Tinogona here kuwana nzira yedu kuna Mwari?

Kutsvaga mhinduro kumibvunzo mikuru kwakatungamira vanhu kuti vavandudze dzidziso uye mazano nezvehunhu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Metaphysics chikamu chehunyanzvi icho chinobata nezvisingaenzaniswi pfungwa senge zvazvinoreva kuva, kuziva chinhu uye chii chinoumba kuzivikanwa.

Dzimwe pfungwa dzakauya pamwechete kuti dzigadzire nyika maonero anowana mukurumbira uye anozviratidza mukirasi, mune hunyanzvi, mumimhanzi uye mumakakatanwa ezvechitendero. Imwe yemafambiro akadaro akawana traction muzana ramakore re19th raive iro transcendentalist kufamba.

Iwo misimboti yakakosha yefilosofi iyi yaive yekuti huMwari huri mune zvese zvakasikwa uye hunhu, uye hwakasimbisa kuenderera mberi kwekuona nguva. Kumwe kwekufamba kukuru kwenyanzvi kwezana ramakore kwakawana mavambo avo mune ino filosofi kufamba. Transcendentalism isangano rinotsanangurwa nekutarisa pasirese pasirese, kusimbisa kuzvimirira, uye maonero akajeka pamusoro pehunhu hwevanhu.

Nepo paine kumwe kuwirirana nehunhu hwechiKristu uye hunyanzvi hwesangano iri hwapa kukosha kune hunyanzvi, hunhu hwayo hwekuMabvazuva uye maonero akashatirwa zvinoreva kuti dzakawanda pfungwa dziri mukufamba hadzienderani neBhaibheri.

Chii chinonzi transcendentalism?
Iko kufamba kwevatenderi kwakatanga nemoyo wese sechikoro chekufunga muCambridge, Massachusetts, seuzivi hwakanangana nehukama hwemunhu naMwari kuburikidza nepanyika; iri hukama hwepedyo uye yakadhonza mamwe emafungiro ayo kubva mukuenderera kwerudo kufamba muEurope. Boka diki revafungi rakaumba iyo Transcendental Club muna 1836 ndokuisa hwaro hwesangano.

Varume ava vaisanganisira maUnit Ministers George Putnam naFrederic Henry Hedge, pamwe nanyanduri Ralph Waldo Emerson. Yakatarisa kune mumwe munhu anowana Mwari munzira yavo, kuburikidza nemasikirwo uye runako. Paive nekutumbuka kwehunyanzvi uye zvinyorwa; mamiriro ekupenda uye nhetembo dzekunze dzakatsanangura iyo nguva.

Aya ma transcendentalists vaitenda kuti munhu wega wega aive nani pane mashoma mashoma masisitimu aipindira munhu wechisikigo. Kana munhu achizviriritira zvakanyanya achibva kuhurumende, masangano, masangano ezvechitendero kana zvematongerwo enyika, inhengo iri nani yenharaunda inogona kuve iri nani. Mukati meiyo yakasarudzika, pakange paine zvakare pfungwa yaEmerson yeMweya-Wakare, pfungwa yekuti vanhu vese chikamu chemunhu.

Vazhinji vanopfuura transendendisiti vaitendawo kuti vanhu vanogona kuwana utopia, nzanga yakakwana. Vamwe vaitenda kuti nzira yemagariro ingagone kuita kuti chiroto ichi chizadzike, nepo vamwe vaitenda kuti nzanga yekusazvibata inogona kudaro. Ose ari maviri aive akavakirwa pane fungidziro yekutenda kuti vanhu vanowanzo kuve vakanaka. Kuchengetedza runako rwechisikigo, senge kumaruwa nemasango, kwaive kwakakosha kune vekunze sezvo maguta nemaindasitiri akawedzera. Kunze kwekushanya kwevashanyi kwakawedzera mukuzivikanwa uye pfungwa yekuti munhu aigona kuwana Mwari mukunaka kwechisikigo yaive yakakurumbira.

Nhengo zhinji dzekirabhu dzaive maA-Listers ezuva ravo; vanyori, vadetembi, vakadzi nevakangwara vakagamuchira zvido zvesangano. Henry David Thoreau naMargaret Fuller vakagamuchira kufamba. Vakadzi vadiki munyori Louisa May Alcott akagamuchira zita reTranscendentalism, achitevera tsoka dzevabereki vake uye mudetembi Amos Alcott. Yuniti yenziyo munyori Samuel Longfellow akagamuchira fungu rechipiri reiyi uzivi gare gare muzana ramakore rechi19.

