Nyaya yezuva: "hapana nyaya yemunhu"

“Nyaya yaHapana munhu inyaya yezvikwata uye zvinhanho zvepasi. Vanoenda kundorwa; vane chikamu chavo mukukunda; vanowira pasi; hapana kana zita ravanosiya kunze kwemisa. " Iyo nyaya yakaburitswa muna 1853, iri muna Charles Dickens 'Dzimwe Pfupi Nhau dzeKisimusi.

Aigara pamahombekombe erwizi rukuru, rwakafara uye rwakadzika, iyo yaigara ichiyerera chinyararire yakananga kugungwa hombe risingazivikanwe. Yakanga ichienderera mberi kubva pakutanga kwenyika. Dzimwe nguva yainge yashandura mafambiro uye ichichinja kuita matsva, ichisiya nzira dzayo dzekare dzakaoma uye dzisina chinhu; asi yaive yagara iri pakuyerera, uye yaifanira kugara ichiyerera kusvika Nguva yapfuura. Kurwisana nekuyerera kwayo kwakasimba uye kusinganzwisisiki, hapana chakaonekwa. Hakuna chisikwa chipenyu, hapana ruva, hapana shizha, hapana chidimbu chehupenyu kana husina hupenyu, chakambobuda mugungwa risingazivikanwe. Mafungu erwizi akasvika pasina kudzivisa; uye mafungu haana kumbomira, sekungomira kwakaita nyika mudenderedzwa rayo rakatenderedza zuva.

Aigara munzvimbo yakabatikana uye aishanda nesimba kuti awane raramo. Akanga asina tariro yekuve akapfuma zvakakwana kuti agare mwedzi pasina kushanda nesimba, asi aifara zvakakwana, MWARI anoziva, kushanda neanofara kuda. Aive chikamu chemhuri yakakura, yaive nevanakomana nevanasikana vaiwana chingwa chavo chezuva nezuva kubva kubasa rezuva nezuva, iro raitora kubva panguva yavakasimuka kusvika pakurara husiku. Kunze kweizvi, akange asina tarisiro, uye haana chaakatsvaga.

Munharaunda maaigara, maive nemadhiramu akawandisa, mabhosvo uye hurukuro; asi yakanga isina chekuita nazvo. Kukakavara kwakadai uye nyonganiso yakabva kumhuri yeBigwig, nekuda kwenzvimbo dzisingatsanangurike dzerudzi rwupi, akashamisika zvikuru. Vakaisa zvifananidzo zvinoshamisa, mune simbi, machena, ndarira nendarira, pamberi pesuo rake; akavhara imba yake nemakumbo nemiswe yemifananidzo isina kuchena yemabhiza. Akazvibvunza kuti izvi zvese zvairevei, akanyemwerera nenzira yakashata yekuseka kwakanaka kwaaive nako uye akaramba achishanda nesimba.

Mhuri yaBigwig (inoumbwa nevanhu vese vane mbiri munzvimbo iyi, uye neruzha rwevose) vaive vaita zano rekumuponesa dambudziko rekuzvifunga iye nekumubata iye nenyaya dzake. "Nekuti chaizvo," akadaro, "ndine nguva shoma inowanikwa; uye kana iwe wakakwanira kundichengeta, mukutsinhana nemari yandichabhadhara "- nekuti mhuri yaBigwig yakanga isiri nani pane yake mari -" Ndichazorodzwa uye ndinotenda zvikuru, ndichifunga kuti unoziva zvirinani. " Nekudaro kurira kwengoma, hwamanda nekutaura uye mifananidzo yakaipa yemabhiza ayo aitarisirwa kudonha nekunamata.

"Handisi kunzwisisa zvese izvi," akadaro, achivhiringika achipuruzira pahuma yake. "Asi zvine zvazvinoreva, zvimwe, dai ndaigona kuziva."

"Zvinoreva," mhuri yekwaBigwig yakapindura, ichifungidzira chimwe chinhu chezvavainge vataura, "kukudzwa nekubwinya munzvimbo yepamusoro-soro."

