Kodi analemba Koran ndi liti?

Mawu a Koran adasonkhanitsidwa pomwe adawululidwa kwa mneneri Muhammad, modziwidwa ndi kukumbukira ndi Asilamu oyambilira ndipo adalembedwa ndi alembi.

Moyang'aniridwa ndi mneneri Muhammad
Monga momwe Korani idawululidwira, mneneri Muhammad adapanga makonzedwe apadera kuti atsimikizire kuti adalembedwa. Ngakhale mneneri Muhammad mwiniyo samatha kuwerenga kapena kulemba, adawatanthauzira mawuwo ndikulamula alembi kuti alembe vumbulutsoli pazinthu zilizonse zomwe zidapezeka: nthambi za mitengo, miyala, zikopa ndi mafupa. Kenako alembi amawerengera zolembedwazo kwa Mtumiki, yemwe amawayang'ana kuti awone zolakwika. Vesi lililonse latsopano likawulululidwa, mneneri Muhammad adanenanso za kukhazikitsidwa kwake mkati mwa zomwe zidali kukula.

Mneneri Muhammad atamwalira, Korani inali italembedwa kwathunthu. Komabe, sizinali m'mabuku. Zinajambulidwa pamipukutu yosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimasungidwa ndi Anzake a Mneneri.

Moyang'aniridwa ndi a Caliph Abu Bakr
Mneneri Muhammad atamwalira, Quran yonse idakumbukiridwanso m'mitima ya Asilamu oyambirirawo. Mazana a oyamba a Mneneri adaloweza mawu onse, ndipo Asilamu adatchulanso zigawo zikuluzikuluzo tsiku lililonse. Asilamu ambiri oyambirirawo adalembanso zolembedwa zaQur'an zolembedwa zosiyanasiyana.

Zaka khumi pambuyo pa Hijrah (632 AD), ambiri a alembi achisilamu ndi odzipereka oyambirira adaphedwa pa Nkhondo ya Yamama. Pomwe anthu amderalo amalira kutayika kwa anzawo, iwonso adayamba kuda nkhawa zakusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali kwa Korani Yoyera. Pozindikira kuti mawu a Allah akuyenera kusungidwa pamalo amodzi ndikusungidwa, Kaliph Abu Bakr adalamula anthu onse omwe adalemba masamba a Korani kuti awadzaze pamalo amodzi. Ntchitoyi idakonzedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi m'modzi mwa alembi odziwika a Muhammad, Zayd bin Thabit.

Njira zolembera Koran kuchokera patsamba lina lolembedwera zidachitika m'magawo anayi:

Zayd bin Thabit watsimikizira vesi lililonse ndi kukumbukira kwake.
Umar ibn Al-Khattab watsimikizira vesi lililonse. Amuna onsewa anali kuloweza Quran yonse.
Mboni ziwiri zodalirika zimayenera kuchitira umboni kuti malembawo adalembedwa pamaso pa mneneri Muhammad.
Mavesi omwe adatsimikizidwa adasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi omwe amatola anzawo.
Njira iyi yofufuzira ndi kutsimikizira kuchokera kumagwero opitilira imodzi yatengera mosamala kwambiri. Cholinga chake chinali kukonza cholembedwa chomwe gulu lonse lingatsimikizire, kuvomereza ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati chofunikira pakafunika kutero.

Zolemba zathunthu za Quranzi zidachitika ndi a Abu Bakr ndipo zidapitilira kwa woyamba, Umar ibn Al-Khattab. Atamwalira, adapatsidwa mwana wake wamkazi Hafsah (yemwenso anali wamasiye wa mneneri Muhammad).

Moyang'aniridwa ndi a Caliph Uthman bin Affan
Chisilamu chitayamba kufalikira kudera la Arabia, anthu ochulukirapo adalowa m'chipembedzo cha Chisilamu kuchokera kutali monga Persia ndi Byzantine. Ambiri mwa Asilamu atsopanowa sanali olankhula Chiarabu kapenanso amalankhula Chiarabu mosiyana pang'ono ndi mafuko a Mecca ndi Madina. Anthu anayamba kutsutsana za zomwe matchulidwe olondola. A Coliph Uthman bin Affan adadzitengera kuti awerengere kuti Qur'an ndiyotanthauzira.

Gawo loyamba linali kubwereka choyambirira, chosakanikirana cha Korani kuchokera ku Hafsah. Komiti ya alembi achisilamu akale idalamulidwa kuti izilemba zomwe zidalembedwa kale ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zidafanana. Mabaibulo oyenerawa atamalizidwa, Uthman bin Affan adalamula kuti zolembedwa zonse zomwe zidatsalawo ziwonongedwe, kuti makope onse a Quran adafanane ndikulemba.

Ma Korani onse omwe akupezeka lero padziko lapansi ali ofanana ndendende ndi mtundu wa Uthmani, womwe unamalizidwa kupitilira zaka makumi awiri kuchokera pamene mneneri Muhammad adamwalira.

Pambuyo pake, kusintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kunachitika pakulemba kwa Chiarabu (kuwonjezera pa madontho a zilembedwe ndi zolemba) kuti athandizire kuwerenga kwa omwe sanali achiarabu. Komabe, zolemba za Qoran zakhalabe chimodzimodzi.