Mutsvene John XXIII, Pope akanaka akafambisa nyika nehunyoro hwake
Munguva pfupi yehupontificate akakwanisa kusiya chiratidzo chake, tiri kutaura nezveSan Johane XXIII, anozivikanwawo saPapa akanaka. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, anozivikanwawo saPope John XXIII aive mutungamiri akakosha wechitendero cheItaly uye wezvematongerwo enyika. Akazvarwa munaNovember 25, 1881 muSotto il Monte, taundi diki mudunhu reBergamo, Roncalli akakanganisa zvakanyanya kuChechi yeKatorike nepasirese panguva yehupapa hwake kubva 1958 kusvika 1963.
Roncalli akabva kune imwe mhuri ine mwero murombo uye aive wechina pavana gumi nevatatu. Achiratidza kufarira zvikuru zvechitendero kubvira achiri mudiki, akadzidzira pachikoro chebhaibheri che Bergamo uye akagadzwa semupristi muna 1904. Zvadaro, akatanga zvidzidzo dzidzo yebhaibheri muRoma, kwaakawana doctorate yake. Panguva yekudzidziswa kwake, akaratidza hungwaru hunoshamisa uye pfungwa dzakazaruka izvo zvaimusiyanisa nevamwe. Uyezve, aizivikanwa nokuda kwake tsitsi, kuzvininipisa uye kuseka.
Pope John XXII, Pontiff akavandudza chechi
Munguva yebasa rake rechechi, Roncalli akabata zvinzvimbo zvakasiyana-siyana, senge purofesa wezvidzidzo zvouMwari, uya secretary yeungano yechechi muBulgaria uye sei mupostori nuncio. Panguva yebasa rake mumarudzi aya, kusanganisirakukosha kwenhaurirano uye kubuda pachena kune zvimwe zvitendero netsika.
Muna 1953, Roncalli akasarudzwa kadhinari uye akashanda sabhishopi weVenice kusvika muna 1958, paakasarudzwa kuva Pope. Nguva pfupi asarudzwa, akatora zita rokuti Pope John XXIII. Pontificate yaJohane XXIII yaive nguva ye shanduko huru muChechi yeRoma.
Muna 1962, vakadaidza Second Vatican Council, gungano remabhishopu kubva pasi rose, nechinangwa che vandudza Chechi uye inosimudzira kubatana pakati pevaKristu. Panguva yekanzuru, dzakakurukurwa uye dzakaitwa shanduko dzakawanda, izvo zvakaita kuti vanhuwo zvavo vaite zvakawanda muChechi, vakasununguka kune zvimwe zvitendero uye kusimudzirwa kwenhaurirano pakati pezvitendero.
John XXIII ndomumwe wevapapa vanodiwa vezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, aikodzera zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "Papa Akanaka" nekuda kwemaitiro ake. anozvininipisa uye ane tsitsi. Aizivikanwa neshanyo dzake dzoufundisi, dzakawanda dzacho dzaimuendesa kunzvimbo dzine urombo nokutambura, dzakadai semajeri nezvipatara. Roncalli aivewo nehanya zvikuru neiyo rugare rwenyika uye akashanda nesimba kukurudzira nhaurirano pakati pemarudzi uye kugadzirisa kusawirirana kwenyika dzakawanda.