Isonto lokuqala lithini ngama-tattoos?
Ucezu lwethu lwakamuva kuma-tattoos asendulo asendleleni eya e-Jerusalem akhiqiza ukuphawula okuningi, kusuka kumakamu we-pro ne-anti-tattoo.
Engxoxweni eyalandela ehhovisi, saba nentshisekelo kulokho iSonto elikushoyo ngomlando ngokudweba tattoo.
Akukho-mbhalo wasebhayibhelini noma osemthethweni owenqabela amaKatolika ukuthola ama-tattoos (ngokungafani neminye imibiko yamanga yokuvinjwa kukaPapa Adrian I, okungeke kutholakale) obekungasebenza kumaKatolika namuhla, kodwa izazi zezenkolo zokuqala nababhishobhi bake baphawula ngalokhu phatha ngegama noma ngesenzo.
Enye yezingcaphuno ezivame kakhulu eziphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwama-tattoos phakathi kwamaKristu ivesi elivela kuLevitikusi elenqabela amaJuda ukuba "anqume izidumbu zabantu abafile noma abeke uphawu lwe-tattoo kuwe". (Levitikusi 19:28). Kodwa-ke, iSonto lamaKhatholika belilokhu lihlukanisa phakathi kweMithetho Yokuziphatha noMthetho KaMose eTestamenteni Elidala. Umthetho wokuziphatha - ngokwesibonelo, iMiyalo Eyishumi - uhlala ubopha kumaKristu namuhla, ngenkathi umthetho kaMose, osebenzelana kakhulu namasiko amaJuda, uchithwa ngesivumelwano esisha ekubethelelweni kukaJesu Kristu.
Ukwenqatshelwa kwama-tattoos kufakiwe eMthethweni KaMose, futhi ngenxa yalokho iSonto namuhla alikuboni njengebopha amaKatolika. (Futhi umbhalo obalulekile ongokomlando: Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, lokhu kwenqatshelwa kwesinye isikhathi bekunganakwa ngisho naphakathi kwamakholwa angamaJuda ngesikhathi sikaKristu, abanye ababambiqhaza ababedabukile befaka umdwebo wegama labo ababathandayo ngemuva kokufa.)
Okunye okuthokozisayo wumkhuba obanzi wesiko phakathi kwamasiko amaRoma namaGrikhi wokumaka izigqila neziboshwa nge "stigma" noma i-tattoo ukukhombisa ukuthi isigqila sikabani noma siphi isenzo sobugebengu esenziwe isiboshwa. USanta Paul ubuye abize lokhu ngokoqobo encwadini yakhe eya kwabaseGalathiya: “Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, akekho onganginikeza izinkinga; ngoba ngiphethe izimpawu zikaJesu emzimbeni wami ”. Ngenkathi izazi zebhayibheli ziphikisana ngokuthi iphuzu likaSt Paul lapha lifanekiselwa, iphuzu lisalokhu lokuthi wazimaka nge "stigmata" - ngokuvamile eqondwa njenge-tattoo - kwakuwumkhuba ojwayelekile wokwenza isifaniso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobufakazi bokuthi kwezinye izindawo ngaphambi kokubusa kukaConstantine, amaKristu aqala ukulindela "ubugebengu" bokuba ngumKristu ngokuzimaka njengamaKristu ngama-tattoos uqobo.
Izazi-mlando zakuqala, kufaka phakathi isazi sekhulu le-XNUMX kanye ne-Procopius yaseGaza kanye nomlobi wezincwadi waseByzantine wekhulu lesi-XNUMX uTheophilact Simocatta, baqopha izindaba zamaKristu endawo ngokuzithoba ngokuzitika ngama-Crosses eZweni Elingcwele nase-Anatolia.
Kunobufakazi futhi phakathi kwabanye, imiphakathi emincane emasontweni okuqala angamaKristu aseNtshonalanga ezimaka ngama-tattoos noma amabala amanxeba kaKristu.
Ngekhulu lesi-787, isiko le-tattoo kwakuyisihloko esaphakanyiswa emikhakheni eyahlukene kuwo wonke umhlaba wobuKristu, kusukela ekubhalweni kwezimpawu zokuhambela abahambi bokuqala ukuya eZweni Elingcwele kuya embuzweni wokusetshenziswa kwezingubo zangaphambili ze-tattoo zamaqaba phakathi kwabantu abasha bobuKristu. EMkhandlwini waseNorthumberland angama-XNUMX - umhlangano wabaholi bezwe kanye nabefundisi e-England - abahlaziyi abangamaKristu bahlukanisa phakathi kwezimpawu zenkolo nezenhlamba. Emibhalweni yomkhandlu, babhale:
“Lapho umuntu ebhekana nosizi lwe-tattoo wothando lukaNkulunkulu, uyaziswa kakhulu. Kepha noma ngubani ozithoba ekuthwetshweni tattoo ngenxa yezizathu ezikhohlisayo ngendlela yabahedeni ngeke azuze lapho. "
Ngaleso sikhathi, amasiko ama-tattoo angaphambi kobuKristu ayesekhona phakathi kwamaBrithani. Ukwemukelwa kwama-tattoos kwahlala emasikweni amaNgisi amaNgisi amashumi eminyaka ngemuva kweNorthumbria, ngenganekwane yokuthi inkosi yamaNgisi uHarold II yahlonzwa ngemuva kokushona kwakhe ngamathathu.
Kamuva, abanye abapristi - ikakhulukazi abapristi bamaFrancis beLizwe Elingcwele - baqala ukuthatha inalithi ye-tattoo ngokwabo njengeziko lokuhamba, futhi ama-souvenir tattoos aqala ukuthatha phakathi kwezivakashi zaseYurophu eZweni Elingcwele. Abanye abapristi abavela eLate Antiquity kanye ne-Early Middle Ages babedlala ngama-tattoos ngokwabo.
Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke ababhishobhi kanye nabafundisi bezenkolo esontweni lokuqala ababengama-pro-tattoo. ISanta Basil the Great yashumayela ngomusa ngekhulu lesine:
“Akekho umuntu ovumela izinwele zakhe zikhule noma zibhalwe tattoo njengabahedeni, labo baphostoli bakaSathane abazenza abadelelekayo ngokufaka imicabango emibi nemibi. Ungazihlanganisi nalabo abazimaka ngameva nezinaliti ukuze igazi labo ligobhoze emhlabeni. "
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-tattoos ziye zavinjwa ngisho nababusi abangamaKristu. Ngo-316, umbusi omusha wobuKristu, uMbusi uConstantine, wakuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwama-tattoos obugebengu ebusweni bomuntu, ephawula ukuthi "selokhu isigwebo sesigwebo sakhe singakhonjiswa bobabili ezandleni nasematholeni akhe, ngakho-ke ukuthi ubuso bakhe, obunjwe ngokufana nobuhle baphezulu, abunakuhlaziswa. "
Cishe iminyaka engama-2000 XNUMX yengxoxo yobuKristu ngale ndaba, akukho kufundiswa okusemthethweni kweSonto kuma-tattoos. Kepha ngomlando ocebile ongaka bawuthola, amaKristu anethuba lokuzwa ukuhlakanipha kwabafundisi bezenkolo eminyakeni eyikhulu yeminyaka njengoba becabanga ngaphambi kokusayina.