Ingabe uJesu wafundisa ukuthi iPurigatori ingokoqobo?

I-Magna Carta yabo bonke abavangeli abangamaKristu yikhomishini enkulu kaKristu: “Ngakho-ke hambani niyokwenza abantu bazo zonke izizwe babe abafundi. . . nibafundise ukugcina konke enginiyale ngakho ”(UMathewu 28: 19-20). Qaphela ukuthi umyalo kaKristu uvimba umvangeli ongumKristu ukuba afundise kuphela lokho uKristu akwembulile hhayi imibono yakhe.

AmaProthestani amaningi acabanga ukuthi iSonto lamaKatolika liyahluleka kulokhu. I-Purgatory iyimfundiso yamaKatolika abangacabangi ukuthi ivela kwiNkosi yethu. Kuke kwaqalwa ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezimfundiso eziningi ezisunguliwe iSonto LamaKatolika eliphoqa amalungu alo ukuba akholelwe.

Kuliqiniso ukuthi wonke amalungu eSonto lamaKhatholika abophekile ukukholelwa emfundisweni yesihlanzo. Kodwa akulona iqiniso ukuthi yasungulwa.

Ekuphenduleni lesi sitatimende, umxolisi ongumKatolika angaphendukela embhalweni wokuqala weSt Paul kweyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 3: 11-15 lapho echaza khona ukuthi umphefumulo ulahlekelwa kanjani ngokuhlanjululwa komlilo ngosuku lokwahlulela, kepha usindiswe.

Kodwa-ke, umbuzo engifuna ukusicabangela wona: "Ngabe bukhona ubufakazi bokuthi uJesu wafundisa indawo enjalo?" Uma kunjalo, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kweBandla kweyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 3: 11-15 kwesapuligatri kuzoba nokukholisa ngokwengeziwe.

Kunamavesi amabili eBhayibhelini lapho uJesu afundisa khona ngokoqobo kwesihlanzo: UMathewu 5: 25-26 noMathewu 12:32.

Ukuxolelwa eminyakeni ezayo

Cabanga ngoMathewu 12:32 kuqala:

Futhi noma ngubani osho izwi elimelene neNdodana yomuntu uyothethelelwa; kodwa noma ngubani okhuluma okuphikisana noMoya oNgcwele ngeke athethelelwe, noma kulesisikhathi noma esikhathini esizayo.

Ukubeka eceleni umbuzo wokuthi siyini isono esingenakuthethelelwa, qaphela okushiwo nguJesu: kunezono ezithile ezingathethelelwa onyakeni olandelayo, noma ngabe ungakanani. UPapa St. Gregory the Great uthi: "Kulesi sigwebo siyaqonda ukuthi ubugebengu obuthile bungathethelelwa kulo nyaka, kepha abanye abanye eminyakeni ezayo" (Dial 4, 39).

Ngingasho ukuthi "unyaka" (noma "umhlaba", njengoba uDouay Reims ahumusha) uJesu abhekisa kulo kule ndima ngukuphila kwangemva kokuzalwa. Okokuqala, igama lesiGrikhi elisho "ubudala", u-aion, lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela nokuphila ngemuva kokufa kuMarku 10:30, lapho uJesu ekhuluma ngokuphila okuphakade njengomvuzo "esikhathini esizayo" kulabo abanikela ngezinto zesikhashana ukulunga kwakhe Lokhu akusho ukuthi uJesu ufundisa ukuthi isihlanzo saphakade, ngoba sifundisa ukuthi imiphefumulo ekhona ingaphuma ngokuthethelela izono zabo, kepha uyaqinisekisa ukuthi lesisimo sokuba khona kokuphila kwangemva kokuzalwa.

I-Aion ingasetjenziselwa ukubhekisa esikhathini esinqunyiweko sempilo le, njengakuMatewu 28:20 lapho uJesu athi uzoba nabaphostoli bakhe kuze kube kuphela "kweminyaka". Kepha ngicabanga ukuthi umongo uveza ukuthi kusetshenziselwa impilo yangemva kokuphila. Amavesi ambalwa nje kamuva (v. 36) uJesu ukhuluma 'ngosuku lokwahlulela', okuthi, ngokuka Hebheru 9: 27, luyeza emva kokufa.

Ngakho-ke yini esinayo? Sinesimo sokuba khona emva kokufa lapho umphefumulo uxolelwe izono, okukhanyisela isiko leTestamente Elidala (AmaHubo 66: 10-12; u-Isaya 6: 6, 7; 4: 4) nemibhalo UPaul (1 Kor. 3: 11-15) kusho ukuthi umphefumulo uyahlanzwa noma uhlanzwa.

Lombuso awunakuba izulu, ngoba azikho izono ezulwini. Akunakuba yisihogo, ngoba akekho umphefumulo esihogweni ongathethelelwa izono futhi usindiswe. Yini leyo? Kuyisihlanzo.

