Maonero echiBuddha pane gakava rekubvisa nhumbu
United States yakatambura nenyaya yekubvisa nhumbu kwemakore akawanda isina kusvika pakutenderana. Isu tinoda maonero matsva, iwo maBuddha maonero enyaya yekubvisa nhumbu anogona kuapa.
ChiBuddha chinotarisa kubvisa nhumbu sekutora kwehupenyu hwemunhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, maBuddhist anowanzozeza kupindira mumunhu sarudzo yemukadzi yekubvisa nhumbu. ChiBhudha chinogona kuodza mwoyo kubvisa nhumbu, asi zvakare chinodzikisira kuiswa kwemhedziso dzetsika dzakaomesesa.
Izvi zvinogona kuratidzika kupokana. Mutsika medu, vazhinji vanofunga kuti kana chimwe chinhu chisina tsika chinofanira kurambidzwa. Nekudaro, maonero emaBhudha ndeekuti kunyatsotevedzera nemitemo hazvisi izvo zvinotiita mutsika. Zvakare, kuisirwa kwemitemo yekuremekedza kazhinji kunogadzira seti nyowani yekukanganisa kwetsika.
Zvakadii nekodzero?
Kutanga, maonero echiBhudha nezvekubvisa nhumbu haabatanidze pfungwa yekodzero, kana "kodzero yehupenyu" kana "kodzero yemuviri wake". Muchikamu ichi nekuda kwekuti Buddhism chinamato chekare kwazvo uye pfungwa yekodzero dzevanhu ichangopfuura. Nekudaro, kurwisa kubvisa pamuviri senzira iri nyore ye "kodzero" hakuite sekutitungamira kwese uko.
"Kodzero" dzinotsanangurwa naStanford Encyclopedia yePhilosofi se "kodzero (kwete) dzekuita zviito kana kuve mune mamwe matunhu, kana kodzero idzo vamwe (kwete) dzavanoita zviito kana kuve mune dzimwe nyika". Mumusoro uno, kodzero inova yakahwina kadhi iyo, kana ikaridzwa, inobata ruoko uye yakavhara chero kufunga nezve dambudziko. Nekudaro, vanoita zvemitemo vanorambidza uye kubvisa mutemo wepamutemo vanotenda kuti kadhi ravo rekukunda rinorova mumwe mukadhi rekukunda. Saka hapana chinogadziriswa.
Hupenyu hunotanga rini?
Masayendisiti anotiudza kuti hupenyu hwakatanga papasi rino makore anosvika zviuru zvina zvemakore apfuura uye kubvira ipapo hupenyu hwakazviratidza mune dzakasiyana siyana kupfuura kuverenga. Asi hapana akazvicherekedza "pakutanga". Isu vapenyu zvipenyu zvinoratidza maitiro asina kuvhiringidzika ayo akagara kwamabhiriyoni mana emakore, achiuya kana. Kwandiri "Hupenyu hunotanga rinhi?" iwo mubvunzo usingatauri.
Uye kana iwe uchizvinzwisisa iwe semhedzisiro yehurongwa hwemabhiriyoni mana emakore, saka kubata pamuviri kwakanyanya kukosha here kupfuura panguva apo sekuru vako vakasangana nambuya vako? Pane chinguva here mumakore iwayo emabhiriyoni mana anogona kupatsanurwa kubva pane dzimwe nguva dzese uye ma cellular coupling uye zvikamu kubva kuma macromolecule ekutanga kusvika pakutanga kwehupenyu, uchifunga kuti hupenyu hwakatanga?
Unogona kubvunza kuti: Ko nezveomweya wega? Imwe yedzidziso dzakanyanya kukosha, dzakanyanya uye dzakaomesesa dzeBuddhist ndeye anatman kana anatta - hapana mweya. ChiBuddhism chinodzidzisa kuti miviri yedu yemuviri haina chigaro neakazvimirira uye kuti kuramba tichizviona takaparadzaniswa nezvimwe zvakasikwa inhema.
Nzwisisa kuti ichi hachisi dzidziso yekusavimbika. Buddha akadzidzisa kuti kana isu tichigona kuona kuburikidza nekunyepedzera kweumwe mudiki munhu, tinoziva "isina" isina "isina" iyo isiri yekuzvarwa nekufa.
Chii chinonzi Wega?
