I-Madonna delle lacrime: umbiko wezokwelapha ngoketshezi oluphuma emehlweni eMadonna
IZINCAZELO NOKUCABANGA
Uketshezi oluhlolwayo lune-opalescent encane kakhulu futhi luqukethe ama-corpuscle amancane kakhulu, aphuzi kancane. Umthamo woketshezi oluzohlolwa cishe i-cubic centimitha eyodwa futhi awuvumeli noma yikuphi ukusabela okukhulu kwamakhemikhali. Uchungechunge lwe-micro-reactions eqondisayo bese lusetshenziswa ngokuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa emanzini acwecwe, amanzi entwasahlobo kanye ne-serum ye-physiological (isixazululo se-sodium chloride ku-9 ngenkulungwane); ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabela okuthile okuqondile nokuyisisekelo okuhlobene nocwaningo lwamakhemikhali-ngokomzimba-lwezinto eziphilayo kuyenziwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphuma kwezinyembezi zomuntu omdala (othathwe kuDkt. Cassola nguDkt. Cotzia) kanye nokuphuma kwezinyembezi kwengane eneminyaka emibili neyisikhombisa. izinyanga, okungeye-Asylum Syracuse Nest: Galeota Giuseppe di Santo - Via Molo. Ama-chemical-reactions amancane nawo ahlolwa ekukhulisweni okuhlukahlukene ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, ngokubhekwa kwayo yonke inkambu yokusabela kwamakhemikhali, kunquma ukubukeka kwemvula, njalo uma kuqhathaniswa namalungiselelo avela ekuqhathaniseni ukusabela njengenhla. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukusabela kwalungiselelwa kumaslayidi esibonakhulu, ahlanzwa kahle futhi ngemva kokubhekwa kwe-ocular, okungukuthi ngeso lenyama, kwaqalwa ukubhekwa kwe-microscopic, (ngemuva kokunamathisela isilayidi sekhava), kusekelwa izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa oketshezini oselubaluliwe futhi izinyembezi ezifihliwe yizifundo zabantu, ezithathwe njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, eLabhorethri. Ukubhekwa kokusabela okuhlukahlukene kwahlolwa yilungu ngalinye leKhomishana futhi okubonwayo kwasekelwa ukuhlolwa okunembile kobuchwepheshe nesayensi kanye nokudidiyelwa kwalokho osekutholakele. I-micro-reactions eyenziwayo nayo yayilinganiselwe kulabo cwaningo lwesici oluhlobene nokwakheka kwezinto ezihlanganisa ukukhululeka kwe-"Madonnina".
INKQUBO YOKUHLAZIYA
Ukunqunywa kokusabela.
Ukunqunywa kokusabela kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amaphepha akhethekile ocwaningo lokuqhathanisa lwe-PH, ukuthola i-PH = 6,9.
Ukusabela okwenziwe.
Ukusabela okuncane kwenziwa ngokuthatha uketshezi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa nge-platinum loop ehlanzekile ngokuphelele, ama-reagents abekwe kuma-slides kanye nenye i-platinum loop ehlanzwe kahle ilangabi.
Sesha ama-sulphate
Uketshezi olungaphansi kokuhlolwa lwengezwe ku-barium nitrate: aluzange lubangele ukwakheka kwanoma iyiphi imvula: Ukungabikho kwama-sulphate.
Uketshezi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwengezwe nge-hydrochloric acid: akukho ukusebenza kahle okutholakele:
Ukungabikho kwe-carbonates.
Uketshezi olungaphansi kokuhlolwa lwengezwe ku-potassium sulfocyanide: umbala obomvu obonisa insimbi awutholakalanga:
Ukungabikho kwensimbi.
Uketshezi olungaphansi kokuhlolwa lwengezwe ku-potassium pyroantimoniate: i-white crystalline precipitate isici se-sodium pyroantimoniate:
Ukuba khona kwe-sodium.