"Ah!" Akati. Uye akafara kuzvinzwa.

Asi paakatarisa kuburikidza nesimbi, machena, ndarira nemifananidzo yendarira, haana kuwana murume anokudzwa, aimbove mwanakomana wemutengesi weWarwickshire, kana chero munhu akadaro. Haana kuwana chero wevarume vane ruzivo rwakanga rwamuponesa iye nevana vake kubva pachirwere chinotyisa uye chinoshatisa, avo kushinga kwavo kwakasimudza madzitateguru avo kubva pachinzvimbo chevaranda, vane fungidziro yehungwaru yakavhura hupenyu hutsva nehurefu kune vanozvininipisa. , Hunyanzvi hwaakange azadza nyika yemushandi nezvishamiso zvakaunganidzwa. Pane kudaro, akawana vamwe vaaisaziva nezvake, uyezve vamwe vaaiziva zvisirizvo kwazvo nezvavo.

"Humph!" Akati. "Handisi kuzvinzwisisa zvakanaka."

Nekudaro, akaenda kumba ndokunogara padyo nechoto kuti abudise mupfungwa dzake.

Zvino, choto chake chaive chakashama, zvese zvakakomberedzwa nemigwagwa yakasviba; asi kwaari yaive nzvimbo yakakosha. Maoko emukadzi wake aive akaomarara kubva kubasa, uye akange achembera nguva yake isati yakwana; asi iye waimuda kwazvo. Vana vake, vakadzedzereka mukukura kwavo, vakave nematanho edzidzo yakaipa; asi iwo akanga ane runako pamberi pameso ake. Pamusoro pazvose, chaive chishuwo chechokwadi chemweya wemurume uyu kuti vana vake vadzidziswe. "Kana ini dzimwe nguva ndichitsauswa," akadaro, "kuburikidza nekushaikwa kwezivo, zvirinani kuti azive uye dzivirira zvikanganiso zvangu. "Kana zvakandiomera kukohwa goho remafaro nedzidzo zvakachengetwa mumabhuku, ngazvive nyore kwavari."

Asi mhuri yaBigwig yakatanga mumakakatanwa emhuri ane mhirizhonga pamusoro pezvaitenderwa kudzidzisa vana vemurume uyu. Vamwe vemhuri vakasimbirira kuti chinhu chakadai chive chekutanga uye chakakosha pamusoro pezvose; uye vamwe vemhuri vakasimbirira kuti chimwe chinhu senge ichi chaive chekutanga uye chakakosha kupfuura zvimwe zvese; uye mhuri yekwaBigwig, yakakamurwa kuita mapoka, vakanyora mapepa, vakaita masamanisi, vakapomera, minamato uye marudzi ese ekutaura; kubiwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mumatare epasirese uye echechi; vakakanda pasi, vakapanana zvibhakera uye vakawira pamwe nenzeve mukusanzwisisika kuvengana. Zvichakadaro, murume uyu, mumanheru ake mapfupi nemoto, akaona dhimoni reIgnorance richisimuka ipapo ndokuzvitorera vana vake. Akaona mwanasikana wake achinja kuita huremu hunorema, husimbe; akaona mwanakomana wake achishushikana munzira dzehutsika, hutsinye uye mhosva; akaona kupenya kwechiedza chehungwaru mumaziso evana vake kuchinja zvine hungwaru nekufungira kuti angadai akavashuvira mapenzi.

"Handisi kuzvinzwisisa zvirinani," akadaro; “Asi ndinofunga hazvigone. Zvirokwazvo, nekuda kwedenga remakore riri pamusoro pangu, ndinopokana nechinhu ichi sekutadza kwangu.