Ngokukhokha imali yakho

Indima yesibili evela eBhayibhelini lapho uJesu efundisa khona ngokoqobo kwesihlanzeko nguMathewu 5: 25-26:

Yenza abangane bakho kanye nommangaleli wakho masishane, kuyilapho uya naye enkantolo, funa lowo ommangalela azokunikela enkantolo nomahluleli kunogada, khona-ke uzofakwa ejele; Ngiqinisile, ngithi kuwe, awusoze waphuma uze ukhiphe imenariyo yokugcina.

UJesu ukwenza kucace ukuthi okonile kufanele akhokhe izono zakhe. Kepha umbuzo uwukuthi, "Ingabe uJesu ubhekisela endaweni yokubuyiselwa kwemali kulokhu kuphila noma okulandelayo?" Sixoxa ngokulandelayo.

Inkomba yokuqala igama lesiGrikhi elisho "ijele", okuyiphulake. ISt. Peter sisebenzisa leli gama lesiGrikhi kweyoku-1 Petru 3:19 lapho echaza ngejele lapho imiphefumulo eqondile yeTestamente Elidala yabanjwa khona ngaphambi kokunyukela kukaJesu nokuyilapho uJesu avakashela khona ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa komzimba nomzimba wakhe ekufeni. . Njengoba i-phulake isetshenziselwe ukugcina indawo empilweni yangemva kwempilo yesiko lobuKristu, akunangqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi yindlela uMathewu ayisebenzisa ngayo kuMathewu 5:25, ikakhulukazi lapho kucatshangelwa umongo, okuyiwona umkhondo wethu wesibili.

Amavesi angaphambi nangemva kwendima efundwayo abandakanya izimfundiso zikaJesu ngezinto eziphathelene nokuphila kwangemva kokusindiswa kwaphakade. Ngokwesibonelo:

UJesu ukhuluma ngombuso wezulu njengenhloso yethu yokugcina ku-Beatitudes (uMathewu 5: 3-12).
UJesu ufundisa ukuthi ubulungiswa bethu kumele buqambe ngaphezu kobulungiswa babaFarisi uma sifuna ukuya ezulwini (uMathewu 5: 20).
UJesu ukhuluma ngokuya esihogweni uyothukuthelela umfowenu (uMathewu 5:22).
UJesu ufundisa ukuthi ukufisa owesifazane kufaka icala lokuphinga (uMathewu 5: 27-28), okuyiqiniso elingafanelwa yisihogo uma engaphenduki.
UJesu ufundisa imivuzo yasezulwini ngenxa yezenzo zokuphamba (uMathewu 6: 1).
Kungaba yinto exakayo ukuthi uJesu afundise impilo ngemuva kwangaphambi nje nangemva kukaMathewu 5:25 kepha uMathewu 5:25 ubhekisa kulokhu kuphila kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi uJesu akabhekiseli endaweni yokubuyiselwa kwesono kule mpilo, kodwa koyedwa osephila ekufeni.

Ijele lesikhashana

“Kepha,” wena uthi, “ngoba yindawo yokubuyisa imali ngemuva kokufa, akusho ukuthi yisihlanzo. Kungaba isihogo, akunjalo? "Kunemininingwane emibili ekhombisa ukuthi leli" jele "akusona isihogo.

Okokuqala, “itilongo” lika-1 Petru 3:19 kwakuyindawo yesikhashana yokuboshwa. Uma uMathewu esebenzisa i-phulake ngendlela efanayo kuMathewu 5:25, kuzolandela-ke ukuthi leli jele akhuluma ngalo uJesu liyindawo yesikhashana yokuboshwa.

Okwesibili, uJesu uthi lowo muntu kumele akhokhe "ipeni" lokugcina. Igama lesiGrikhi elithi "pennies" lithi kondrantes, ebelibalulekile lingaphansi kwamaphesenti amabili emiholo yansuku zonke yomsebenzi wasepulazini wekhulu lokuqala. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi isikweletu sobugebengu siyakhokhwa, yingakho isijeziso sesikhashana.

ISan Girolamo ixhumeka ngokufanayo: “Ipeni lesenti yimalini equkethe izibungu ezimbili. Lokho akushoyo manje ukuthi: "Ngeke uqhubeke uze ukhokhele izono ezincane kakhulu" (Thomas Aquinas, Golden Chain: Commentary ngamaVangeli amane: Kuqoqwe emisebenzini yoobaba: iSt. Matthew, ukugcizelela okungeziwe).

Iqhathanisa nesikweletu esikwelekwe inceku embi kuMathewu 18: 23-35. Inceku esemzekelisweni ikweleta inkosi "amathalenta ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi" (v. 24). Ithalente liyunithi elikhulu kakhulu lezimali, elibiza amadenariyamu ayi-6.000. Imali ivame ukubiza umholo wosuku.