Iyi uzivi inofungei nezvaMwari?
Nekuti transcendentalists vakagamuchira vakasununguka kufunga uye kufunga kwega, pakanga pasina kubatanidza kufunga nezvaMwari.Sezvo zvinoratidzwa nerondedzero yevakakurumbira vafungi, akasiyana manhamba aive nemafungiro akasiyana nezvaMwari.

Imwe yenzira dzinobvumiranwa nevatenderi vemakereke nemaPurotesitendi kutenda kwavo kuti munhu haadi murevereri kuti ataure kuna Mwari.Mumwe wemakakatanwa akakosha pakati pekereke yeKaturike neve Reformation ndiwo haubvumirani kuti mushumiri anodikanwa kuti areverere panzvimbo pevatadzi kuti varegererwe zvivi. Zvakadaro, kufamba uku kwakaenderera mberi nepfungwa iyi, nevatendi vazhinji kuti chechi, vafundisi, nevamwe vatungamiriri vezvitendero vezvimwe zvitendero vanogona kutadzisa, panzvimbo pekusimudzira, kunzwisisa kana Mwari.Nepo vamwe vafungi vaidzidza vega Bhaibheri, vamwe vakariramba. kune izvo zvavaigona kuwana mune zvakasikwa.

Iyi nzira yekufunga inowirirana chaizvo neChechi yeUunitari, ichikweva zvakanyanya pairi.

Sezvo Chechi yeUnitarian yakawedzera kubva mubato reTranscendentalist, zvakakosha kuti vanzwisise zvavaitenda pamusoro paMwari muAmerica panguva iyoyo. Imwe yedzidziso dzakakosha dzeUunitarianism, uye nhengo zhinji dzezvitendero zveTranscendentalists, yaive yekuti Mwari ndeumwe, kwete Utatu. Jesu Kristu ndiye Muponesi, asi akafuridzirwa naMwari kwete Mwanakomana - Mwari wenyama. Pfungwa iyi inopesana nezvinotaurwa nebhaibheri nezvehunhu hwaMwari; "Pakutanga Shoko rakanga riripo, uye Shoko rakanga riri kuna Mwari, uye Shoko rakanga riri Mwari. Pakutanga akanga ana Mwari. Zvinhu zvose zvakaitwa kubudikidza naye, uye kunze kwake hakuna kusikwa chinhu zvaitwa. 4 Maari maiva neupenyu, uye upenyu hwaiva chiedza chevanhu. Chiedza chinovhenekera murima uye rima harina kuchikunda ”(Johane 1: 1-5).

Zvinopesana zvakare nezvakataurwa naJesu Kristu pamusoro pake paakazvipa zita rekuti “NDINI” munaJohane 8, kana paakati, "Ini naBaba tiri vamwe" (Johane 10:30). Kereke yeUnitarian inoramba zvirevo izvi sekufananidzira. Paivewo nekurambwa kwekutadza kweBhaibheri. Nekuda kwekutenda kwavo mune fungidziro, maUniaries enguva iyoyo, pamwe neTranscendentalists, vakaramba pfungwa yechivi chekutanga, kunyangwe hazvo zviri munaGenesi 3.

Ivo ve transcendentalists vakasanganisa idzi dzidziso dzakabatana nefilosofi yekuEastern. Emerson akafuridzirwa nerudzi rwechiHindu Bhagavat Geeta. Nhetembo dzeAsia dzakaburitswa mumagazini e transcendentalist uye zvakafanana zvinyorwa Kufungisisa uye pfungwa dzakadai sekarma dzave chikamu chekufamba kwenguva. Kutarisisa kwaMwari kune zvakasikwa kwakafemerwa pamwe neiyi yekufarira nechitendero chekuEastern.

Transcendentalism ndeyebhaibheri here?
Kunyangwe paine simba rekuEastern, maTranscendentalists havana kukanganisa zvachose kuti zvakasikwa zvinoratidza Mwari.Mupostora Pauro akanyora kuti: "Nezve zvisingaonekwe zvake, ndiko kuti, simba rake risingagumi nehunhu hwake, zvave pachena zvinonzwisiswa, kubva pakusikwa kwenyika, muzvinhu zvakaitwa. Saka handina chikonzero ”(VaRoma 1:20). Hazvina kuipa kutaura kuti munhu anogona kuona Mwari mune zvakasikwa, asi munhu haafanire kumunamata, uye haafanire kuve iye chete sosi yekuziva Mwari.