Kuva nerunyararo zvakare (sezvo chishuwo chake chaiwanzo gara kwenguva pfupi uye hunhu hwake), akatarisa tarisa paSvondo yake uye mazororo, akaona kuwanda kwekushushikana uye kuneta kwaivepo, uye kubva ipapo kudhakwa kwakamuka. nezvayo zvese zvinotevera kupamba. Ipapo akabva akumbira kumhuri yekwaBigwig ndokuti, "Tiri vanhu vanoshanda, uye ndine fungidziro inokatyamadza yekuti vanhu vanoshanda pasi pechero mamiriro akagadzirwa - nenjere dzinopfuura dzako, sekusanzwisisa kwandinoita - kudiwa kwekuzorodzwa kwepfungwa uye kutandara. Ona zvatinowira kana tikazorora tisina izvozvo. Uyai! Nditambe zvisingakuvadzi, ndiratidze chimwe chinhu, ndipe kutiza!

Asi pano mhuri yaBigwig yakawira mumamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa ekunyongana. Apo mamwe manzwi akanzwikwa zvisinganzwisisike achikumbira kwaari kuti amuratidze zvishamiso zvepasi, hukuru hwezvisikwa, shanduko huru yenguva, mashandiro ezvisikwa uye runako rwehunyanzvi - kumuratidza zvinhu izvi, ndokuti, chero nguva yehupenyu hwake maanogona kuvatarisa - kudzvova kwakadai uye kupokana, chikumbiro chakadai, kubvunza uye mhinduro isina kusimba yakamuka pakati pevakomana vakuru - - uko "ini handitye" kumirira "ndingadai" - kuti murombo akashamisika, akatarisa zvakapoterera.

"Ndini ndatsamwisa izvi zvese," akadaro, achiisa maoko ake munzeve nekutya, "nechinofanira kunge chiri chikumbiro chisina mhosva, zviri pachena zvichikonzerwa neruzivo rwemhuri yangu uye neruzivo rwevanhu vese vanosarudza kuvhura maziso avo? Ini handinzwisise uye handinzwisiswe. Chii chichava zvemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro! "

Akange akatsikitsira pamusoro pebasa rake, achiwanzobvunza mubvunzo, apo nhau dzakatanga kutenderera kuti denda raonekwa pakati pevashandi uye richivauraya nezviuru. Achienderera mberi kutarisa-tarisa, akazoona kuti ichokwadi. Vanofa nevakafa vakasangana mudzimba dzakavakidzana nedzakasviba pakati pehupenyu hwake. Uturu hutsva hwaive huchiiswa mumhepo inogara yakasviba uye inogara ichisemesa. Vakasimba nevasina kusimba, kuchembera nehucheche, baba naamai, vese vakabatwa zvakaenzana.

Ndeipi nzira yekutiza yaaive nayo? Akagara ipapo, kwaaive, uye akaona avo vaaida kwazvo vachifa. Mumwe muparidzi ane mutsa akauya kwaari ndokutaura mimwe minamato kuti apfavise moyo wake mukusuwa, asi akapindura achiti

"Zvinobatsirei, mumishinari, kuuya kwandiri, murume akatongerwa kugara munzvimbo ino ine hunhu, uko pfungwa dzese dzandakapihwa nekuda kwekufara kwangu dzinova kutambudzika, uye uko miniti yega yemazuva angu akaverengwa idope idzva rakawedzerwa kumurwi uri pazasi iyo ini ndinorara ndakadzvinyirirwa! Asi ndipe kutarisa kwangu kwekutanga kuDenga, kuburikidza neimwe yechiedza nemhepo; ndipe mvura yakachena; ndibatsirei kuti ndichene; kurerutsa uyu mhepo inorema uye hupenyu hunorema, mune mweya yedu unonyura, uye isu tinova zvisine hanya uye zvisine hanya zvisikwa izvo kazhinji zvaunoona iwe tichiona; zvinyoro nyoro uye zvinyoro-nyoro tinotora miviri yeavo vanofira pakati pedu, kunze kwekamuri diki kwatinokura kuti tizive shanduko inotyisa zvekuti kunyangwe utsvene hwayo hwakarasika kwatiri; uye, Tenzi, ipapo ini ndichateerera - hapana anoziva zviri nani kupfuura iwe, nechido chakadii - cheuyo ane pfungwa dzakanyanya nevarombo, uye ane tsitsi nekurwadziwa kwese kwevanhu! "

Akange adzoka kubasa, akasurukirwa uye akasuruvara, apo Tenzi wake akauya kwaari ndokusvika kwaari akapfeka zvitema. Iyewo aive atambura zvakanyanya. Mudzimai wake mudiki, mudzimai wake akanaka uye akanaka, aive akafa; saizvozvowo mwanakomana wake mumwechete.

