Misiyano yakakosha pakati peShiite neSunni VaMuslim
MaSunni uye maShia maMuslim vanogovana zvitendero zvakakosha zveIslam uye zvinyorwa zvekutenda uye ndiwo madiki makuru eIslam. Izvo zvakasiyana, zvisinei, uye kuti kupatsanurwa kwakatanga pakutanga, kwete kubva pakunamata asi kubva pamatanho ezvematongerwo enyika. Kwemazana emakore, idzi misiyano yezvematongerwo enyika dzakaburitsa maitiro akati wandei akasiyana uye zvinzvimbo zvakatora kukosha pakunamata.
Mbiru shanu dzeIslam
Mbiru shanu dzeIslam dzinoreva mabasa echitendero kuna Mwari, kukura kwako pamweya, kutarisira vane rombo shoma, kuzvidzora uye kuzvipira. Ivo vanopa hwaro kana hwaro hwehupenyu hweMuslim, sezvinoita mbiru kune zvivakwa.
Nyaya yekutungamira
Kupatsanurana pakati pevaShiites neSunnis kwakatanga parufu rwemuporofita Muhammad muna 632. Chiitiko ichi chakasimudza mubvunzo wekuti ndiani achatora chinzvimbo cherudzi rweMuslim.
Sunnism ndiro rakakura uye rakanyanya orthodox bazi reIslam. Izwi rekuti Sunn, muchiArabic, rinobva pashoko rinoreva kuti "uyo anotevera tsika dzeMuporofita".
VaMuslim vechiSunni vanobvumirana nevazhinji vevamwe veMuporofita panguva yekufa kwake kuti mutungamiri mutsva anofanira kusarudzwa kubva kune avo vanokwanisa kuita basa. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekufa kweMuporofita Muhammad, shamwari yake yepedyo uye chipangamazano, Abu Bakr, akazova khaliph wekutanga (mutsivi kana mutevedzeri wemuporofita) werudzi rweIslam.
Kune rimwe divi, vamwe maMuslim vanotenda kuti hutungamiriri hwaifanira kunge hwakagara mukati memhuri yeMuporofita, pakati peavo vakasarudzwa naiye kana pakati pemamamamu akasarudzwa naMwari pachake.
MaShia maMuslim vanotenda kuti mushure mekufa kweMuporofita Muhammad, hutungamiriri hwaifanirwa kunge hwakananga kuna mukoma wake uye mukuwasha, Ali bin Abu Talib. Munhoroondo yese, maShia maMuslim havana kucherechedza masimba evatungamiriri veMuslim vakasarudzwa, pachinzvimbo chekutevera mutsara wemamamamu avo vavanotenda vakagadzwa neMuporofita Muhammad kana naMwari pachake.
Izwi rekuti Shiite muchiArab rinoreva boka kana boka revanhu vanotsigira. Izwi rinowanzozivikanwa rakapfupikiswa nemunyori wenhau Shia't-Ali, kana "Bato raAli". Iri boka rinozivikanwa zvakare semaShiites kana vateveri vaAhl al-Bayt kana "Vanhu vemhuri" (yeMuporofita).
Mukati mematavi eSunni neShia, iwe unogona zvakare kuwana anoverengeka manomwe. Semuenzaniso, muSaudi Arabia, Sunni Wahhabism iboka rakazara uye puritanical. Saizvozvowo, muShiism, maDruze iboka rakasarudzika rinogara muRebhanoni, Siria, neIsrael.
Vanogara maSunni nemaShiite maMuslim vanogara kupi?
VaMuslim veSunni vanoumba 85% yevakawanda vevaMuslim pasirese. Nyika dzakaita seSaudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan, Indonesia, Turkey, Algeria, Morocco, neTunisia vanonyanya kuve maSunni.
Nzvimbo dzinokosha dzevaShiite maMuslim vanowanikwa muIran neIraq. Nzvimbo huru dzeShiite zvidiki zvinowanikwawo muYemen, Bahrain, Syria neRebhanoni.
Iri munzvimbo dzepasi pano apo vanhu veSunni neShia vari padyo padyo kuti mhirizhonga inogona kumuka. Kugarisana muIraq neRebhanoni, semuenzaniso, zvinowanzoomera. Misiyano yezvitendero yakadzika midzi mutsika zvekuti kusashivirira kunowanzo kutungamira kumhirizhonga.
Misiyano mumuitiro wechitendero
Kubva pane kudiwa kwekutanga kwehutungamiriri hwematongerwo enyika, zvimwe zvikamu zvehupenyu hwemweya ikozvino zvinosiyana pakati pemapoka maviri eMuslim. Izvi zvinosanganisira munamato uye tsika dzemuchato.
Mupfungwa iyi, vanhu vazhinji vanoenzanisa mapoka maviri aya nemaCatholic nemaPurotesitendi. Chaizvoizvo, ivo vanogoverana zvimwe zvinowanzozivikanwa asi vanoita nenzira dzakasiyana.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti urangarire kuti kunyangwe paine kusiana kwemafungiro uye maitiro, maShia nemaSunni maMuslim vanogovana zvinyorwa zvikuru zvechitendero cheIslam uye vanoonekwa nevazhinji sehama mukutenda. Chokwadi, maMuslim mazhinji havazvipatsanure nekuzviti ndeveboka rakasiyana, asi vanofarira kungodaidza kuti "maMuslim".
Hutungamiri hwechitendero
MaShia maMuslim vanodavira kuti Imam haana chitadzo nechisikirwo uye kuti chiremera chake hachikanganisi nekuti chinobva kuna Mwari chaiko. Vanoenda kunzvimbo dzekunamatira kumakuva avo uye nzvimbo dzinoyera mutariro yekurevererwa naMwari.
Iyi yakanyatsotsanangurwa vafundisi hutungamiriri inogona kutora chinzvimbo mune zvehurumende zviitiko futi. Iran muenzaniso wakanaka apo imam, uye kwete nyika, ndiye ane masimba makuru.
MaSunni maMuslim vanopokana kuti hapana hwaro muIslam hwenhaka yekugara nhaka yevatungamiriri vezvemweya uye zvirokwazvo hapana hwaro hwekunamata kana kureverera kwevatsvene. Vanopokana kuti hutungamiriri hwemunharaunda haisi kodzero yekuzvarwa, asi chivimbo chinowanikwa uye icho chinogona kupihwa kana kutorwa nevanhu.
Zvinyorwa zvechitendero uye maitiro
VaMuslim veSunni neShia vanotevera Korani pamwe nehadith (zvirevo) zvemuporofita uye sunna (tsika). Aya maitiro akakosha mukutenda kweIslam. Ivo zvakare vanoomerera kune shongwe shanu dzeIslam: degree, salat, zakat, sawm, uye hajj.
MaShiite maMuslim vanonzwa kuvenga kune vamwe shamwari dzemuporofita Muhammad. Izvi zvinovakira pazvinzvimbo zvavo uye zvavanoita mukati memakore ekutanga ekusanzwanana nezve hutungamiriri munharaunda.
Vazhinji veava shamwari (Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Al Khattab, Aisha, nezvimwewo) vakarondedzera tsika nezve hupenyu uye kuita kwemweya kweMuporofita. MaShiite maMuslim anoramba tsika idzi uye haatenderi chero maitiro ezvitendero zvavo pane humbowo hwevanhu ava.
Izvi zvomuzvarirwo zvinobatanidza mimwe misiyano mune yechitendero tsika pakati pemapoka maviri aya. Iyi misiyano inobata zvese zvakatsanangurwa mararamiro echitendero: munamato, kutsanya, kufamba uye zvimwe.