Yini amaPuranas kubuHindu?
AmaPuranas yimibhalo yasendulo yamaHindu edumisa onkulunkulu abahlukahlukene beqembu lamaHindu ngezindaba zaphezulu. Imibhalo eminingana eyaziwa ngegama lePurana ingahlukaniswa esigabeni esifanayo ne-'Itihasas 'noma Izindaba - iRamayana neMahabharata, futhi kukholakala ukuthi zithathwe ohlelweni lwenkolo olufanayo lwalezi ziqephu eziyimikhiqizo emihle yesigaba sezinganekwane -heroic yenkolelo yamaHindu.
Umsuka we-puranas
Yize amaPuranas abelana ngezici ezithile zezindaba ezinhle kakhulu, zingokwesikhathi esizayo futhi zinikezela ngesethulo "elichazwe kabanzi futhi elixhunyiwe ukuxhuma kwezinganekwane ezingamasiko namasiko omlando". UHorace Hayman Wilson, ohumushe amanye amaPuranas esiNgisini ngonyaka we-1840, uthi futhi "banikela ngezici ezizwakalayo zencazelo yesimanjemanje, ngokubaluleka okubaluleke kakhulu abakwabela izithixo ngazinye, ezinhlobonhlobo ... zemisiko nasekubhekweni okubhekiswe kuzo nasekwakhiweni zezinganekwane ezintsha ezibonisa amandla nomusa walabo nkulunkulu ... "
Izici ezi-5 zePuranas
Ngokuya kweSwami Sivananda, amaPuranas angabonakala ngo "Pancha Lakshana" noma izici ezinhlanu anazo: umlando; i-cosmology, imvamisa enemifanekiso ehlukahlukene engokomfanekiso yezimiso zefilosofi; indalo yesibili; uhlu lozalo lwamakhosi; kanye ne- "Manvantara" noma isikhathi sokuphathwa kweManu esakhiwa ama-Yugas asezulwini angama-71 noma iminyaka engama-306,72 million. Onke amaPuranas angabasesigabeni se- "Suhrit-Samhitas", noma izivumelwano ezinobungane, ezahlukahluka kakhulu kubabusi kumaVedas, abizwa nge- "Prabhu-Samhitas" noma izivumelwano ezinkulu.
Inhloso kaPuranas
AmaPuranas anomsuka wamaVedas futhi abhalelwe ukusakaza imicabango eseVedas. Zazingadalelwanga izifundiswa, kodwa kubantu abavamile ababengaqondi kahle ifilosofi ephezulu yamaVedas. Inhloso ye-Puranas ukugcizelela izimfundiso zama Vedas ezingqondweni zabantu abaningi futhi zikhiqize ukuzinikela kwabo kuNkulunkulu, ngezibonelo zangempela, izinganekwane, izindaba, izinganekwane, izimpilo zabangcwele, amakhosi kanye nabantu abakhulu, izinsolo kanye nezinsuku zemicimbi emikhulu yomlando . Abasizi bakudala basebenzise lezi zithombe ukukhombisa izimiso zaphakade zohlelo lokukholelwa olwaziwa ngokuthi ubuHindu. AbakwaPuranas basiza abapristi ukuba bakhulume izinkulumo zenkolo emathempelini nasemabhange emifula engcwele, futhi abantu babekuthanda ukulalela lezi zindaba. Lemibhalo ayigcini nje ngemininingwane yazo zonke izinhlobo, kodwa futhi iyajabulisa kakhulu ukuyifunda. Ngalo mqondo,
Ifomu nombhali we-Puranas
Ama-Puranas abhalwe ngokuyinhloko ngendlela yengxoxo lapho omunye umbalisi elandisa khona indaba eyodwa ephendula imibuzo yomunye. Umlandisi ophambili wamaPuranas nguRomarshana, umfundi weVyasa, omsebenzi wakhe ophambili ukukhipha lokho akufundile kumfundisi wakhe, njengoba wayekuzwile kwamanye ama-sages. I-Vyasa lapha akumele ididaniswe ne-eseyi edumile iVeda Vyasa, kepha inesihloko esijwayelekile, lapho iningi lamaPuranas linguKrishna Dwaipayana, indodana yomsizi omkhulu uParasara nomfundisi weVedas.
Ama-puranas ayi-18
Kunama-Puranas ayi-18 aphambili nenani elilinganayo lamaPuranas angaphansi noma i-Upa-Puranas kanye nama-sthala 'amaningi wesifunda noma amaPuranas. Kwemibhalo emqoka eyi-18, abayisithupha ngabakwaStevv Purana abakhazimulisa iVishnu; eziyisithupha zingamaRajasic futhi zikhazimulisa iBrahma; kanti eziyisithupha zingamasabatha futhi zikhazimulisa uShiva. Bahlukaniswe nguchungechunge kuhlu lwePuranas olulandelayo:
I-Vishnu Purana
UNaradiya Purana
IBhagavat Purana
UGaruda Purana
UPadma Purana
UBrahma Purana
UVaraha Purana
UBrahmanda Purana
I-Brahma-Vaivarta Purana
UMarkandeya Purana
I-Bhavishya Purana
UVamana Purana
UMatsya Purana
UKurma Purana
ILinga Purana
IShiva Purana
Skanda Purana
U-Agni Purana
Ama-Puranas athandwa kakhulu
Owokuqala kumaPuranas amaningi nguSrimad Bhagavata Purana noVishnu Purana. Ngokuthandwa, balandela ukulandelana okufanayo. Ingxenye yeMarkandeya Purana yaziwa kahle kuwo wonke amaHindu anjengeChandi noma iDevimahatmya. Inkolelo kaNkulunkulu njengoMama waphezulu ing ingqikithi yayo. UChandi ufundwa kabanzi amaHindu ngezinsuku ezingcwele nangezinsuku zikaNavaratri (Durga Puja).
Imininingwane mayelana neShiva Purana neVishnu Purana
EShiva Purana, ngokuqagela, uShiva unconywa nguVishnu, kwesinye isikhathi oboniswa ngokukhanya okuphansi. Ku-Vishnu Purana, okusobala kwenzeka: UVishnu ukhazinyuliswa kakhulu ngeShiva, ovame ukungonakaliswa. Phezu kokungafani okusobala okuvezwe kula maPuranas, amaShiva namaVishnu kukholakala ukuthi amunye futhi bayingxenye kaZiqu-zintathu waseHindu theogony. Njengoba uWilson eveza: “UShiva noVishnu, ngandlela-thile, cishe yizo kuphela izinto ezithi bahlonishwe amaHindu ePuranas; baphambuka enkambisweni yasekhaya neyasisekelo yamaVedas futhi bakhombisa ukuthambekela kwehlelo nokuzihlukanisa ... Abasaphetheli enkolweni yamaHindu bebonke: bangabaqondisi abakhethekile bamagatsha ahlukile futhi kwesinye isikhathi angqubuzanayo, ahlanganiselwe inhloso esobala yokuthuthukisa ukukhetha, noma kwezinye izikhathi okuwukuphela,
Ngokusekelwe ezimfundisweni zaseSri Swami Sivananda