USaint Paul VI, oNgcwele wosuku lukaSepthemba 26
(26 Septhemba 1897 - 6 Agasti 1978)
Umlando kaSanta Paul VI
Wazalelwa ngaseBrescia enyakatho ne-Italy, uGiovanni Battista Montini wayengowesibili ezinganeni ezintathu. Uyise, uGiorgio, wayengummeli, umhleli futhi ekugcineni waba yilungu le-Chamber of Deputies yase-Italy. Unina, uGiuditta, wayehileleke kakhulu kwi-Catholic Action.
Ngemuva kokugcotshwa kwakhe njengompristi ngo-1920, uGiovanni waphothula izifundo zezincwadi, ifilosofi nomthetho wezincwadi eRoma ngaphambi kokujoyina i-Vatican Secretariat of State ngo-1924, lapho asebenza khona iminyaka engama-30. Wayebuye abe ngumfundisi weFederal of Italian Catholic University Students, lapho ahlangana khona waba ngumngani omkhulu ka-Aldo Moro, owagcina esengundunankulu. UMoro wathunjwa yiRed Brigades ngoMashi 1978 wabulawa ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva. UPapa Paul VI owayephatheke kabi wengamela umngcwabo wakhe.
Ngo-1954, uFr. UMontini wabekwa njengombhishobhi omkhulu waseMilan, lapho azama khona ukubuyisa abasebenzi beSonto LamaKatolika ababengasebenzi. Uzibize "njengombhishobhi omkhulu wabasebenzi" futhi ubehlala evakashela amafektri ngenkathi ebhekele ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesonto lendawo elonakaliswe kabi yiMpi Yezwe II.
Ngo-1958 uMontini waba ngowokuqala konkhadinali abangama-23 abaqokwa uPapa John XXIII, ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokhetho lwamuva lukaPapa. UKhadinali Montini ube nesandla ekulungisweni kweVatican II futhi wabamba iqhaza ngentshiseko ezinhlelweni zayo zokuqala. Ngenkathi ekhethwa njengopapa ngoJuni 1963, ngokushesha wanquma ukuqhubeka nalowo Mkhandlu, owawunezikhathi ezintathu ngaphambi kokuphothulwa kwawo ngoDisemba 8, 1965. Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuphothulwa kweVatican II, uPaul VI noMbhishobhi omkhulu u-Athenagoras bakususa ukuxoshwa kwabo ababengaphambi kwabo benziwa ngo-1054. Upapa wasebenza kanzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ababhishobhi bayayamukela imibhalo engu-16 yomkhandlu ngobuningi obukhulu.
UPaul VI wamangaza umhlaba ngokuvakashela iZwe Elingcwele ngoJanuwari 1964 futhi wahlangana mathupha no-Athenagoras, uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Wezenkolo waseConstantinople. Upapa wenza ezinye izinkambo eziyisishiyagalombili zomhlaba wonke, kuhlanganisa no-1965, ukuvakashela eNew York City nokukhulumela ukuthula phambi kwe-United Nations General Assembly. Ubuye wavakashela eNdiya, eColombia, e-Uganda nakwamanye amazwe ayisikhombisa ase-Asia ohambweni lwezinsuku eziyishumi ngo-10.
Futhi ngo-1965 wasungula i-World Sinod of Bishops kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo wakhipha isinqumo sokuthi ababhishobhi kumele banikele ngokusula kwabo lapho sebefika eminyakeni engama-75. Ngo-1970 wanquma ukuthi okhadinali abangaphezu kuka-80 babengeke besavota emibuthanweni kapapa noma inhloko yezikhulu zeHome See. emahhovisi. Wayelikhulise kakhulu inani labakhadinali, enikeza amazwe amaningi ukhadinali wabo wokuqala. Ekugcineni esungula ubudlelwano bokuxhumana phakathi kwe-Holy See namazwe angama-40, waphinde wasungula umkhankaso wokuqapha unomphela kwiNhlangano Yezizwe ngo-1964. UPaul VI wabhala izincwadi eziyisikhombisa; okwakamuva kakhulu ngo-1968 ngempilo yomuntu - uHumanae Vitae - kwavimbela inzalo yokufakelwa.
UPapa Paul VI washona eCastel Gandolfo ngo-Agasti 6, 1978, wangcwatshwa eSt. Wabuyiselwa ku-Okthoba 19, 2014 futhi wagcotshwa njengo-Okthoba 14, 2018.
Ukuzindla
Impumelelo enkulu kaPapa Saint Paul kwaba ukuqedwa nokuqaliswa kweVatican II. Izinqumo zakhe ngenkonzo yesonto kwaba ezokuqala ukuqashelwa ngamaKhatholika amaningi, kepha eminye imibhalo yakhe - ikakhulukazi leyo yezenkolo, ubudlelwano bezenkolo, isambulo saphezulu, inkululeko yezenkolo, ukuzizwela kweSonto nomsebenzi weSonto wonke umndeni wesintu - ube yibalazwe lomgwaqo weSonto LamaKatolika kusukela ngo-1965.