Akhristu achipulotesitanti: Zikhulupiriro ndi zochita za Chilutera

Pokhala imodzi mwamipingo yakale kwambiri ya Chipulotesitanti, Achilutera amalondola zikhulupiriro ndi machitidwe awo mziphunzitso za Martin Luther (1483-1546), wolankhula ku Germany motsatira dongosolo la Augustinian lotchedwa "Tate wa Kukonzanso".

Luther anali sikolala wa Baibulo ndipo amakhulupirira kwambiri kuti chiphunzitso chonse chimayenera kukhala chokhazikitsidwa ndi Malembo. Anakana lingaliro lakuti chiphunzitso cha Apapa chinali ndi kulemera kofanana ndi Baibulo.

Poyamba, Luther adangofuna kudzisinthitsa yekha ku Tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika, koma ku Roma adatinso kuti ofesi ya Papa idakhazikitsidwa ndi Yesu Khristu komanso kuti Papa amatumikiranso monga woyimira kapena woimira wa Khristu padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chake mpingo unakana kuyesa konse kuletsa udindo wa Papa kapena Cardinals.

Zikhulupiriro za Chilutera
Pomwe chipembedzo cha Lutheran chidafalikira, miyambo ina ya Roma Katolika idasungidwa, monga zovala, guwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makandulo ndi zifanizo. Komabe, kupatuka kwakukulu kwa Chiphunzitso cha Roma Katolika kunali motengera zikhulupiriro izi:

Ubatizo - Ngakhale Lutera ankati kubatiza kunali kofunikira kuti munthu akonzenso zauzimu, palibe mawonekedwe enieni omwe adalowa. Masiku ano Achilutera amachita kubatiza ana ndi kubatiza kwa okhulupilira okhulupilira. Ubatizo umachitika mwa kupopera kapena kuthira madzi m'malo momiza. Nthambi zambiri za Chilutera zimavomereza kubvomerezedwa kuchokera kuzipembedzo zina zachikhristu pamene munthu watembenuka, ndikupangitsa kubatizidwanso kukhala kopanda tanthauzo.

Katekisimu: Luther adalemba Katekisma kapena maupangiri awiri achikhulupiriro. Katekisimu Wam'ng'ono ali ndi mafotokozedwe oyambira pa Malamulo Khumi, Chikhulupiriro cha Atumwi, Pemphero la Ambuye, Ubatizo, kuvomereza, mgonero ndi mndandanda wamapempherowo. Katekisimu wamkulu amakulitsa mitu iyi.

Kuwongolera kwa tchalitchi - Luther adati matchalitchi pawokha ayenera kuwongoleredwa kwanuko, osati ndi olamulira apakati, monganso m'tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika. Ngakhale nthambi zambiri za Chilutera zidakali ndi mabishopu, sizigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo kuwongolera mipingo.

Credo - Masiku ano matchalitchi a Chilutera amagwiritsa ntchito zikhulupiriro zitatu zachikhristu: Chikhulupiriro cha Atumwi, Chikhulupiriro cha Nicene ndi Chikhulupiriro cha Athanasius. Maumboni akale achikhulupiriro awa amafotokozera mwachidule zikhulupiriro zazikulu za Chilutera.

Eschatology: Achilutera samatanthauzira za kuba ngati zipembedzo zina za Chipulotesitanti. M'malo mwake, Achilutera amakhulupirira kuti Kristu adzabweranso kamodzi, mowoneka, ndipo adzafikira Akhristu onse pamodzi ndi akufa mwa Khristu. Masautso ndimazunzo abwinobwino omwe akhristu onse amapirira kufikira tsiku lomaliza.

Kumwamba ndi Gahena - Achilutera amawona kumwamba ndi hade ngati malo enieni. Paradiso ndi ufumu womwe okhulupilira amasangalala ndi Mulungu kwamuyaya, wopanda chimo, imfa ndi zoyipa. Helo ndi malo olanga pomwe mzimu umasiyanitsidwa ndi Mulungu kwamuyaya.

Kufikira Kwaumwini kwa Mulungu - Luther ankakhulupirira kuti aliyense ali ndi ufulu kufikira Mulungu kudzera m'Malemba ndi udindo kwa Mulungu yekha. Sizofunikira kuti wansembe aziyimira pakati. "Unsembe waokhulupilira onse" udali kusintha kwakukulu kuchokera ku chiphunzitso cha Chikatolika.

Mgonero wa Ambuye - Luther adasunga sakramenti la Mgonero wa Ambuye, komwe ndiko kupembedza kofunikira kwambiri mu chipembedzo cha Chilutera. Koma chiphunzitso cha transubstantiation chidakanidwa. Ngakhale a Chilutera amakhulupirira kupezeka kwa Yesu Khristu mu mkate ndi vinyo, tchalitchi sichikunena za momwe izi zimachitikira kapena nthawi. Chifukwa chake, Achilutera amakana lingaliro kuti mkate ndi vinyo ndi zophweka.

Purgatory - Achilutera amakana chiphunzitso cha Katolika cha purigatoriyo, malo oyeretsa komwe okhulupirira amapita akafa asanalowe kumwamba. Tchalitchi cha Lutheran chimaphunzitsanso kuti kulibe thandizo la m'Malemba komanso kuti akufa amapita kumwamba kapena kuhelo.

Chipulumutso mwa chisomo kudzera mchikhulupiriro - Luther adatsimikiza kuti chipulumutso chimabwera kudzera mchisomo chokha kudzera mchikhulupiriro; osati ntchito ndi masakaramenti. Chiphunzitso chofunikachi chodzilungamitsira chikuyimira kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Lutheranist ndi Katolika. Luther adati ntchito monga kusala kudya, maulendo, novenas, kukhululuka ndi magulu azolinga zapadera zilibe gawo pa chipulumutso.

Chipulumutsidwe cha onse - Luther adakhulupirira kuti chipulumutso chitha kupezeka kwa anthu onse kudzera mu chiwombolo cha Khristu.

Malembo - Luther adakhulupirira kuti malembawo anali ndi chitsogozo chokha chofunikira ku chowonadi. Ku Tchalitchi cha Lutheran, kutsimikizira kumvetsera ku Mawu a Mulungu. Mpingo umatiphunzitsa kuti Baibulo silimangokhala ndi Mawu a Mulungu, koma liwu lililonse louziridwa ndi Mulungu kapena "lidauziridwa ndi Mulungu". Mzimu Woyera ndiye wolemba Bayibulo.

Machitidwe Achilutera
Masakramenti - Lutera amakhulupirira kuti masakaramenti anali othandiza pokhapokha ngati thandizo ku chikhulupiriro. Masakramenti amayamba ndikulimbitsa chikhulupiriro, ndikupereka chisomo kwa iwo omwe amatenga nawo mbali. Mpingo wa Katolika umati masakaramenti asanu ndi awiri, Mpingo wa Chilutera awiri okha: Ubatizo ndi Mgonero wa Ambuye.

Kupembedza - Ponena za kapembedzedwe, Luther adasankha kusunga maguwa ndi zovala ndikukonzekera dongosolo lautesi, koma podziwitsa kuti palibe mpingo womwe umayenera kutsatira dongosolo linalake. Zotsatira zake, kutsindika tsopano kwayikidwa pa njira ya kupembedza njira zopembedzera, koma sipangakhale yunifolomu iliyonse ya nthambi zonse za mpingo wa Chilutera. Malo ofunikira amaperekedwa polalikira, kuyimba kwa mpingo ndi nyimbo, monga momwe Luther anali wokonda nyimbo kwambiri.