Kutonga kwedu pazvinhu zvinotsamira pakubata kwatinoita. Mune yeWestern tsika, isu tinoreva vanhu vamwe vanhu sevanhu vanozvimirira. Zvitendero zvakawanda zvinodzidzisa kuti aya mauto anoshanda ega anodyarwa nemweya.
Zvinoenderana nedzidziso yaAnatman, izvo zvatinofunga nezvazvo se "yedu" chisikwa chenguva pfupi che skandhas. Skandhas hunhu - chimiro, pfungwa, kuziva, kusarura, kuziva - izvo zvinouya pamwechete kugadzira chisikwa chakasiyana chemunhu kurarama.
Sezvo pasina mweya wekutamisa kubva kune mumwe muviri uchienda kune mumwe, hapana "kuberekwa patsva" mupfungwa yakajairwa yeshoko. Kuberekwazve kunoitika apo karma yakagadzirwa neyavo yakapfuura hupenyu ichipfuura kune humwe hupenyu. Zvikoro zvizhinji zveBuddhist zvinodzidzisa kuti kubata pamuviri ndiko kutanga kwekuzvarwa patsva uye nekudaro chiratidzo chekutanga kwehupenyu hwemunhu.
Chirevo chekutanga
Chirevo chekutanga cheBuddhism chinowanzo shandurwa "Ini ndinopika kuramba kuramba kuparadza hupenyu". Zvimwe zvikoro zveBuddhist zvinoita mutsauko pakati pehupenyu hwemhuka neyezvidyarwa, vamwe havadaro. Kunyangwe hupenyu hwevanhu hwakanyanya kukosha, iwo mutemo unotinyevera kuti tirege kutora hupenyu mune chero zvakaratidzwa zvisingaverengeki.
Tataura izvozvo, hapana mubvunzo kuti kupedza nhumbu inyaya yakakomba. Kubvisa nhumbu kunoonekwa sekutora hupenyu hwomunhu uye kunoodzwa mwoyo zvakanyanya nedzidziso dzaBhudha.
ChiBuddha chinotidzidzisa kuti tisamanikidza isu kufunga vamwe uye kunzwira tsitsi avo vanotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kunyangwe dzimwe nyika dzinowanzove dzechiBhudha, dzakadai seThailand, dzichirambidza zviri pamutemo kurambidza kubvisa pamuviri, maBuddha mazhinji haafunge kuti hurumende inofanira kupindira munhau dzehana.
Maitiro echiBhudha kune tsika
ChiBuddhism hachiswedzere mutsika nekugovera mhedziso mitezo inoteedzerwa mumamiriro ese ezvinhu. Panzvimbo pezvo, inopa nhungamiro yekutibatsira kuona kuti zvatinoita zvinobata sei isu nevamwe. Iyo karma yatinogadzira nemifungo yedu, mazwi nezviito zvinoita kuti tirambe tichikonzera uye nemhedzisiro. Naizvozvo, tinotora mutoro kune zvatinoita uye mhedzisiro yezviito zvedu. Kunyangwe izvo zvakatemwa haisi mirairo, asi nheyo, uye zviri kwatiri kusarudza kuti tingaite sei izvi nheyo kuhupenyu hwedu.
Karma Lekshe Tsomo, purofesa wezvechitendero uye mukuru wesangano revaTibetan Buddhist, anotsanangura kuti:
"Hakuna mhedzisiro mutsika muBuddha uye zvinozivikanwa kuti kusarudza zvine hukama kunosanganisira kubatanidza kune zvakakonzera zvikonzero nemamiriro ezvinhu. "ChiBuddha" chinosanganisira kuwanda kwezvibvumirano nezvitendero uye magwaro ezvinyorwa zvinovharira nzvimbo yakati wandei yedudziro. Zvese izvi zvinovakirwa pane dzidziso yekuda uye vanhu vamwe vanokurudzirwa kuti vanyatsoongorora nyaya ivo pachavo ... Kana vachiita sarudzo dzakanaka, vanhu vanotyorwa kuti vaongorore kukurudzira kwavo - kungave kushora, kubatana, kusaziva, huchenjeri kana tsitsi - uye yerenga mhedzisiro yezvavakaita zvichienderana nedzidziso dzaBuddha. "
Chii chakakanganisika nemhedziso dzetsika?
