberi (pakati pezeve nehuma), kunyangwe paine tsika yekufukidza tambo yekupedzisira yebvudzi remukadzi. Mutongo uyu wakagadzira zvinonzwisiswa nevaJudha vazhinji veOrthodox semitemo yechefach, kana ruoko rwakareba, rwebvudzi izvo zvinobvumira vamwe kuti vhudzi ravo risununguke munzira yefa.
Muzana ramakore rechi 20, Rabbi Moshe Feinstein akarayira kuti vakadzi vese vakaroora vaifanira kufukidza vhudzi ravo paruzhinji uye kuti vaisungirwa kufukidza chero tambo, kunze kwekunge tefach. Akadaira achifukidzwa zvakakwana se "chaicho", asi kuti kuzarurirwa tefach hakuna kutyora Dat Yehudit.
Maitiro ekufukidza
Vakadzi vazhinji vanovhara nemavanga anozivikanwa sediki (inonzi "tickle") kana mitpaha muIsrael, vamwe vachisarudza kufukidza ne ngowani kana ngowani. Kune vazhinji vanosarudzawo kuvhara ne wig, inozivikanwa munyika yechiJudha se sheitel (yakataurwa shay-tull).
Iwig yakatanga kufarirwa pakati pevasiri vaJudha pamberi pevaya vekucherechedza maJuda. MuFrance yezana ramakore rechigumi nematanhatu, mawigi akave akakurumbira semanyorero efashoni evarume nevakadzi, uye vanarabhi vakaramba mawigi senge sarudzo yevaJudha nekuti zvaive zvisina kukodzera kutevedzera "nzira dzevahedheni". Vakadzi vaizviona futi sechiuno chekufukidza musoro. Wigs yakambundirwa, isingade, asi vakadzi kazhinji vaifukidza wigs neimwe mhando yehombodo, yakadai ngowani, sezvinoitwa mutsika zhinji dzechitendero neve Hasidic munharaunda.
Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, anononoka Lubavitcher Rebbe, akatenda kuti wig ndiyo musoro wepamusoro waigoneka pamukadzi nekuti zvaisave nyore kubvisa sengeti kana ngowani. Ukuwo, aimbova Sephardic mukuru arabbi weIsrael Ovadiah Yosef akadana wigs "maperembudzi", achienda zvekuti "iye anobuda ne wig, mutemo unoita kunge wabuda nemusoro wake [ kuwanikwa].
Zvakare, maererano naDarkei Moshe, Orach Chaim 303, unogona kucheka vhudzi rako uye kurishandura rive wigi:
"Mukadzi akaroora anotenderwa kuratidza wigi yake uye hapana mutsauko kana yakagadzirwa kubva kune vhudzi rake kana kubva kubvudzi reshamwari dzake."
Tsika oddities kuvhara
Munharaunda dzeHungary, Galigiya neUkraine Hasidic nharaunda, vakadzi vakaroora vanogara vachiveura misoro yavo vasati vafukidza uye kuveura mwedzi wega wega vasati vaenda kune mikvah. MuLithuania, Morocco neRomania vakadzi havana kuvhara vhudzi ravo zvachose. Kubva munharaunda yeLithuania kwakauya baba veanhasi orthodoxy, Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik, uyo zvinoshamisa haana kunyora ake maonero ekuvhara bvudzi uye mukadzi wake asina kufukidza bvudzi rake zvachose.