Islam: sumo pfupi yeKoran
Iyo Korani ibhuku dzvene renyika yeIslam. Yakaunganidzwa pamusoro pemakore makumi maviri nematatu panguva yezana ramakore rechinomwe AD, iyo Korani inonzi inoverengerwa zvakazarurwa naAllah kuna Muporofita Muhammad, zvinopfuudzwa kuburikidza nengirozi Gabrieri. Izvi zvakazarurwa zvakanyorwa nevanyori sekutaura kwaMuhammad panguva yehushumiri hwake, uye vateveri vake vakaramba vachizvidzokorora mushure mekufa kwake. Pakurairwa naCaliph Abu Bakr, zvitsauko nendima zvakaunganidzwa mubhuku muna 23 CE; iro bhuku rebhuku, rakanyorwa muchiArabic, rave riri bhuku dzvene reIslam kwemazana anopfuura gumi nematanhatu emakore.
Islam chitendero chaAbrahama mupfungwa yekuti, kufanana nechiKristu nechiJudha, inokudza baba vemuBhaibheri Abhurahama nevazukuru vavo nevateveri.
Korani
Iyo Korani ibhuku dzvene reIslam. Yakanga yakanyorwa muzana ramakore rechinomwe AD
Zviri mukati mayo ndiyo huchenjeri hwaAllah seyakagashirwa uye nekuparidzwa naMuhammad.
Korani yakakamurwa kuita zvitsauko (inonzi sura) uye ndima (ayat) yehurefu hwakasiyana uye misoro.
Iyo zvakare yakakamurwa muzvikamu (juz) sechirongwa chemazuva makumi matatu ekuverenga kweRamadan.
Islam chitendero chaAbrahama uye, sechiJuda uye chiKristu, inokudza Abhurahama sababa vedu.
Islam inokudza Jesu ('Isa) semuporofita mutsvene uye amai vake Maria (Mariam) semukadzi mutsvene.
Organizzazione
Iyo Korani yakakamurwa kuita zvitsauko zana negumi nemana zvezvikamu zvakasiyana uye marefu, anozivikanwa sesurah. Surah yega yega inoumbwa nendima, inozivikanwa se ayat (kana ayah). Surah ipfupi ndeyeAl-Kawthar, ine mitsara mitatu chete; chakarebesa ndiAl-Baqara, iine mitsara mazana maviri negumi nematanhatu. Izvo zvitsauko zvinosarudzwa seMeccan kana Medinan, zvichibva nekuti zvakanyorwa pamberi pekushanyira kwaMuhammad kuMecca (Medinan) kana kuti gare gare (Meccan). Iwo maganhuro makumi maviri nemasere eMedinan anonyanya nezve hupenyu hwehukama uye kukura kwenzanga yeMuslim; Iwo maMakanika anotarisana nekutenda uye neupenyu hwapashure.
Iyo Korani yakakamurwawo kuita makumi matatu zvikamu zvakaenzana, kana juz '. Izvi zvikamu zvakarongeka kuitira kuti muverengi agone kudzidza Korani mukati memwedzi. Pakati pemwedzi weRamadan, maMuslim vanokurudzirwa kuti vapedze kuverenga kamwe chete kweKurani kubva pabutiro kusvika pabutiro. Ajiza (yakawanda yejuz ') inoshanda senzira yekupedza iro basa.
Madingindira eQuran akapindirana mukati mezvitsauko zvese kwete pane zvinoteedzana zvichiteerana. Vaverengi vanogona kushandisa concordance - indekisi inonyora mashandisirwo ezwi rimwe nerimwe muQur'an - kutsvaga mamwe madingindira kana misoro.
Zvisikwa zvichienderana neQuran
Kunyangwe nyaya yekusika muKorani ichiti "Allah akasika matenga nenyika, nezvose zviri pakati pazvo, mumazuva matanhatu", izwi reArabic "yawm" ("zuva") rinogona kushandurwa zvirinani se "nguva ". Yawm inotsanangurwa sehurefu hwakasiyana panguva dzakasiyana. Vaviri vekutanga, Adam naHawa, vanoonekwa sevabereki verudzi rwevanhu: Adam muporofita wechiIslam nemukadzi wake Hawa kana Hawwa (chiArabic kunaEve) ndivo amai verudzi rwevanhu.
Vakadzi muKoran
Kunge zvimwe zvitendero zvaAbhurahama, mune vakadzi vazhinji muKoran. Imwe chete ndiyo inodaidzwa zvakajeka: Mariam. Mariam ndiamai vaJesu, anova iye muporofita pakutenda kwechiMuslim. Vamwe vakadzi vanotaurwa asi vasina kudomwa mazita vanosanganisira madzimai aAbhurahama (Sara, Hajar) naAsiya (Bithiah muHadith), mudzimai waFarao, amai vaamai vaMosesi.
