Ukusabalala kwezinwele kubuJuda
EbuJudeni, abesifazane abangama-Orthodox bamboza izinwele zabo kusukela lapho beshada. Indlela abesifazane abamboza ngayo izinwele zabo iyindaba ehlukile, futhi ukuqonda ama-semantics wokumboza izinwele kuqhathaniswa nokumbozwa ikhanda nakho kuyisici esibalulekile se-halakha (umthetho) wokumboza.
Ekuqaleni
Ukuhlanganiswa kusekwe esotah, noma kusolwa ukuthi uyisiphingi, ekulandiseni okukaNumeri 5: 11-22. La mavesi achaza ngokuningana okwenzekayo lapho owesilisa esola unkosikazi wokuphinga.
UNkulunkulu wakhuluma kuMose, wathi: “Khuluma nabantwana bakwa-Israyeli, uthi: 'Uma umfazi womuntu elahlekile, engathembeki kuye, indoda ilala naye ngokwenyama, ifihliwe emehlweni akhe. umyeni futhi uba ongcolile noma ongcolile (tameh) ekusithekeni, futhi ngeke kube nofakazi ngokumelene naye noma ubanjiwe, nomoya womhawu ozokwehlela kuye futhi unesikhwele ngomkakhe futhi unjalo noma umoya Umona uza phezu kwakhe futhi unomona ngaye futhi akahlanzekile noma ungcolile, ngakho-ke umyeni uyoletha umkakhe kuMpristi Oyingcwele amlethele umnikelo, ingxenye yeshumi ye-efahdi kafulawa webhali, uyothela amafutha kuwo, angatheleli impepho phezu kwawo, lokhu kungumnikelo wokusanhlamvu wobuhlalu, umnikelo wokudla okusanhlamvu okhumbuzayo. Futhi umpristi oNgcwele uyakusondela kulo alubeke phambi kukaNkulunkulu futhi umpristi oNgcwele uzothatha amanzi angcwele emkhunjini womhlaba nothuli olukhona phansi kusukela ekunikezelweni umPristi Oyingcwele alubeka emanzini. Umpristi oNgcwele uzobeka lowesifazane phambi kukaNkulunkulu noParah izinwele bese ubeka umnikelo wesikhumbuzo ezandleni zakhe, okuwumnikelo wokusanhlamvu wesikhwele, futhi esandleni sompristi kukhona amanzi amanzi okubabayo abaletha isiqalekiso. Futhi kuzofungiswa ngumpristi oNgcwele, ethi: “Uma kungekho muntu olala nawe futhi ungazingcolisanga noma ungcolile ngomunye eceleni komyeni wakho, uzophathwa kula manzi okubabayo. Kepha uma udukile, ungcolile, ungcolile, amanzi azakukwenza udoti, athi yena, amen.
Kulesi ngxenye yombhalo, izinwele zomphingi okusolwa ukuthi ungophingayo ziyi-parah, ezinezincazelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukungabhokiswanga noma ukungathulwanga. Kungasho futhi ukudumazeka, ukungamboziwe noma ukudangala. Ngayiphi indlela, isithombe somphakathi sesiphingi okusolwa ukuthi siguqulwa ngokushintsha kwendlela izinwele zakhe eziboshwe ngayo ekhanda.
Oorabi baqonda kule ndima kusuka eTorah, ngakho-ke, ukuthi ukumboza ikhanda noma izinwele kwakungumthetho "wamadodakazi akwa-Israyeli" (Sifrei Bamidbar 11) oqondiswe nguNkulunkulu. Ngokungafani nezinye izinkolo, kufaka phakathi i-Islam inamantombazane amboze izinwele zawo ngaphambi komshado, onogwaja bathole ukuthi incazelo yalesi ingxenye sotah isho ukuthi ukumbozwa izinwele nezinwele kusebenza kuphela kwabesifazane abashadayo.
Isinqumo sokugcina
Ama-sages amaningi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi axoxe ukuthi lesi sinqumo kwakungu-Dat Moshe (umthetho weTorah) noma kaDat Yehudi, empeleni kuwumkhuba wabantu abangamaJuda (ngokuya ngesifunda, amasiko emindeni, njll.) Okube ngumthetho. Ngokufanayo, ukuntuleka kokucacisa ngama-semantics eTorah kwenza kube nzima ukuqonda isitayela noma uhlobo lwesikhanda noma izinwele ezisetshenzisiwe.
Umbono onqobayo nowamukelekayo mayelana nokumbozwa kwekhanda, noma kunjalo, uqinisekisa ukuthi isibopho sokumboza izinwele zakho asiguquki futhi asifanele siguqulwe (uGemara Ketubot 72a-b), okwenza abe yi-Dat Moshe noma isimemezelo saphezulu. - Owesifazane obukhali ongumJuda uyadingeka ukumboza izinwele ngomshado. Lokhu kusho, kepha, okuhlukile ngokuphelele.
Yini ongayimboza
Ku-Torah, kuthiwa "izinwele" zomuntu osolwa ophingayo kwakungu-parah. Ngokwesitayela soorabi, kubalulekile ukucubungula lo mbuzo olandelayo: luyini izinwele?
izinwele (n) ukukhula okuncane okufana nentambo ye-epidermis yesilwane; ikakhulukazi: enye yemicikilisho evame ukufakwa imibala enjengejazi lesikhumba somuntu obhubhayo (www.mw.com)
EbuJudeni, ukumboza ikhanda noma izinwele kwaziwa njenge kis kis rosh (key-sue-ee rowh), okuhunyushwa ngokweqiniso njengokumboza ikhanda. Ngalesi sizathu, noma ngabe owesifazana aphucula ikhanda lakhe, kusamele amboze ikhanda. Ngokufanayo, abesifazane abaningi bathatha lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga kuphela ukumboza ikhanda hhayi izinwele eziphuma ekhanda.
