Shinda tsvuku yechiJuda
Kana iwe wakamboenda kuIsrael kana kuona waKabbalah munhu anozivikanwa, mikana ndeyekuti waona waya mutsvuku kana akambozivikanwa kabbalah bracelet. Kuturika kubva kune unofamba-famba kana kusungirirwa muchiuno, yakashongedzwa nemapendi kana kuti yakajeka, tambo tsvuku ine mapoinzi akawanda ezvakatangira uye zvisinganzwisisiki zvinoreva.
Ruvara
Zvinorehwa nerudzi rutsvuku (adom) zvine hukama nehupenyu uye hutano, nekuda kwekuti aya ndiwo mavara eropa. Izwi reChihebheru reropa idamu, iro rinobva pane iro rakafanana neshoko remunhu, Adamu nepasi, rinova adamah. Saka ropa nehupenyu zvakabatana zvakanyanya.
Pane musiyano uripo pakati pevara dzvuku (adom) nemumvuri weruvara unonzi shani. Iyo dhayi yakatsvuka yaishandiswa panguva yeTora yaigadzirwa nehonye remakomo rinokanganisa miti kumabvazuva kweMediterranean nyika dzakadai seIsrael (Tosefta Menachot 9:16). MuTorah, chipembenene ichi chinonzi tola'at shani, kana "crimson worm".
Rashi akabatanidza "crimson worm" nezviitiko zvisingaverengeke zvekutendeuka uye neruvara rutsvuku muTora, zvichiratidza kukwidziridzwa kwechimwe chinhu chine mwero chinokambaira pasi rese kune ndege yepamusoro kuburikidza nekubata kwayo muzviito zvekutendeuka.
Torah
Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinosiyanisa muTora pakati pemumvuri wezvitsvuku, unonzi shani.
Mimwe mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwemavara mune zvese:
Kuumbwa kwaIsau paakazvarwa (Mavambo 25:25)
Jamufaji renji raJakobho (Genesi 25:30)
Meso aJehudah (Mavambo 49:12)
Mhou tsvuku / tsiru (Numeri 19: 2)
Meso omunhu akadhakwa (Zvirevo 23:29)
Waini (Zvirevo 23:31)
Ropa (2 Madzimambo 3:22)
Bhiza (Zekaria 1: 8)
Kudeuka kweropa (Zekaria 6: 2)
Mimwe mienzaniso yekushandiswa kweiyo shani yemavara ichitaura nezve tambo ine tambo kana tambo:
Tambo yakasungirirwa pachiwoko chaZera pakuzvarwa, achiva nechokwadi chedangwe rake (Mavambo 38: 28-30)
Tambo yakaodzwa mwoyo nehwindo raRakabhi, iro rinochengetedza iye nemhuri yake kubva parufu rwevaIsraeri vaikunda (Joshua 2:18, 6:25)
Nguo dzakapfekwa nevapfumi uye dzakakodzera (2 Sameri 1: 24 uye Zvir. 31: 21) uye nemupristi mukuru weTembere (2 Mak. 2: 7, 14 uye 3:14)
Yakashandiswa mumatehwe eMishkan uye yakazotevera mutembere yeJerusarema (Ekisodho 25: 4, 26: 1, 31, 36 na 28: 5, 6, 8, 15)
Inoshandiswa mune zvekunatswa tsika (Revhitiko 14: 4, 6, 51 naNumeri 19: 6)
Talmud
Sekureva kweTalmud, tambo tsvuku yaishandiswa muYom Kippur tsika yekutsiva murenje. Panguva iyi yetsika, mupirisita mukuru aiisa maoko pamusoro pembudzi, achireurura zvivi zveIsirayera, uye achikumbira kuyananiswa. Aibva asunga tambo tsvuku pakati penyanga dzembudzi uye chimwe chidimbu chakatenderedza mutsipa wembudzi yechipiri kuratidza kwayaifanira kuurairwa.
Mbudzi yechipiri yakabva yauraiwa sechipiriso chezvivi uye mbudzi yaAzazeri yakatumirwa kurenje. Paakangosvika ipapo, munhu aibata mbudzi yaAzazesi akasungira dombo pane tsvuku tsvuku pambudzi iyi ndokusundira mhuka kubva padombo (Yoma 4: 2, 6: 8).
Zvinoenderana netsika iyi, kana zvivi zvevaIsraeri zvairegererwa, shinda yaizoshanduka kuita chena kana mbudzi yasvika murenje. Tsika iyi yakaenderera mberi pakavakwa Tembere muJerusarema, iine chidimbu chemvere dzemakwai chitsvuku chakasungirirwa pamusuwo wenzvimbo tsvene, icho chingadai chakashanduka chena kana Mwari vakagamuchira kuregererwa kwechivi nevaIsraeri
Sei uye nei
Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvekupfeka tambo tsvuku, uye mabviro eizvi anowanzove akabatana neaya akasiyana siyana ekudzivirira uye kutendeuka kunoonekwa mune zvataurwa pamusoro apa muTorah.
