U-Origen: I-Biography yeNdoda Yesimbi
U-Origen wayengomunye wabobaba besonto bokuqala, owayeshiseka kakhulu kangangokuba wahlushwa ukholo lwakhe, kodwa waba nempikiswano yokuthi wamenyezelwa ukuthi ungumhlubuki emveni kokushona kwakhe ngenxa yezinye izinkolelo zakhe ezingezona ezingokwenkolo. Igama lakhe eliphelele, u-Origen Adamantius, lisho ukuthi "indoda yensimbi", isihloko asithole ngokuphila kokuhlupheka.
Ngisho nanamuhla u-Origen ubhekwa njengesiqhwaga sefilosofi yobuKristu. Iphrojekthi yakhe ka-Hexapla eneminyaka engama-28 ubudala yayihlaziya kakhulu iTestamente Elidala elibhalelwe ukugxekwa kwamaJuda nangamaGnostic. Kuthatha igama layo ezinsikeni zayo eziyisithupha, kuqhathaniswa iTestamente Elidala lamaJuda, iSeptuagint nezinguqulo ezine zesiGreki, kanye nokuphawula kuka-Origen.
Wakhiqiza amakhulu eminye imibhalo, wahamba futhi washumayela kabanzi futhi wenza impilo yokuzilolonga nge-spartan, abanye basho, beziphonsa ukuze bagweme isilingo. Isenzo sokugcina sagxekwa kakhulu ngabantu besikhathi sakhe.
Ukukhalipha kwezemfundo esemncane
U-Origen wazalwa cishe ngo-185 AD eduze nase-Alexandria, eGibhithe. Ngo-202 AD uyise uLeonidas wanqunywa ikhanda njengomfel 'ukholo ongumKristu. U-Origen osemusha wayefuna futhi ukuba ngumfel 'ukholo, kodwa umama wakhe wamvimbela ukuthi angahambi ngokufihla izingubo zakhe.
Njengomdala kubantwana abayisikhombisa, u-Origen wabhekana nenkinga: kanjani ukondla umndeni wakhe. Waqala isikole solimi futhi wanezela leyo mali ngokukopisha imibhalo nangokufundisa abantu ababefuna ukuba ngamaKristu.
Lapho umguquki ocebile enikeza u-Origen onobhala, lo mfundi osemusha wathuthuka ngezinga lokuziba, ezigcina ematasa ebhala abasebenzi abayisikhombisa ngasikhathi sinye. Ubhale ukuvezwa kokuhleleka okokuqala kwemfundiso yenkolo yobuKristu, i-On First Mfundo, kanye neCelsus (Ngokumelene neCelsus), okungaxhunyiwe ku-apologetics okubhekwe njengenye yezindlela eziqinile zokuzivikela emlandweni wobuKristu.
Kepha imitapo yolwazi iyodwa yayinganele u-Origen. Wahamba waya eLizweni Elingcwele ukuyofunda nokushumayela lapho. Njengombana bekangakabekwa, wagxekwa nguDemetrius, umbhishobhi wase-Alexandria. Ekuhambeleni kwakhe okwesibili ePalestine, u-Origen wamiswa njengompristi lapho, ophinde wakhanga intukuthelo kaDemetrius, owayecabanga ukuthi owesilisa kufanele amiswe kuphela esontweni lakhe lokuzalwa. U-Origen uthathe umhlalaphansi futhi waya eZweni Elingcwele, lapho amukelwa khona ngumbhishobhi waseKhesariya futhi wayedingeka kakhulu njengomfundisi.
Kuhlushwa abaseRoma
U-Origen wayehlonishwe ngunina wenkosi yaseRoma uSeverus Alexander, yize umbusi uqobo wayengeyena umKristu. Emzabalazweni wokulwa nezizwe zaseJalimane ngonyaka ka-235 AD, amabutho ka-Alexander aqumbelana futhi ambulala yena kanye nonina. Umbusi owalandela, uMaximinus I, waqala ukushushisa amaKristu, ephoqa u-Origen ukuba abalekele eKapadokiya. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, yena wabulawa yena, wavumela u-Origen ukuba abuyele eKhesariya, lapho ahlala khona kuze kube yilapho kuqala ukushushiswa ngonya.
Ngo-250 AD, uMbusi uDecius wakhipha isimemezelo kuwo wonke umbuso owayala bonke abantu ukuba benze umhlatshelo wobuhedeni phambi kwezikhulu zamaRoma. Lapho amaKristu ephonsela uhulumeni inselelo, ajeziswa noma abulawelwa ukholo.
U-Origen waboshwa futhi wahlushwa emzameni wokumphindisela enkolweni yakhe. Imilenze yakhe yayelulwa kobuhlungu, wayengondli kahle futhi esongelwa ngomlilo. U-Origen wakwazi ukusinda waze wabulawa uDecius empini ngo-251 AD, wadedelwa ejele.
Ngeshwa, umonakalo wawenziwe. Impilo yokuqala ka-Origen yokuzenyeza kanye nokulimala kwakhe ejele yabangela impilo yakhe ukuba ibe buthaka. Washona ngo-254 AD
U-Origen: iqhawe nomlobi
U-Origen uye waba nedumela elingenakuphikiswa lokuba yisazi seBhayibheli nomhlaziyi. Wayengumbonisi wezenkolo ophayona wahlanganisa umqondo wefilosofi nokwambulwa kwemiBhalo.
Ngenkathi amaKhristu okuqala eshushiswa ngesihluku umbuso wamaRoma, u-Origen washushiswa futhi wahlukunyezwa, wabe esehlukunyezwa ngobudlova ngenhloso yokuzama ukumenza aphike uJesu Kristu, ngaleyo ndlela ehlisa amanye amaKristu. Esikhundleni salokho, wamelana ngesibindi.
Noma kunjalo, eminye yemibono yakhe yayiphikisana nezinkolelo zamaKristu ezimisiwe. Wayecabanga ukuthi uZiqu-zintathu wayengumbuso, uNkulunkulu uYise emyalile, bese kuba yiNdodana, bese kuba nguMoya oNgcwele. Inkolelo yama-Orthodox ukuthi abantu abathathu kuNkulunkulu oyedwa bayalingana ngazo zonke izindlela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, wafundisa ukuthi yonke imiphefumulo ekuqaleni yayilingana futhi yadalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, ngakho bawela esonweni. Base banikezwa imizimba esekelwe ebangeni lesono sabo, wathi: amademoni, abantu noma izingelosi. AmaKhristu akholelwa ukuthi umphefumulo wadalwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa; abantu bahlukile ngamademoni nezingelosi.
Ukuhamba kwakhe okubi kakhulu kwakuyimfundiso yakhe yokuthi yonke imiphefumulo ingasindiswa, kubandakanya noSathane. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni uMkhandlu waseConstantinople, ngonyaka ka-553 AD, uveze ukuthi u-Origen ungumhlubuki.
Izazi-mlando ziyaluthanda uthando luka-Origen ngoKhristu nokukhohlakala kwakhe kanyekanye nefilosofi yamaGrikhi. Ngeshwa, umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu uHexapla ubhujisiwe. Ekwahlulelweni kokugcina, u-Origen, njengawo wonke amaKristu, wayengumuntu owenza izinto eziningi ezilungile nezinto ezithile ezingalungile.