Mutsvene John Henry Newman, Mutsvene wezuva raGunyana 24
(21 Kukadzi 1801 - 11 Nyamavhuvhu 1890)
Iyo Nyaya yaSt John Henry Newman
John Henry Newman, mukuru wezvechitendero weChirungu weRoma Katurike wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, akapedza hafu yekutanga yehupenyu hwake seAnglican uye yechipiri hafu seRoma Katurike. Aive mupirisita, muparidzi ane mukurumbira, munyori uye nyanzvi mune zvechitendero mumachechi ese ari maviri.
Akazvarwa muLondon, England, akadzidza paTrinity College muOxford, aive mudzidzisi paOriel College uye kwemakore gumi nemanomwe aive gavhuna wechechi yeyunivhesiti, St. Mary Mhandara. Akazopedzisira aburitsa mavhoriyamu masere eParochial uye Plain Sermons, pamwe nemanyowani maviri. Nhetembo yake, "Kurota kweGerontius", yakaiswa kumimhanzi naSir Edward Elgar.
Mushure ma1833, Newman aive nhengo ine mukurumbira yeOxford Movement, iyo yaisimbisa chikwereti cheChechi kuna Madzibaba eKereke uye nekuzvidza chero tsika yekuona chokwadi sekuzviisa pasi chose.
Tsvagiridzo yezvakaitika yakaita kuti Newman afungidzire kuti Kereke yeRoman Katurike yakanga iri kuenderera mberi neChechi yakagadzwa naJesu. Muna 1845 akagamuchirwa mukuzara kuzere semuKaturike. Makore maviri gare gare akagadzwa semupristi weKaturike muRome uye akazova chikamu cheUngano yeOratory, yakavambwa mazana matatu emakore apfuura neSan Filippo Neri. Kudzokera kuEngland, Newman akatanga dzimba dzeOratory muBirmingham neLondon uye kwemakore manomwe aive rector weCatholic University yeIreland.
Pamberi paNewman, dzidziso yeKaturike yaifuratira nhoroondo, ichisarudza kutora zvirevo kubva pamisimboti yekutanga, sezvinoita ndege geometry. Mushure maNewman, hupenyu hwakaitika hwevatendi hwakaonekwa sechikamu chakakosha chekuratidzira kwedzidziso.
Pakupedzisira Newman akanyora makumi mana emabhuku uye 40 tsamba dzakasara. Akakurumbira ibhuku rake vhoriyamu Essay paKuvandudza kweChristian Doctrine, On Consulting the Faithful in Matters of Doctrine, Apologia Pro Vita Sua - nhoroondo yake yemweya kusvika muna 21.000 - uye Essay paGirama reKubvuma. Akagamuchira dzidziso yeVatican I pamusoro pekukanganisa kwaPapa nekucherechedza zvainogumira, izvo vanhu vazhinji vaifarira tsananguro iyi vaizeza kuita.
Newman paakagadzwa kadhinaina muna 1879, akatora semota yake "Cor ad cor loquitur" - "Mwoyo unotaura nemoyo". Akavigwa muRednal makore gumi nerimwe gare gare. Mushure mekuburitswa kweguva rake muna11, guva idzva rakagadzirirwa kuchechi yeBirmingham Oratory.
Makore matatu mushure mekufa kwaNewman, Newman Club yevadzidzi veKaturike yakatanga kuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania muPhiladelphia. Nekufamba kwenguva, zita rake raive rakabatanidzwa nenzvimbo dzevashumiri dzeruzhinji makoreji uye akazvimirira makoreji nemayunivhesiti muUnited States.
Muna 2010, Pope Benedict XVI akatsiva Newman muLondon. Benedict akacherekedza kusimbisa kwaNewman pabasa rakakosha rechitendero chakaburitswa mumasangano ehurumende, asi akarumbidza kushingairira kwake kwevafundisi kune vanorwara, varombo, vakafirwa nevaya vari mutirongo Papa Francis akagadza Newman muna Gumiguru 2019. Mutambo wezvematongerwo enyika waSt. John Henry Newman ndiGumiguru 9.
Kufungisisa
John Henry Newman akadaidzwa kunzi "baba vasipo veVictoria II" nekuti zvaakanyora pamusoro pehana, rusununguko rwechitendero, Magwaro, kushevedzwa kwevanhu, hukama pakati pechechi nehurumende nedzimwe nyaya zvakakonzera zvikuru pakuumbwa kweKanzuru. zvinyorwa. Kunyangwe Newman aisawanzonzwisiswa kana kukosheswa, akaramba akaparidza Mashoko Akanaka neshoko nemuenzaniso