Naizvozvo, zvikonzero zviri munyika yevaJudha uye isiri yechiJudha (ona Zvimwe Zvimiro pazasi) zvinowanzo tenderera mukuchengetedza, kungave kuri kuchengetedza vanhu, mhuka kana zvinhu zvinopesana nechirwere, ziso rakaipa (ay hara) kana vamwe masimba asina kunaka kana zviitiko.
Heano mamwe echinyakare "sei" uye "nei" kune vanhu vanopfeka yakatsvuka shinda:
Kusunga tambo tsvuku kuruboshwe ruoko runodzivisa zvakaipa rombo (an hara kana iro ziso rakaipa).
Pfeka tambo tsvuku kusvikira yapfeka uye yobva yadzika zvoga uye unozosangana nemunhu waunofanira kuroora.
Kana uine nhumbu kana kuyedza kubata nhumbu, pfeka tambo tsvuku muchiuno mako kana muchiuno kuti ubvise ziso rakaipa.
Kana iwe ukashanyira Israeri kana, zvakanyanya, guva raRakeri muBethlehem, vazhinji vevanotengesa tambo tsvuku vanoti vakaputira tambo dzakakomba guva raRakeri kanomwe. Chinangwa cheichi chiitiko chinonzi kupa mupfekedzi zvinhu zvaRakeri, kusanganisira tsitsi uye rupo.
Vanarabhi patambo dzvuku
Iye Debreczyner Rav, kana Be'er Moshe 8:36, akanyora nezvehudiki hwake maakarangarira achiona vanhu vanonamata vakapfeka tambo tsvuku, kunyangwe hazvo aisakwanisa kuwana zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa zvetsika iyi. Pakupedzisira, zvinoratidza kuti zvinogamuchirwa tsika yekudzinga ziso rakaipa, uye Minhag Yisroel Torah Yoreh Deah 179 anobvumirana.
PaTosefta, Shabbat 7, pane hurukuro yemitambo yekusunga tambo tsvuku pane chimwe chinhu kana kusunga tambo yakatenderedza chimwe chinhu chitsvuku. Ichi chitsauko chaicho cheTosefta chinobata nemaitiro anorambidzwa nekuti anoonekwa seDarchei Emori, kana maitiro evaEmori. Kunyanya kazhinji, iyo Tosefta iri kukurukura zvekunamata zvidhori.
Mukupedzisira, iyo Tosefta inopedzisa kuti kusunga tambo tsvuku maitiro akarambidzwa echihedheni uye Radak Yeshayahu 41 anotevedzerawo. Rabhi Moses ben Maimon, anonyanyo kuzivikanwa saRambam kana Maimonides, anodaro muna Moreh Nevuchim 3:37 kuti inokonzera nhamo kune akapfeka.
Dzimwe tsika
Tsika yekusungira tambo tsvuku kuti ubvise rombo rakaipa uye mweya yakaipa inogona kuwanikwa mutsika kubva kuChina neRomania kuenda kuGreece neDominican Republic.
Ingori mienzaniso mishoma yebasa reiyo tambo tsvuku mune dzimwe tsika uye zvitendero:
Ngano yeChina inoti kana mwana achinge azvarwa, tambo dzvuku dzisingaonekwe dzinosunga mweya wemwana iyeye kune vese vanhu vaachasangana navo muhupenyu hwake.
MuChirungu, chiIrish uye chiWales ngano, tsvuku tsvuku ine nhoroondo yakatangira muna 1040 AD apo yainge yakasungirirwa kumativi akasiyana emuviri kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana. Yakasungwa pamutsipa shinda tsvuku yaizorapa chikosoro uye kupenga "kana mwedzi wave kupera". MuEngland, mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, zvakashumwa kuti tambo tsvuku yakatenderedza mutsipa yaizorapa marwadzo ekurumwa nemwana.
MuKansas mukupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX uye muIllinois mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, tambo tsvuku yakasungirirwa pamutsipa yakanzi inorapa kubuda ropa.
MuRomania, Serbs akafunga kuti mukadzi ane nhumbu aifanira kunge akapfeka tambo tsvuku pamunwe wake wepakati uye kuGreece mukadzi ane nhumbu angadai akapfeka ribhoni tsvuku paruoko rwake.
MuItaly, marabhoni matsvuku akaonekwa pamberi pema80 pane machubhu, mabhegi egirazi, poto yekofi inobata, uye akatosonwa mumavheti kana majaketi.