Korani neTestamente Itsva
Iyo Korani hairambe chiKristu kana chiJuda, asi inoreva maKristu se "vanhu vebhuku", kureva kuti, vanhu vakagamuchira uye vanotenda mune zvakazarurwa zvevaporofita vaMwari. Ndima idzi dzinoburitsa pfungwa dzakafanana pakati pevaKristu VaMuslim, asi vanoona Jesu semuporofita, kwete mwari, uye vanoyambira maKristu kuti kunamata Kristu samwari kuri kutsvetera mukunamata vanamwari vazhinji: VaMuslim vanoona Allah saiye Mwari wechokwadi chete.
"Zvirokwazvo avo vanotenda uye avo vari maJuda, maChristu nemaSabi - chero munhu anotenda muna Mwari uye nezuva rekupedzisira uye anoita zvakanaka, achagamuchira mubairo wavo kubva kuna Tenzi wavo. Uye hakuzovi nekutya kwavari, kana kuchema "(2:62, 5:69 nedzimwe ndima zhinji).
Mariya naJesu
Mariam, sekudanwa kunzi amai vaJesu Kristu muQurani, mukadzi akarurama ari iye ega: chitsauko 19 cheKorani chakanzi Chitsauko chaMariya uye chinotsanangura chitauro cheMuslim chekwakanakisisa kubata kwaKristu.
Jesu anonzi 'Isa muKorani, uye nyaya zhinji dzinowanikwa muTestamente Itsva dziriwo muQurani, kusanganisira idzo nyaya dzekuzvarwa kwake kunoshamisa, dzidziso dzake, nezvishamiso zvaakaita. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti muQuran Jesu muporofita akatumwa naMwari, kwete nemwanakomana wake.
Kuenda pamwe mupasi: hurukuro yekunamata
Juz '7 yeKoran yakatsaurirwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kutaurirana kwechitendero. Ipo Abraham nevamwe vaporofita vachikurudzira vanhu kuti vave nekutenda uye vasiye zvifananidzo zvisiri izvo, Korani inobvunza vatendi kuti vatsungirire kurambwa kweIslam nevasiri vatendi uye kuti vasazvitore ivo pachavo.
“Asi dai Allah aida, vangadai vasina kubatana. "Uye isu hatina kukugadzwa pavari semuchengeti, kana iwe, kana uri maneja wavo." (6: 107)
mhirizhonga
Vatsoropodzi vemazuva ano veIslam vanoti Korani inokurudzira hugandanga. Kunyangwe yakanyorwa panguva yemhirizhonga yakajairika uye kutsiva panguva yekutongwa, Korani inokurudzira ruramisiro, runyararo uye muyero. Inokurudzira zvakajeka vatendi kuti vadzivise kuwira mumhirizhonga yemapoka, mhirizhonga kuhama.
“Kana vari avo vanokamura chitendero chavo uye vachizvipatsanura kuita mapoka, iwe hauna chikamu mairi. Hukama hwavo huri naAllah; pakupedzisira achavaudza chokwadi chezvose zvavakaita. " (6: 159)
Mutauro wechiArabhu weKoran
Zvinyorwa zveArabic zveArabic Korani yepakutanga zvakafanana uye hazvina kuchinja kubva pazvakaburitswa muzana ramakore rechinomwe AD. Vanosvika zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvevaMuslim munyika havataure chiArabic serurimi rwaamai, uye kune shanduro zhinji dzeQurani dzinowanikwa muChirungu nemimwe mitauro. . Nekudaro, kudzokorora minyengetero uye kuverenga zvitsauko uye ndima muKorani, maMuslim vanoshandisa chiArabic kutora chikamu sechikamu chekutenda kwavo kwakagovaniswa.
Kuverenga uye kuita
Muporofita Muhammad akaraira vateveri vake kuti "vashongedze Korani nemanzwi enyu" (Abu Dawud). Kudzokorora kweQuran muboka chinhu chakajairika, uye kunyatsoita uye kunakidza kubatanidzwa ndiyo imwe nzira iyo vateveri vanochengeta nekugovana meseji yayo.
Nepo shanduro zhinji dzeChirungu dzeQurani dziine zvinyorwa zvemuzasi, dzimwe ndima dzinogona kuda kumwezve kutsanangudzwa kana kuiswa mune yakazara mamiriro. Kana zvichidikanwa, vadzidzi vanoshandisa Tafseer, chirevo kana chitauro, kupa rumwe ruzivo.