Ekuqulweni komthetho kaMaimonides (owaziwa nangokuthi iRambam), uhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokutholwa: okugcwele nokuyingxenye, ngokwephulwa kokuqala kukaDat Moshe (umthetho weTorah). Empeleni kusho ukuthi kungumyalo oqondile weTorah kwabesifazane ukuvimba izinwele zabo ukuba zingabonakali phambi kwabantu, futhi kuyisiko labesifazane abangamaJuda ukukhulisa okujwayelekile ngentshisekelo yesizotha futhi bagcine isigqubuthelo esihle ekhanda labo ngaso sonke isikhathi , kufaka phakathi endlini (iHilchot Ishut 24:12). URambam uthi-ke, ukuthi ukumboza okugcwele kungumthetho futhi ukumboza okuyingxenye kuwumkhuba. Ekugcineni, iphuzu lakhe ukuthi izinwele zakho akufanele zidumazeke [parah] noma zidalulwe.
Ku-Talmud yaseBabylon, iphethini yokuzibandakanya ngokwengeziwe isungulwa kulokho kwimboza okuncane ayemukelekile esidlangalaleni, esimweni sowesifazane esuka egcekeni lakhe esiya kwesinye ngokusebenzisa umlozi, kwanele futhi akuphuli umthetho we-Dat Yehudit, noma umthetho owenziwe umuntu uqobo . I-Talmud yaseJerusalema, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyagcizelela ekhanda elincane elimboze igceke futhi ligcwele i-alley. Kokubili i-Talmuds yaseBabylon neyaseJerusalema zibhekana "nezikhala zomphakathi" kulezi zigwebo. URabbi Shlomo ben Aderet, waseRashba, uthe "izinwele ezivame ukuphuma ngaphandle kwesikhwanyana bese umyeni wakhe esetshenziselwa zona" azibhekwanga " inkanuko. Ezikhathini zeTalmudic, uMaharam Alshakar wathi izintambo zazivunyelwe ukuphuma kusukela ngaphambili (phakathi kwendlebe nebunzi), yize wayenomkhuba wokumboza yonke imichilo yokugcina yezinwele zowesifazane. Lesi sinqumo sidale lokho amaJuda amaningi ama-Orthodox akuqonda njenge-tefach Rule, noma ububanzi bezinwele, okuvumela abanye ukuba bakhulule izinwele zabo ngendlela yomphetho.
Ngekhulu lama-20, uRabi uRose Feinstein wakhipha isinqumo sokuthi bonke abesifazane abashadile kufanele bamboze izinwele zabo esidlangalaleni nokuthi babophekile ukumboza yonke imicu ngaphandle kwaleyo tefach. Uthole ukumemezela okugcwele njengokuthi "kulungile", kepha ukuthi ukwambulwa kwe-tefach akuzange kwephule iDat Yehudit.
Ungayimboza kanjani
Abesifazane abaningi bamboza ngezikhafu ezaziwa ngokuthi i-tichel (ebizwa ngokuthi "i-tickle") noma i-mitpaha kwa-Israyeli, kanti abanye bakhetha ukumboza ngesigqoko noma ngesigqoko. Kukhona abaningi futhi abakhetha ukumboza nge-wig, eyaziwa ezweni lamaJuda njenge-sheitel (ebizwa ngokuthi i-shay-tull).
I-wig yathandwa kakhulu kubantu ababengewona amaJuda ngaphambi kwalawo amaJuda aqaphelayo. EFrance ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ama-wigs aqala ukuthandwa njengokwengeza imfashini kwabesilisa nabesifazane, futhi orabi benqaba ama-wigs njengendlela yokukhetha kumaJuda ngoba kwakungafanele ukulingisa "izindlela zabezizwe". Abesifazane babuye bakuthathe njengento evundile ukumboza ikhanda. Ama-Wigs afakwa, ngokunqikaza, kepha abesifazane ngokuvamile bamboza ama-wigs nolunye uhlobo lwasesekhanda, njengesigqoko, njengoba kuyisiko emiphakathini eminingi yezenkolo neyama-hasidic namuhla.
URabi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, uLubbavitcher Rebbe ongasekho, wayekholelwa ukuthi i-wig yisigqoko esihle kunazo zonke kowesifazane ngoba kwakungekho lula ukukhipha njengesikhafu noma isigqoko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphathi wenkosi yaseSephardic yakwa-Israyeli u-Ovadiah Yosef wabiza ama-wigs ngokuthi "isifo sochoko", waze wafika lapho ethi "yena ophuma ne-wig, umthetho unjengokungathi uphuma nekhanda lakhe [ ukutholwa]. "
Futhi, ngokusho kukaDarkei Moshe, u-Orach Chaim 303, ungagunda izinwele zakho bese uziguqula zibe yi-wig:
"Owesifazane oshadile uvunyelwe ukukhombisa i-wig yakhe futhi akukho mehluko uma kwenziwa ezinweleni zakhe noma ezinweleni zabangane bakhe."
Amasiko okungathandeki ukumboza
Emiphakathini waseHungary, waseGalathiya nowase-Ukraine we-Hasidic, abesifazane abashadayo bavame ukunikina amakhanda abo ngaphambi kokumboza nokugunda inyanga nenyanga ngaphambi kokuya kuma-mikvah. ELithuania, eMorocco naseRomania abesifazane bebengazimbozi izinwele zabo nhlobo. Emphakathini waseLithuania kwavela ubaba wezazi zesimanje, uRabi Joseph Soloveitchik, ongazange abhale imibono yakhe ngokufakwa izinwele futhi nonkosikazi wakhe akazange amboze izinwele zakhe nhlobo.