Indandatho yomshado kubuJuda
EbuJudeni, indandatho yomshado idlala indima ebalulekile emkhosini womshado wamaJuda, kepha ngemuva kokuba umshado usuphelile, amadoda amaningi awaligqoki indandatho yomshado futhi kwabanye besifazane abangamaJuda, indandatho igcina ngakwesokunene.
umsuka
Imvelaphi yendandatho njengesiko lomshado enkolweni yobuJuda ngandlela thile. Akukho okushiwo ngokuqondile ngendandatho esetshenziselwa imikhosi yomshado kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wasendulo. KuSefer ha'Ittur, iqoqo lezinqumo zokwahlulela zamaJuda kusuka ku-1608 ezindabeni zezimali, umshado, isehlukaniso (kanye nezinkontileka zomshado) zikaRabbi Yitzchak Bar Abba Mari waseMarseille, urabi ukhumbula isiko elithandekayo lapho indandatho ibalulekile. umshado kungenzeka uqhamuke. Ngokusho kukarabi, umkhwenyana ubezokwenza umcimbi womshado phambi kwenkomishi yewayine enendandatho ngaphakathi, ethi: "Ubophelele kimi le ndebe nakho konke okukuyo." Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kubhalwe phansi emisebenzini yangezikhathi zakamuva, ngakho-ke iphuzu elingenakulindelekile.
Esikhundleni salokho, indandatho kungenzeka ivela izisekelo zomthetho wamaJuda. Ngokusho kukaMishnah Kedushin 1: 1, kutholakala owesimame (isb. Umshado) ngezindlela ezintathu:
Ngemali
Ngesivumelwano
Ngokuya ocansini
Ngokwethiyori, ukuya ocansini kunikezwa ngemuva komshado futhi inkontileka iza ngesimo se-ketubah esayiniwe emshadweni. Umqondo wokuthi "utholele" umuntu wesifazane imali uzwakale njengolunye uhlangothi kithi esikhathini samanje, kepha iqiniso lesimo ukuthi le ndoda ayithengi umkayo, imnikeza okuthile okubiza imali futhi uyayamukela ngokwamukela i-athikili ngenani lemali. Ngempela, njengoba owesifazane engeke ashade ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe, ukwemukelwa kwakhe kwendandatho nakho kuyindlela yowesifazane ovuma ukushada (njengoba nje enza ngokulala nomuntu).
Iqiniso ngukuthi into ingaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngokomlando bekuyinto ethathwe encwadini yomkhuleko iye esiqeshini sezithelo, itayitela lesitifiketi noma uhlamvu lwemali olukhethekile. Yize izinsuku zihluka - noma kuphi phakathi kwekhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX - indandatho yaba yinto evamile yenani lemali elinikezwe umakoti.
Izidingo
Indandatho kufanele ibe ngeyomkhwenyana futhi kufanele yenziwe ngensimbi elula engenamatshe aligugu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi, uma inani lendandatho lingaqondakali kahle, lingawenza umshado ube ngunembethi.
Esikhathini esidlule, izici ezimbili zomkhosi womshado wamaJuda ngokuvamile azenzanga ngosuku olufanayo. Izingxenye ezimbili zomshado yilezi:
I-Kedushin, ebhekisela esenzweni esingcwele kodwa esivame ukuhunyushwa njenge-betrothal, lapho indandatho (noma ukuhlangana noma inkontileka) yethulwe kowesifazane
INisuin, igama elisho "ukuphakama", lapho lo mbhangqwana uqala khona umshado wawo ngokusemthethweni
Namuhla, zombili lezi zingxenye zomshado zenzeka ngokulandelana okusheshayo emkhosini ovame ukuthatha cishe isigamu sehora. Kunezinsiza eziningi ezibandakanyekile emkhosini ogcwele.
Iringi ibamba iqhaza engxenyeni yokuqala, kedushin, ngaphansi kwe-chuppah, noma i-canopy yomshado, lapho indandatho ibekwa khona eminweni yenkomba yesandla sokudla bese kuthi okulandelayo: “Ngcweliswa (mekudeshet) ngalendandatho ngokomthetho kaMose no-Israyeli.
Isiphi isandla?
Ngesikhathi somcimbi womshado, indandatho ibekwa esandleni sokudla sowesifazane emunweni we-index. Isizathu esisobala sokusebenzisa isandla sokudla ngukuthi izifungo - kuwo womabili amasiko amaJuda namaRoma - ngokwesiko (nangokwebhayibheli) kwenziwa ngesandla sokudla.
Izizathu zokubekwa kwenkomba zihlukile futhi zifaka:
Umunwe wenkomba usebenza kakhulu, ngakho-ke kulula ukukhombisa iringi kubabukeli
Umunwe wenkomba empeleni ungumunwe lapho abaningi begqoka khona indandatho yomshado
Inkomba, njengoba isebenza kakhulu, bekungeke ibe yindawo okungenzeka ukuthi ikhona, ngakho-ke ukuma kwayo kule minwe kukhombisa ukuthi akusona nje esinye isipho kodwa futhi kumelela isenzo esibophayo
Ngemuva komcimbi womshado, abesifazane abaningi bayobeka indandatho ngakwesobunxele sabo, njengoba kuyisiko ezweni lesimanje laseNtshonalanga, kepha futhi kunabaningi abazofaka indandatho yomshado (nendandatho yokuganiselana) ngakwesokunene sabo kwindandatho yomunwe. Amadoda, emiphakathini eminingi yendabuko yamaJuda, akagqoki indandatho yomshado. Kodwa-ke, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe lapho amaJuda eyingcosana khona, amadoda athatha inkambiso yakhona yokugqoka indandatho yomshado ayigqoke ngakwesobunxele.
Qaphela: ukwenza lula ukwakhiwa kwalesi sihloko, kusetshenziswe izindima "zendabuko" zabalingani "kanye" nomyeni nenkosikazi. Kunemibono ehlukene kuwo wonke amahlelo amaJuda ngomshado wezitabane. Ngenkathi aborabi beReformed bezoziqhenya basebenzise imishado yezitabane kanye nabesilisa nabesilisa nabesilisa abathandanayo abangamabandla ahlukene ngombono. Ngaphakathi kobu-Orthodox bobu-Orthodox, kufanele kuthiwe ukuthi yize umshado wezitabane ungugunyaziwe noma ungabulawa, abantu abathandana nobungqingili bayamukeleka futhi bayemukelwa. Isisho esivame ukucashunwa sithi "uNkulunkulu uyasizonda isono, kepha uthanda isoni".