Amathempeli ayishumi amahle kakhulu we-tantra

Amathempeli ayishumi amahle kakhulu we-tantra

Steve allen
Abalandeli bendlela ye-tantra banamathisela ukubaluleka okukhulu kwamanye amathempeli amaHindu. Lokhu akubalulekile kuphela kuma-tantras, kodwa nakubantu besiko elithi "bhakti". Kwamanye ala mathempeli "bali" noma imihlatshelo yemikhosi yezilwane isenziwa nanamuhla, kanti kwamanye, njengethempeli laseMahakaal lase-Ujjain, umlotha wabafileyo usetshenziswa emikhosini ye-"aarti"; futhi ucansi lwe-tantrik lwathola ugqozi ezithombeni zasendulo ezivusa inkanuko emathempelini e-Khajuraho. Nazi izindawo eziyishumi eziphezulu ze-tantrik, ezinye zazo ezibalulekile "i-Shakti Peethas" noma izindawo zokukhulekela ezinikezelwe kunkulunkulukazi u-Shakti, ingxenye yesifazane ye-Lord Shiva. Lolu hlu lwenziwe ngomnikelo ka-Master Tantrik Shri Aghorinath Ji.

Ithempeli likaKamakhya, e-Assam

I-Kamakhya isenkabeni yehlelo le-tantrik elinamandla nelisabalele eNdiya. Itholakala esifundeni esisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Assam, esiqongweni seNilachal Hill. Ingenye ye-108 Shakti Peethas of Goddess Durga. Inganekwane ithi uKamakhya wazalwa lapho iNkosi uShiva ithwele isidumbu somkakhe uSati futhi "yoni" yakhe (izitho zangasese zowesifazane) yawela phansi lapho ithempeli limi khona manje. Ithempeli liwumhume wemvelo onesiphethu. Eduze kwezitebhisi eziya emathunjini omhlaba kukhona igumbi elimnyama nelingaqondakali. Lapha, embozwe i-sari kasilika futhi embozwe ngezimbali, i-"matra yoni" igcinwa. EKamakhya, ubuHindu be-tantrik buye bakhuliswa izizukulwane zabapristi be-tantrik phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.

Kalighat, West Bengal

I-Kalighat, eCalcutta (Kolkata), iwuhambo olubalulekile lwama-tantriks. Kuthiwa ngesikhathi kudabuka isidumbu sikaSati kwawela umunwe wakhe kule ndawo. Izimbuzi eziningi zenziwa umhlatshelo lapha phambi kuka-Goddess Kali kanye nezigebengu ezingenakubalwa zenza izifungo zazo zokuzithiba kuleli thempeli laseKali.

I-Bishnupur, esifundeni sase-Banura eNtshonalanga Bengal, ingenye indawo lapho bekhipha khona amandla abo e-Tantrik. Behlose ukukhulekela unkulunkulukazi uManasa, baya eBishnupur emkhosini waminyaka yonke wokukhulekela izinyoka oba ngo-August unyaka ngamunye. I-Bishnupur iphinde ibe yisikhungo samasiko nezandla zezandla zasendulo futhi ezaziwayo.

I-Baitala Deula noma i-Vaital Temple, eBhubaneswar, e-Orissa

E-Bhubaneswar, ithempeli lekhulu lesi-XNUMX i-Baitala Deula (Vaital) linedumela lokuba isikhungo se-tantrik esinamandla. Ngaphakathi kwethempeli kukhona uChamunda (Kali) onamandla, egqoke umgexo wezigebhezi onesidumbu ezinyaweni zakhe. I-Tantriks ithola indawo engaphakathi ekhanya kalufifi yethempeli iyindawo ekahle yokumunca amandla asendulo avela kuleli phuzu.

Ekling, Rajasthan

Isithombe esingajwayelekile esinezinhlangothi ezine seNkosi uShiva esiqoshwe ngemabula emnyama singabonakala ethempelini laseShiva lase-Eklingji eduze kwase-Udaipur eRajasthan. Ukusukela emuva ku-AD 734 noma ngaleso sikhathi, isakhiwo sethempeli siheha inqwaba yabakhulekeli be-tantrik cishe unyaka wonke.

Balaji, Rajasthan

Esinye sezikhungo ezithakazelisa kakhulu nezidumile zemikhosi ye-tantrik sise-Balaji, eduze ne-Bharatpur, ngaphandle komgwaqo omkhulu we-Jaipur-Agra. Kuyithempeli laseMehandipur Balaji esifundeni saseDausa eRajasthan. Ukukhishwa kwemimoya kuyindlela yokuphila eBalaji, futhi abantu abavela emhlabeni wonke "abaphethwe imimoya" bathutheleka ngobuningi eBalaji. Kudinga izinzwa zensimbi ukugcina eminye yemikhuba yokukhipha amademoni eyenziwa lapha. Ngokuvamile ukububula nokuklabalasa kuzwakala kude kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, "iziguli" kufanele zihlale ngokuqhubekayo izinsuku ukuze zikhishwe. Ukuvakashela ithempeli laseBalaji kushiya umuzwa osabekayo.

