UPapa Francis uguqula ikhodi yesigwebo seVatican
UPapa Francis ngoLwesibili wenze izinguquko eziningana ekhodi yokujeziswa kweVatican, ecaphuna "ukuguquguquka kwemizwa" edinga ukuvuselelwa komthetho "ongasasebenzi". "Izidingo esezivelile, ngisho muva nje, emkhakheni wezobulungiswa, nemiphumela elandelayo yomsebenzi walabo abathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, bakhathazekile, badinga ukunakwa njalo ukuze kuguqulwe umthetho osebenzayo nowenqubo", kuqinisekisa ubaba esethulweni se-motu proprio yangoFebhuwari 16. Uthe umthetho uthonywe "yizinqubo ezikhuthazayo nezixazululo ezisebenzayo [manje] ezingasasebenzi." Ngakho-ke, uFrancis uthe, uqhubeka nenqubo yokuvuselela umthetho njengoba kushiwo "ngukushintsha kwezimo zezikhathi". Izinguquko eziningi ezethulwe uPapa Francis ziphathelene nokuphathwa kwabasolwa ecaleni lobugebengu, okubandakanya nokwehliswa kwesigwebo ngokuziphatha kahle nokungaboshwa ozankosi enkantolo.
Isengezo se-Article 17 yeCriminal Code sithi uma owonile, ngesikhathi sokugwetshwa kwakhe, "aziphathe ngendlela ekhombisa ukuphenduka kwakhe futhi abambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa nokubuyiswa kabusha", isigwebo sakhe singancishiswa. Kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-45 kuye kwezingu-120 unyaka ngamunye wokudonsa isigwebo. Uyanezela ukuthi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesigwebo, owonile angangena esivumelwaneni nejaji sohlelo lokwelashwa nokuhlanganiswa ngokuzibophezela okuthile "ekuqedeni noma ekunciphiseni imiphumela yecala", ngezenzo ezifana nokulungisa umonakalo o ukwenziwa kokuzithandela kosizo lomphakathi, "kanye nokuziphatha okuhlose ukukhuthaza, lapho kungenzeka khona, ukulamula nomuntu olimele". I-Article 376 ithathelwe indawo ngamagama amasha athi ummangalelwa oboshiwe ngeke afakwe ozankosi ngesikhathi kuqulwa icala, kuthathwe nezinye izindlela zokuvikela ukweqa kwakhe. UPope Francis uphinde wathi, ngaphezu kwe-Article 379, uma, noma kunjalo, ummangalelwa engakwazi ukuhambela ukulalelwa ngenxa "yesithiyo esisemthethweni nesibi, noma uma ngenxa yokugula kwengqondo engakwazi ukuzivikela", ukulalelwa izomiswa noma ihlehliswe. Uma ummangalelwa enqaba ukuhambela ukulalelwa kwecala, ngaphandle kokuba "nesithiyo esisemthethweni futhi esibi", ukulalelwa kuzoqhubeka kube sengathi ummangalelwa ubekhona futhi uzomelwa ngummeli wabameli.
Olunye ushintsho ukuthi isinqumo senkantolo ecaleni lingenziwa nommangalelwa "engekho" futhi kuzobhekwa ngendlela ejwayelekile. Lezi zinguquko zingaphazamisa ukuqulwa kwecala elizayo eVatican elibhekene noCecilia Marogna, owesifazane oneminyaka engama-39 wase-Italy osolwa ngokukhwabanisa, okuyinto ayiphikayo. NgoJanuwari, iVatican yamemezela ukuthi isihoxisile isicelo sikaMarogna sokulanda u-Italy eVatican futhi yathi ukuqulwa kwecala lakhe kuzoqala maduze. Isitatimende seVatican siveze ukuthi uMarogna wenqabile ukuvela ayophenywa ngesikhathi kuqhubeka uphenyo lokuqala, kodwa inkantolo yahoxisa umyalelo wokuba abuyiselwe enkantolo ukuze amvumele "abambe iqhaza ecaleni elaliqulwa eVatican, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuzivikela ezisabhekene naye." Umbuzo usalokhu ukuthi ngabe uMarogna, ofake izikhalazo ezinkantolo zase-Italy ngamacala asolwa ngaye mayelana nokuboshwa kwakhe ngo-Okthoba odlule, uzobe ekhona ukuzivikela ecaleni elizoba seVatican. UPope Francis wabuye wenza izichibiyelo eziningana futhi wanezela ohlelweni lwezobulungiswa eVatican City State, esebenza kakhulu ngenqubo, njengokuvumela imantshi evela ehhovisi lomgqugquzeli wezobulungiswa ukuba yenze imisebenzi yomshushisi ekulalelweni nasezigwebeni zokudlulisa amacala . UFrancis wengeze nendima ethi ekugcineni kwemisebenzi yabo, izimantshi ezijwayelekile zaseVictoria City State "zizogcina wonke amalungelo, usizo, ukuphepha kwezenhlalo kanye neziqinisekiso ezinikezwe izakhamizi". Kwikhodi yenqubo yezobugebengu, i-motu proprio yathi upapa uphinde wasusa izindatshana 282, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 497, 498 kanye ne-499 zekhodi yenqubo yobugebengu. Izinguquko ziqala ukusebenza ngokushesha