Ubukhona kakade butholakele elangabini ngocingo lweplatinamu oluswakanyiswe uketshezi oluhlolwayo, okudala umbala ophuzi oshubile wesodium elangabini elikhipha i-oxidizing. I-calcium nayo yayingekho, ngoba wawungekho umbala osawolintshi obomvu owabonwa elangabini le-oxidizing. Uketshezi okukhulunywa ngalo lwengezwe ku-nitrate esiliva endaweni ye-nitric acid: Imvula emhlophe emhlophe ethambekele kancane ekubeni phuzi, izinze kusici semvula enamahhadlavuza, ngokwakheka kwe-chloride eyisiliva ebonisa ukuba khona kwe-chlorine. Ukushintshashintsha kancane kombala wemvula enamaqhuqhuva a-amorphous atholakala lapho kubhekwa izinto ezincane kakhulu (amaqhuqhuva angama-amorphous anombala omnyama), kubangele ingxoxo yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe phakathi kwamalungu eKhomishini, okuthi ngaphezu kokuphinda ukuhlolwa, enze isiqhathaniso. ihlola kokubili esixazululweni sokuphila kanye nasemanzini entwasahlobo, ibheka isici se-silver chloride precipitate, njalo ngaphansi kwenkambu yesibonakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi kwezinye zazo ingatholi umbala wesici, noma i-nuclei ebukeka njenge-amorphous emnyama. Ukuqhathaniswa kokusabela ekukhiqizweni kwezinyembezi zabantu abadala bese kwenziwa, kutholwe imvula ye-analogue ene-morphous nuclei yokubukeka okumnyama. Ukusabela okufanayo kusasenziwa ekukhiqizweni kwezinyembezi kwengane okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla futhi kwaholela emvuleni eningi kakhulu kunasekuhlolweni okubili kwangaphambilini, kodwa kumhlophe ngokubukeka nokucebile kancane ngamaqhuqhuva abukeka ngokumnyama. Manje, njengoba ekusithekeni kwe-lacrimal, ngaphezu kokuba khona kwe-sodium chloride, kukhona nezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zamaprotheni noma izinto ezifanayo, njalo zohlobo lwe-quaternary, okungukuthi, olwakhiwe yi-carbon, i-hydrogen, i-oxygen, i-nitrogen; kungaphethwa ngokuthi mayelana nalokhu kuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa nokulawulwa, i-nitrate yesiliva idala ukwakheka kweprotheyini yesiliva encibilikayo ngisho nalapho kukhona i-sodium chloride ne-asidi okuthi, maqondana nenani elikhona, ithande umbala ongahamba. ukusuka kokuphuzi ngokuphaphathekile ukuya kokuphuzi ngokunsundu kanye nakunsundu kakhulu, kuye ngenani le-protein substance. Ekubunjweni kwamaprotheni (i-quaternary) ekhishwe oketshezini oluphumayo, njengokuphuma kwe-lacrimal, kungenzeka ukuba khona, ngenxa ye-conductive affinity kanye nokwakheka, kwe-amorphous nuclei efana ngokunokwenzeka ne-alkaline urates (nayo i-quaternary) enquma, lapho ukhona. yesiliva, ukwakheka kwenhlanganisela enokubukeka okumnyama okufana ne-nuclei etholakala kokubili oketshezini oluhlolwayo nasezikhiqizweni ezimbili zezinyembezi zomuntu, futhi ezitholakala kakhulu ekukhiqizweni komuntu omdala futhi, ikakhulukazi ekugcineni, umbala ophuzi ukwehla kwe-silver chloride.
NEZIPHETHO
Ekugcineni, ukubukeka, i-alkalinity kanye nokwakheka kuholela ekukholelweni uketshezi oluhlolwe ukwakheka okufanayo kokuphuma kwezinyembezi zomuntu. ISyracuse, 9 Septhemba 1953.
kusayinwe: UDkt. Michele Cassola, Ibamba Lomqondisi. Yesigaba seMicrographic seLabhorethri yesiFundazwe.
UDkt. Francesco Cotzia, Umsizi Waselabhorethri Yesifunda Yesigaba Se-Micrographic, e-Syracuse.
UDkt. UProf. Leopoldo La Rosa, Isazi Samakhemikhali Ehlanzekile.
UDkt Mario Marletta, Udokotela Ohlinzayo.
I-Parr esayinwe ngezansi. U-Giuseppe Bruno uqinisekisa ukuthi waya ezivivinyweni zokuhlolwa ezenziwa oketshezini, okukhulunywe ngalo embikweni wamanje wesi-4, nokuthi wathola isifungo, ku-SS. AmaVangeli, abasayinileyo, abasayine ngikhona. Owakho ngokwethembeka, Giuseppe Bruno, umpristi wesifunda S. Tommaso Ap. - ISirakhuse