Ngakho-ke ithalente elilodwa libaluleke cishe ngeminyaka eyi-16,4 yemiholo yansuku zonke. Uma inceku emzekelisweni ikweleta amathalenta ayi-10.000 60, khona-ke ibikweleta cishe odenariyu abayizigidi ezingama-165.000, okulingana neminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-XNUMX yomholo wosuku. Ngamanye amagama, ukweleta isikweletu ayengeke asikhokhe.

Ngokwalandisa, inkosi yamthethelela isikweletu senceku. Kepha njengoba engakhombisanga isihawu esifanayo kulabo ababemkweleta, inkosi yanikela le nceku embi kubaphathi bejele "waze wakhokha sonke isikweletu sayo" (uMathewu 18: 34). Njengoba kunikezwe inani elikhulu kakhulu lesikweletu sobugqila, kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi uJesu wayekhuluma ngesijeziso sesihogo saphakade.

"Umdwebo" kaMathewu 5: 26 uphambana kakhulu namathalenta ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuphakamisa ukuthi uJesu ubhekisela ejele lesikhashana elikuMathewu 5.

Ake sibeke lokho esinakho kuze kube manje. Okokuqala, uJesu ukhuluma ngezingqinamba ezibaluleke kwaphakade kumongo. Okwesibili, sebenzisa igama elithi "ijele" elisetshenziselwa isiko lamaKhristu ukubhekisela esimweni sokuphila kwangemva kokuphila okungelona izulu noma isihogo. Futhi okwesithathu, leli jele lingumbuso wesikhashana lapho ukwaneliseka kwenzelwa khona ngamacala alo.

Manje yini le "jele"? Akunakuba yipharadesi, ngoba izulu lisho ukuthi zonke izono zangesikhathi esedlule zithethelelwe futhi zabuyiselwa. Akunakuba yisihogo, ngoba ijele lesihogo laphakade, ayikho indlela yokuphuma. Kubonakala sengathi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokutolika yisihlanzo.

Umbhali wokuqala ongumKristu uTertullian wayekholelwa into efanayo:

[I] Njengoba siqonda ukuthi "ijele" likhombisile eVangelini ukuba yiHayidesi, futhi njengoba nathi sihumusha "inani eliphakeme kakhulu" ukukhombisa ubugebengu obuncane kakhulu okumele buvuzwe lapho ngaphambi kovuko, akekho oyokwenqaba ukukholelwa lokho 'umphefumulo uthola isiyalo esithile sokunxephezela eHayidese, ngaphandle kokubandlulula kuyo yonke inqubo yokuvuka, lapho inkokhelo izokhokhiswa yinyama (A Therise on the Soul, Ch 58).

Imvelo yama-maccabean

Ithuba lokuhlanzeka kule mibhalo liba nokukholisa ngokwengeziwe lapho sicabanga ngemvelo yenkolo yobuJuda lapho uJesu anikeza khona lezi zimfundiso. Kuyabonakala kusuka ku-2 Maccabees 12: 38-45 ukuthi amaJuda ayekholelwa esimweni sokuphila ngemuva kokufa okungekho izulu noma isihogo, indawo lapho umphefumulo ungathethelelwa izono.

Ukuthi uyawemukela ama-Maccabees ama-2 aphefumulelwe noma cha, unikeza igunya lomlando kule nkolelo yobuJuda. Futhi kwakuyinkolelo yobuJuda ukuthi umphakathi kaJesu uzoletha ezimfundisweni zakhe ngokuthethelelwa kwezono eminyakeni ezayo kanye nejele elisekupheleni kwempilo lapho umuntu onamanyala ekhokha isikweletu sakhe.

Ukube uJesu ubengabhekiseli esihlanzweni kule mibhalo, wayezodinga ukucacisa izilaleli zakhe ezingamaJuda. Njengoba nje umKatolika ayecabanga ngokushesha nge-purigatori ngemuva kokuzwa lezi zimfundiso okokuqala, ngakho-ke umphakathi wamaJuda uJesu ngabe washeshe wacabanga ngaleso simo sokuphila ngemuva kokufa amasosha akwaJuda Maccabees.

Kepha uJesu akazange anikeze noma yiluphi uhlobo lokucaciswa. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuphetha ukuthi iminyaka ezayo kuMathewu 12:32 nejele elikuMathewu 5: 25-26 libhekisela kusihlanzo.

isiphetho

Ngokuphikisana nalokho iningi lamaProthestani elikucabangayo, iSonto lamaKatolika alizange lenze imfundiso yesihlanzo. Kukholwa okuvela kwiNkosi yethu uqobo njengoba kutholakala emBhalweni oNgcwele. Ngakho-ke, iSonto lamaKhatholika lingasho ngonembeza omuhle ukuthi lithembekile ekhomishini enkulu yokufundisa konke iNkosi ekuyalile.