“Tenzi, zvinonetsa kutsungirira - ndinoziva - asi munyaradzwe. "Dai ndaikwanisa kukunyaradza."

Tenzi akamutenda nemoyo wese, asi akati kwaari: “O varume vanoshanda! Njodzi yatanga pakati penyu. Dai chete iwe wakararama uine hutano uye wakadzikama, ndingadai ndisiri iye asina hupenyu, chirikadzi kuchema zvandiri nhasi. "

Vachapararira kunzvimbo dziri kure. Vanogara vachiita; vanogara vainawo, kungofanana nedenda. Ndakanzwisisa zvakanyanya, ndinofunga, pakupedzisira. "

Asi Tenzi akatizve: “Imi vashandi! "Kangani isu patinonzwa nezvako, kana zvisiri maererano nechimwe chinetso!"

“Tenzi,” akapindura, “Ini handisi Munhu, uye handifanire kunzwikwa (kana kunyanya kuda kunzwa, pamwe), kunze kwekunge paine rimwe dambudziko. Asi hazvitange neni, uye hazvife zvakapera neni. Chokwadi seRufu, chinouya pasi kwandiri chokwira kwandiri. "

Pakanga paine zvikonzero zvakawanda mune izvo zvaakataura, zvekuti mhuri yekwaBigwig, payakazviziva uye nekutyisidzirwa nekutya nekunonoka dongo, yakafunga kubatana naye mukuita zvakanaka zvinhu - chero zvakadaro, zvisinei hazvo zvinhu zvataurwa zvakabatana nazvo. kudzivirira chaiko, kutaura kwevanhu, kweimwe denda. Asi, apo kutya kwavo kwakanyangarika, izvo zvakakurumidza kutanga kuita, vakatangazve kukakavadzana pamwe chete uye vasina chavakaita. Nekuda kweizvozvo, denda rakaonekwa zvakare - pazasi sepakutanga - uye nekutsiva kwakapararira kumusoro sepakutanga, ndokutakura vakawanda varwi. Asi hapana munhu pakati pavo akambobvuma, kunyangwe kana muchikamu chidiki akambozviona, kuti vane chekuita nazvo zvese.

Saka Hapana munhu akararama uye akafa nenzira yekare, yekare, yekare; uye izvi, mukukosha, ndiyo nyaya izere yaHapana.

Yakanga isina zita, iwe unobvunza? Pamwe aive Legion. Hazvina basa kuti zita rake ndiani. Ngatizvidaidzei kuti Rigiyoni.

Kana iwe wakambove mumisha yeBelgian padyo nemunda weWaterloo, iwe uchave waona, mune imwe chechi yakanyarara, chivakwa chakavakwa nema comrade akavimbika mumaoko kuyeuka Colonel A, Major B, maCaptain C, D naE, maLieutenants F naG, Ensigns H, I, naJ, vakuru vanomwe vasina kupihwa basa nemazita zana nemakumi matatu nematanho, vakadonha vachiita basa ravo pazuva risingakanganwike. Iyo nyaya ye Hakuna munhu inyaya yematanho epasi. Vanouya nemugove wavo wehondo; vane chikamu chavo mukukunda; vanowira pasi; hapana kana rimwe zita ravanosiya kunze kwemisa. Kufamba kwevanodada nesu kunotungamira munzira ine guruva kwavanoenda. Ah! Ngatifungei nezvavo gore rino pamoto weKisimusi uye musavakanganwa kana zvabuda.