Izindaba Zanamuhla: Wenziwa Yini Umzimba Wokuvuka KukaKristu?

Ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokushona kwakhe, uKristu wavuka ngokukhazimula kwabafileyo. Kepha wake wazibuza yini ukuthi umzimba kaKristu ovusiwe uyini? Lokhu akuyona indaba yokungakholelwa, kepha ukwethembana okungashintshi nokwengane ukuthi umzimba ovukile kaKristu wawungokoqobo, hhayi ukusungulwa komcabango, hhayi ukuhanjiswa, hhayi umoya, kepha empeleni lapho, ukuhamba, ukukhuluma, ukudla , wavela, wanyamalala phakathi kwabafundi ngendlela uKristu ayehlose ngayo. Abangcwele neBandla basinikeze umhlahlandlela ofanelekile maqondana nesayensi yanamuhla njengakudala.

Umzimba ovusiwe ungokoqobo
Iqiniso lomzimba ovukile iqiniso eliyisisekelo lobuKristu. I-Synod yeshumi nanye yeToledo (675 AD) yathi uKrestu wabona "ukufa kwangempela enyameni" (i-veram carnis mortem) futhi wabuyiselwa empilweni ngamandla akhe (57).

Abanye baphikisana nokuthi selokhu uKrestu avela ngeminyango evaliwe kubafundi bakhe (NgokukaJohane 20: 26), futhi wanyamalala phambi kwamehlo abo (Luka 24: 31), futhi wavela ngezindlela ezihlukile (uMarku 16:12), ukuthi umzimba wakhe wawukuwedwa isithombe. Kodwa-ke, noKristu uqobo wabhekana nalokhu kuphikisana. Lapho uKristu evele kubafundi futhi ecabanga ukuthi babona umoya, wabatshela ukuthi "baphathe futhi babone" umzimba wakhe (Luka 24: 37-40). Kwakungabonakali kuphela abafundi, kodwa futhi kuyabonakala futhi kuyaphila. Ngokwesayensi, abukho ubufakazi obunamandla bokuthi ukhona umuntu ongakwazi ukuthinta umuntu ambuke ephila.

Ngakho-ke isizathu esenza ukuthi isazi semfundiso yenkolo uLudwig Ott siphawule ukuthi ukuvuswa kukaKristu kubhekwa njengobufakazi obuqine kakhulu beqiniso lemfundiso kaKristu (Izisekelo Zemfundiso YamaKatolika). Njengoba iSt Paul isho, "Uma uKristu engavuki, ukushumayela kwethu kuyize futhi nokukholwa kwenu kuyize" (1 KwabaseKhorinte 15:10). UbuKristu abulona iqiniso uma uvuko lomzimba kaKristu lwalubonakala kuphela.

Umzimba ovusiwe uyakhazinyuliswa
U-St. Thomas Aquinas uhlola lo mbono kuyi-Summa Theologi ae (ingxenye III, umbuzo 54). Umzimba kaKristu, yize wawungokoqobo, "wakhazinyuliswa" (okungukuthi usesimweni esikhazimulisiwe). USt. Thomas ucaphuna uSt. Gregory ethi "umzimba kaKristu uboniswa ungowesimo esifanayo, kepha ungowenkazimulo ehlukile, emva kovuko" (III, 54, isihloko 2). Kusho ukuthini? Kusho ukuthi umzimba okhazinyulisiwe usewumzimba, kepha awukho ngaphansi kwenkohliso.

Njengoba besingasho ku-terminology yesayensi yanamuhla, umzimba okhazinyulisiwe awaphansi kwemandla nemithetho ye-physics ne-chemistry. Imizimba yabantu, eyenziwe ngezinto esetafuleni lesikhathi, ingeyemiphefumulo enengqondo. Noma amandla ethu obuhlakani futhi esinika amandla okulawula okwenziwa yimizimba yethu - singamomotheka, sithuke, sigqoke umbala esiwuthandayo, noma sifunde incwadi - imizimba yethu isalawulwa yimvelo. Isibonelo, zonke izifiso zomhlaba zingenakususa imibimbi yethu noma zenze izingane zethu zikhule. Futhi umzimba ongakhazinyulisiwe awunakukugwema ukufa. Amasimba ayizinhlelo zomzimba ezihleleke kahle futhi, njengazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba, alandela imithetho ye-enthalpy ne-entropy. Badinga amandla ukuze bahlale bephila, uma kungenjalo bayobola, bahambisane nomhlaba wonkana beya ekuphazamisekeni.

Lokhu akunjalo ngemizimba ekhazinyulisiwe. Ngenkathi singeke sithathe amasampula omzimba okhazinyulwayo elabhorethri ukwenza uchungechunge lokuhlaziya okuyisisekelo, singabonisana ngombuzo. USt. Thomas uthi yonke imizimba ekhazinyulisiwe isakhiwa ngezinto (sup, 82). Ngokusobala lokhu bekusezinsukwini zethebula langaphambi kwezikhathi ezithile, kepha noma kunjalo isici sibhekisa endabeni nasemandleni. USt. Thomas uyazibuza ukuthi ngabe izakhi ezakha umzimba zihlala zinjalo? Ingabe nabo benza okufanayo? Bangakwazi kanjani ukuhlala beyinto efanayo uma bangenzi ngokwemvelo yabo? USt. Thomas uphetha ngokuthi udaba luyaqhubeka, ligcina izakhiwo zalo, kepha luphelele.