Tsika yedu inoshamisira kukoshesa chinhu chinonzi "kujekesa tsika". Kujeka kwetsika hakuwanzo kutsanangurwa, asi kunogona zvakare kureva kusava nehanya nezvinhu zvakashata zvezvinhu zvakaoma zvetsika kuti mitemo iri nyore uye yakaoma isashandiswe mukuzvipedza. Kana iwe ukafungisisa zvese zvikamu zve dambudziko, iwe unenjodzi yekusajeka.
Vavhenekeri vanovhenekera rudo rwekudzokorora zvinetswa zvese zvine tsika kuita zvisiri nyore equations yezvakanaka nezvakaipa, zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Iko kunofungidzirwa kuti dambudziko rinogona kungove nezvikamu zviviri uye kuti chikamu chimwe chinofanira kunge chakanyatsoitika uye chikamu chikamu chakatadza. Dambudziko rakaomarara rinorerutswa, rakareruka uye rakatorwa kwezvinhu zvese zvinonzwisisika kuti zvishongedze ivo "kurudyi" uye "zvisizvo" mabhokisi.
Kune Buddhist, iyi isiri nzira isina kuvimbika uye isina mutsa yekusvika mutsika.
Panyaya yekubvisa nhumbu, vanhu vakatora chikamu vanowanzo vadzinga kunetseka kwemumwe munhu mubato zvisizvo. Semuenzaniso, mune akawanda anopikisa kubvisa-vakadzi vakadzi vanobvisa nhumbu vanoratidzwa sevane udyire kana vasina hanya, kana dzimwe nguva kungove pachena zvakaipa. Zvinetso chaizvo izvo iyo nhumbu isingadiwe inogona kuunza kuhupenyu hwemukadzi haizivikanwe nokutendeseka. Moralists dzimwe nguva anokurukura maumbure, nhumbu uye kubvisa nhumbu pasina kutaura vakadzi zvachose. Panguva imwecheteyo, avo vanofarira kubvisa zviri pamutemo dzimwe nguva vanotadza kuziva hunhu hwe fetus.
Zvibereko zvekusasimudzira
Kunyangwe Buddhism ichiramba simba kubvisa nhumbu, isu tinoona kuti kupara mhosva kubvisa nhumbu kunounza kutambudzika kwakawanda. Alan Guttmacher Institute inonyora kuti mhosva yekubvisa nhumbu haimire kana kuidzora. Pane kudaro, kubvisa pamuviri kunoenda pasi pevhu uye kunoitwa mumamiriro asina kuchengetedzeka.
Mukupererwa, vakadzi vano pfuura zvisina tsvina maitiro. Ivo vanonwa bleach kana turpentine, vanozvibaya vamene nematanda uye hanger uye kunyange kusvetuka kubva pamatenga madziro. Pasi rese, maitiro asina kurongeka ekubvisa nhumbu anoguma nekufa kweanosvika makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu evakadzi pagore, kunyanya munyika dzinobvisa kubvisa mimba zvisiri pamutemo.
Avo vane "kujekerwa mutsika" vanogona kushaya hanya nekutambura uku. MuBhudha haagoni. Mubhuku rake The Mind of Clover: Essays in Zen Buddhist Ethics, Robert Aitken Roshi akati (p.17): "Chinzvimbo chakazara, kana chakasarudzika, chinosiya zvachose nhoroondo dzevanhu. Doctrines, kusanganisira Buddhism, yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa. yeavo vanozviuraya ivo, nekuti ipapo vanoshandisa isu ”.
Maitiro echiBuddha
Chibvumirano chinenge chakabatana pakati petsika dzechiBhudha dzekuti nzira yakanakisa kunyaya yekubvisa nhumbu ndeyekudzidzisa vanhu nezvekuzvara uye kuvakurudzira kuti vashandise mishonga yekuzvidzivirira. Kunze kwaizvozvo, sokunyora kunoita Karma Lekshe Tsomo,
"" Mukupedzisira, maBhudha mazhinji anoona kusawirirana kuripo pakati pedzidziso uye tsika chaiyo uye, kunyange vasingaregerere kutora hupenyu, vanotsigira kunzwisisa uye tsitsi kune zvese zvipenyu, mutsa une rudo usingaripi. vanotonga uye vanoremekedza kodzero uye rusununguko rwevanhu kuti vaite sarudzo yavo ".