Incazelo engokomfanekiso yamakhandlela ebuJudeni

Amakhandlela anencazelo enkulu ebonakalayo ebuJudeni futhi asetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zenkolo.

Amakhandlela amasiko amaJuda
Amakhandlela akhanyiswa ngaphambi kweShabatat ngayinye emizini yamaJuda nasemasinagogeni ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga ngoLwesihlanu kusihlwa.
Ekupheleni kweShabat, kukhanyiswe ikhandlela elikhethekile leHavdalah elikhanyisiwe, lapho ikhandlela, noma umlilo, kungumsebenzi wokuqala weviki elisha.
Ngesikhathi seChanukah, kukhanyiswa amakhandlela njalo kusihlwa kuChanukiyah ukukhumbula ukwenziwa kabusha kweThempeli, lapho uwoyela obekumele uhlale ubusuku bunye kuphela wenza ubusuku obuyisishiyagalombili obuyisimangaliso.
Amakhandlela akhanyiselwe ngaphambi kwamaholide amakhulu amaJuda afana ne-Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, iPhasika lamaJuda, Sukkot noShavuot.
Minyaka yonke, amakhandlela esikhumbuzo akhanyiswa imindeni yamaJuda kwi-yahrzeit (isikhumbuzo sokufa) sabantu abathandekayo.
Ilangabi laphakade, noma i-Ner Tamid, etholakala emasinagogeni amaningi ngenhla komkhumbi lapho kugcinwa khona imiQulu yeTorah kuhloswe ngalo ukumelela ilangabi lokuqala leThempeli eNgcwele eJerusalema, yize amasinagoge amaningi namuhla esebenzisa izibani zikagesi esikhundleni samalambu wangempela kawoyela ngezizathu zokuphepha.

Okushiwo ngamakhandlela ebuJudeni
Ezibonelweni eziningi ezingenhla, amakhandlela amelela izincazelo ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kobuJuda.

Isibani sekhandlela sivame ukubukwa njengesikhumbuzo sobukhona bukaNkulunkulu baphezulu, namakhandlela akhanyiswe ngesikhathi samaholide amaJuda nakwiShabat akhombisa ukusikhumbuza ukuthi umcimbi ungcwele futhi uhlukile empilweni yethu yansuku zonke. Amakhandlela amabili akhanyayo ku-Shabbat futhi asebenza njengesikhumbuzo sezidingo zebhayibheli ze-shamor v'zachor: "ukugcina" (Duteronome 5:12) kanye nokuthi "khumbula" (u-Eksodusi 20: 8) - iSabatha. Ziphinde zimelele i-kavod (udumo) ngeSabatha ne-Oneg Shabbat (ukuthokozela kukaShabat), ngoba, njengoba uRashi echaza:

"... ngaphandle kokukhanya akukho ukuthula, ngoba [abantu] bazohlala bekhubeka baphoqwa ukuthi badle ebumnyameni (Commentary on Talmud, Shabbat 25b)."

Amakhandlela abuye akhonjwe ngenjabulo ebuJudeni, adweba endimeni esebhayibhelini kaEsteri, elenza umcimbi wamasonto onke weHavana.

AmaJuda ayenokukhanya, injabulo, injabulo nodumo (u-Esitere 8:16).

לַי Ahazienos

Ngokwesiko lamaJuda, ilangabi lekhandlela libuye futhi lifanekiselwe ukumela umphefumulo womuntu ngokomfanekiso futhi likhonze ukukhumbula ukushuba nobuhle bempilo. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwelangabi lekhandlela nemiphefumulo kuqhamuka ku-Mishlei (Izaga) 20: 27:

"Umphefumlo womuntu uyisibani seNkosi, efuna zonke izibilini."

ֵֵֵ י ְִ י יִִִִִ

Njengomuntu womuntu, amalangabi kufanele aphefumule, aguquke, akhule, alwe nobumnyama futhi ekugcineni anyamalale. Ngakho-ke, ukucwazimula kokukhanya kwamakhandlela kusikhumbuza ngokushibilika kwempilo yethu kanye nezimpilo zabathandekayo bethu, impilo okumele yemukelwe futhi ithandwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenxa yalolu phawu, amaJuda akhanyisa amakhandlela esikhumbuzo ngamaholide athile kanye nama-yahrzeits abathandekayo bawo (isikhumbuzo sokufa).

Ekugcineni, i-Chabad.org inikezela nge-anecdote enhle ngendima yamakhandlela amaJuda, ikakhulukazi amakhandlela akwaShabat:

“NgoJanuwari 1, 2000, i-New York Times yashicilela i-Millenium Edition. Kwakuyinkinga ekhethekile enamakhasi amathathu okuqala. Eyodwa yayinezindaba ezivela kuJanuwari 1, 1900. Eyesibili kwakuyizindaba zangempela zosuku, ngoJanuwari 1, 2000. Futhi-ke baba nekhasi lesithathu elingaphambili - babeka izehlakalo ezazizolindeleka zangoJanuwari 1, 2100. Leli khasi elinomqondo lifaka izinto ezinjenge wamukelekile esifundeni sama-2100: Cuba; ingxoxo yokuthi uvotela amarobhothi; njalo njalo. Futhi ngaphandle kwendatshana ethokozisayo, bekunenye into. Ngezansi kwekhasi lokuqala leNyaka 1 kwakuyisikhathi sokuthi kukhanyiswe amakhandlela eNew York ngoJanuwari 2100, 2100. Umphathi wokukhiqiza waseNew York Times - umKatolika wase-Ireland - kuthiwa wabuzwa ngakho . Impendulo yakhe yayiqondile. Khuluma ngobuphakade babantu bethu namandla esiko lamaJuda. Uthe: “'Asazi ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngo-2100. Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ikusasa. Kepha kunento eyodwa eqinisekile: ngonyaka wama-XNUMX abesifazane abangamaJuda bazokhanyisa amakhandlela eShabat. "