IKhajuraho, Madhya Pradesh

I-Khajuraho, etholakala enkabeni yesifunda saseNdiya iMadhya Pradesh, yaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngamathempeli ayo amahle nemifanekiso eqoshiwe evusa inkanuko. Nokho, bambalwa abantu abalaziyo idumela layo njengesikhungo se-tantrik. Izethulo ezinamandla zokwaneliswa kwesifiso senyama okuhambisana nezilungiselelo zethempeli ezivusa amadlingozi, ezimele ukufuna okungokomoya, kukholakala ukuthi zisho izindlela zokweqa izifiso zezwe nokuzuza ukuphakanyiswa okungokomoya, futhi ekugcineni nirvana (ukukhanyiselwa). Amathempeli e-Khajuraho avakashelwa abantu abaningi unyaka wonke.

Ithempeli laseKaal Bhairon, eMadhya Pradesh

Ithempeli lase-Ujjain lika-Kaal Bhairon linesithombe esinobuso obumnyama sika-Bhairon, esaziwa ngokuhlakulela imikhuba ye-Tantrik. Kuthatha cishe ihora ngemoto unqamula emaphandleni anokuthula ukuze ufinyelele kuleli thempeli lasendulo. Amathangi, ama-mystics, abathakathi bezinyoka kanye nalabo abafuna "siddhi" noma ukukhanyiselwa bavame ukudonswa ku-Bhairon ezigabeni zokuqala zokufuna kwabo. Ngenkathi amasiko ehluka, ukunikelwa kotshwala obuluhlaza bezwe kuyingxenye engaguquki yehlelo lika-Bhairon. Ugologo unikelwa kunkulunkulu ngomkhosi ofanele kanye nesizotha.

Ithempeli laseMahakaleswar, eMadhya Pradesh

Ithempeli laseMahakaleswar lingesinye isikhungo esidumile saseTigi Ujjain. Ukundiza kwezitebhisi kuholela ku-sanctum yangaphakathi ehlala i-Shiva lingam. Kunemicimbi eminingi ehlaba umxhwele eyenzeka lapha usuku lonke. Kodwa-ke, kuma-tantriks, umcimbi wokuqala wosuku onentshisekelo ethile. Ukunaka kwabo kugxile ku-"bhasm aarti" noma umkhuba womlotha, okuwukuphela kohlobo lwayo emhlabeni. Kuthiwa umlotha “okugezwa ngawo” iShiva lingam njalo ekuseni kumele kube owesidumbu esishiswe ngayizolo. Uma ukushiswa kwesidumbu kungenzeki e-Ujjain, umlotha kufanele utholwe ngazo zonke izindleko endaweni yokushisela eseduze. Kodwa-ke, iziphathimandla zethempeli zithi nakuba kwakuyisiko ukuthi umlotha ube ngowesidumbu "esisha", lo mkhuba wawuyekwe isikhathi eside. Kukholakala ukuthi labo ababa nenhlanhla yokuzibonela lesi siko abasoze bafa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Isitezi esiphezulu sethempeli laseMahakaleswar sihlala sivaliwe emphakathini unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, kanye ngonyaka - ngoSuku lweNag Panchami - indawo ephezulu enezithombe zayo ezimbili zezinyoka (okufanele kube imithombo yamandla e-tantrik) ivulelwa umphakathi, oza ukuzobheka "darshan" kaGorakhnath ki Dhibri, ngokwezwi nezwi okusho ukuthi. "isimangaliso saseGorakhnath".

Ithempeli laseJwalamukhi, Himachal Pradesh

Le ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu kuma-charlatans futhi iheha izinkulungwane zamakholwa nabangabazayo unyaka nonyaka. Igadiwe futhi inakekelwa abalandeli bakaGorakhnath ababukeka benolaka - owaziwa ukuthi ubusiswe ngamandla ayisimangaliso - le ndawo ayiyona into engaphezu kwesiyingi esincane esingamamitha amathathu ukuzungeza. Ukundiza okufushane kwezitebhisi kuholela endaweni ebiyelwe enjengomhume. Ngaphakathi kwalomhume kunamachibi amabili amancane amanzi acwebile, aphakelwa imithombo yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba. Amajethi amathathu elangabi eliphuzi-owolintshi avutha ngokuqhubekayo, njalo, kusukela ezinhlangothini zechibi, amasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu kobuso bamanzi, abonakala ebilayo, egubha ngenjabulo. Nokho, uzomangala ukuthola ukuthi amanzi abonakala abilayo ayaqabula ngempela. Njengoba abantu befuna ukwembula isimanga se-Gorakhnath, ama-tantriks ayaqhubeka nokungena emandleni agxile emhumeni ekufuneni kwawo ukuzenza.

Baijnath, Himachal Pradesh

I-Tantrics eminingi ikhuphuka isuka e-Jwalamukhi iya e-Baijnath, engaphansi kwama-Dhauladhars anamandla. Ngaphakathi, "lingam" kaVaidyanath (iNkosi Shiva) sekuyisikhathi eside iwuphawu lokuhlonipha inani elikhulu labahambi abavakashela leli thempeli lasendulo unyaka wonke. Abapristi basethempelini bathi uhlu lozalo oludala njengethempeli. Ama-Tantriks nama-yogis ayavuma ukuthi aya e-Baijnath ukuyofuna amanye amandla okuphulukisa aphethwe iNkosi Shiva, iNkosi Yemithi. Phela, amanzi e-Baijnath kukholakala ukuthi anezakhiwo ezimangalisayo zokugaya futhi kuthiwa kuze kube isikhathi esedlule, ababusi baseKangra Valley yase-Himachal Pradesh babephuza kuphela amanzi atholakala e-Baijnath.