Nepo vamwe vatenderi vezvitendero vaitenda kuti ruponeso kubva kuna Jesu Kristu rwaikosha kuruponeso, havazi vese vakaita. Nekufamba kwenguva, huzivi uhu hwakatanga kugamuchira kutenda kwekuti vanhu vakanaka vanogona kuenda Kudenga, kana vakatenda nemoyo wese chitendero chinovakurudzira kuti vave netsika dzakanaka. Zvisinei, Jesu akati: “Ndini nzira, nezvokwadi, noupenyu; Hapana anouya kuna Baba asi nokwandiri ”(Johane 14: 6). Iyo chete nzira yekuponeswa kubva kuzvivi uye kuve naMwari mukusingaperi Kudenga iri kuburikidza naJesu Kristu.

Vanhu vakanaka chaizvo here?
Imwe yekutenda kwakakosha kweTranscendentalism iri mukunaka kwemunhu, kuti anogona kukunda hunhu hwake hwakanyanya, uye kuti hunhu hunogona kukwaniswa nekufamba kwenguva. Kana vanhu vane hunhu hwakanaka, kana vanhu pamwe chete vachigona kubvisa zvinokonzeresa huipi - kungave kushayikwa kwedzidzo, kudiwa kwemari kana rimwe dambudziko - vanhu vanozozvibata zvakanaka uye nzanga inogona kukwana. Bhaibheri haritsigire dzidziso iyi.

Ndima pamusoro pehunhu hwevanhu hunosanganisira:

- VaRoma 3:23 "nekuti vese vakatadza vakasasvika pakubwinya kwaMwari".

- Varoma 3: 10-12 “sezvazvakanyorwa zvichinzi:“ Hakuna wakarurama, kwete kunyange neumwe; hapana anonzwisisa; Hakuna munhu anotsvaka Mwari, uye vanhu vose vatendeuka; pamwechete vakava vasina maturo; Hakuna anoita zvakanaka, kunyange nomumwe. "

- Muparidzi 7:20 "Zvirokwazvo hapana munhu akarurama panyika, anoita zvakanaka, asingatadzi."

- Isaya 53: 6 “Isu tose takanga takarasika samakwai; tataura - mumwe nemumwe - nenzira yake; uye Ishe vakaisa pamusoro pake kuipa kwedu tose ”.

Kunyangwe kurudziro yehunyanzvi yakauya kubva musangano, maTranscendentalists havana kunzwisisa zvakaipa zvemoyo wemunhu. Nekuburitsa vanhu sevakanaka zvakasikwa uye kuti huipi hunokura mumoyo wemunhu nekuda kwechimiro cheicho uye nekudaro chinogona kugadziriswa nevanhu, zvinoita kuti Mwari awedzere kutungamira kambasi yekunaka pane iko kunobva hunhu neruregerero.

Nepo dzidziso yechitendero ye transcendentalism isina mucherechedzo wedzidziso yakakosha yechiKristu, inokurudzira vanhu kuti vapedze nguva vachifunga maratidzirwo anoitwa Mwari munyika, kunakidzwa nemasikirwo, uye kutsvaga hunyanzvi uye runako. Izvi zvinhu zvakanaka uye, "... chipi zvacho chiri chechokwadi, chero chinhu chakanaka, chipi zvacho chakarurama, chero chinhu chakachena, chero chinhu chinodiwa, chero chinhu chinoyemurika - chingave chinhu chakanakisa kana chinorumbidzwa - funga nezve izvi zvinhu ”(VaFiripi 4: 8).

Hazvina kuipa kutevera hunyanzvi, kunakidzwa nemasikirwo uye kutsvaga kuziva Mwari nenzira dzakasiyana. Pfungwa nyowani dzinofanirwa kuyedzwa zvichipesana neShoko raMwari uye kwete kugamuchirwa nekuda kwekuti zvitsva. Transcendentalism yakaumba zana ramakore mutsika dzeAmerica uye ikaburitsa zviuru zvemabasa oumhizha, asi yakaedza kubatsira munhu kudarika kudiwa kwavo kweMuponesi uye pakupedzisira haitsivi hukama hwechokwadi. naJesu Kristu.