Ngoba bathi izinto zizohlala zisetshenzisiwe kepha zizoncishwa izimfanelo zabo ezisebenzayo nezingenamsebenzi. Kepha lokhu akubonakali njengeqiniso: ngoba izimfanelo ezisebenzayo nezingenakuphikiswa zingezokuphelela kwezinto, ukuze kuthi lapho izakhi zibuyiselwe ngaphandle kwazo emzimbeni womuntu okhuphukayo, zizobe zingapheleli kakhulu njengamanje. (sup, 82, 1)

Umgomo ofanayo owakha izakhi nezimo zemizimba yiyona mfundo efanayo ebenza baphelele, lowo nguNkulunkulu .Kunengqondo ukuthi uma imizimba yangempela yenziwe ngezinto zomzimba, nayo iyimizimba ekhazinyulisiwe. Kungenzeka ukuthi ama-elektroni nazo zonke ezinye izinhlayiya ze-subatomic emizimbeni ekhazinyulisiwe akasabuswa amandla amahhala, amandla i-system ye-thermodynamic atholakalayo ukwenza umsebenzi, amandla okuqhuba okuqina okuchaza ukuthi kungani ama-athomu kanye ama-molecule ahlela indlela enza ngayo. Emzimbeni ovusiwe kaKristu, izakhi zizobe zingaphansi kwamandla kaKristu, "leloZwi, okumele lidluliselwe emsindweni kaNkulunkulu kuphela" (Synod of Toledo, 43). Lokhu kufanela iVangeli likaSanta John: “Ekuqaleni wayekhona uLizwi. . . . Zonke izinto zenziwa nguye. . . . Impilo yayikuye ”(Johane 1: 1-4).

Yonke indalo inaye uNkulunkulu .Kukwanele ukusho ukuthi umzimba okhazinyulisiwe unamandla okuphila angenawo umzimba ongahlanganisiwe. Imizimba ekhazinyulisiwe ayinakonakala (ayinamandla okubola) futhi ayinamandla (ayikwazi ukuhlupheka). Baqine esigabeni sendalo, kusho uSt. Thomas, "onamandla hhayi oziqhelisa nobuthakathaka" (sup, 82, 1). Singakwazi, noSt Thomas, ukuphetha ngokuthi izakhi zigcina izimfanelo zazo kodwa zenziwe ngokuphelele emthethweni ophakeme. Imizimba ekhazinyulisiwe nakho konke okuqukethe kuzoba "ngokuphelele ngaphansi komphefumulo onengqondo, noma ngabe umphefumulo uzithobela uNkulunkulu ngokuphelele" (sup, 82, 1).

Ukukholwa, isayensi nethemba kuhlangene
Qaphela ukuthi lapho siqinisekisa ukuvuka kweNkosi, sihlanganisa ukholo, isayensi nethemba. Izindawo zemvelo nezingaphezu kwemvelo zivela kuNkulunkulu, futhi konke kuncike ekuveleni kaphezulu. Izimangaliso, ukukhazinyuliswa nokuvuswa kokwephula imithetho ye-physics. Lemicimbi inembangela efanayo ehlelekile eyenza amadwala awele emhlabeni, kepha angaphezulu kwe-physics.

Uvuko seluqedile umsebenzi wokuhlenga, kanti nomzimba kaKhazimule okhazinyulisiwe uyisibonelo semizimba ekhazinyulisiwe yabangcwele. Noma ngabe yini sihlupheka, siyesaba noma siyikhuthazelela ngenkathi siphila, isethembiso se-Ista yithemba lobunye noKristu ezulwini.

ISt Paul icacisa ngaleli themba. Utshela amaRoma ukuthi siyizindlalifa kanye noKristu.

Kepha uma sihlupheka kanye naye, singakhazinyuliswa kanye naye. Ngoba ngikholwa ukuthi izinhlupheko zalesi sikhathi azikufanele ukuqhathaniswa nenkazimulo ezayo, ezokwembulwa kithi. (Roma 8: 18-19, Douai-Reims Bible)

Utshela abaseKolose ukuthi uKristu ungukuphila kwethu: "Lapho uKristu, oyimpilo yethu, evele, nani nizobonakala kanye naye enkazimulweni" (Col 3: 4).

Kuqinisekisa abaseKhorinte ngalesi sithembiso: “Lokho okubulalayo kungaginywa yimpilo. Manje lowo osenzela lokhu, nguNkulunkulu, osinike isibambiso sikaMoya ”(2 Kor 5: 4-5, Bible of Douai-Reims).

Futhi uyasixoxela. UKristu impilo yethu edlula ukuhlupheka nokufa. Lapho indalo ihlengwa, ikhululiwe kubushiqela bokonakala phansi kuye kuzo zonke izinhlayiya ezibandakanya itafula lezikhathi ezithile, singathemba ukuthi sizokuba yilokho esadalwa saba yikho. Haleluya, uvukile.