Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Asilamu achi Shiite ndi a Sunni

Asilamu a Sunni ndi Shiite amagawana zikhulupiriro zachisilamu ndi zikhulupiriro ndipo ndi magawo awiri akulu achisilamu. Amasiyana, komabe, ndikuti kudzipatula kumeneku sikudali kosiyana ndi zauzimu, koma kwa andale. Pakupita kwa zaka zambiri, kusiyana kwandale izi kwatulutsa machitidwe ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana omwe atengera kufunika kwa uzimu.

Mizati isanu ya Chisilamu
Mizati isanu ya Chisilamu imanena za ntchito zachipembedzo kwa Mulungu, kukula kwa uzimu payekha, kusamalira anthu ochepa mwayi, kudziletsa komanso kudzipereka. Amapereka chimangidwe cha moyo wa Msilamu, monga momwe zipilala zimachitira ndi nyumba.

Nkhani ya utsogoleri
Kugawika pakati pa ma Shiites ndi ma Sunnis kuyambira pa kumwalira kwa mneneri Muhammad mchaka cha 632. Izi zidakweza funso loti ndi ndani yemwe azitsogolera dziko la Asilamu.

Sunnism ndiye nthambi yayikulu komanso yodziwika bwino ku Chisilamu. Mawu oti Sunn, m'Chiarabu, amachokera ku mawu omwe amatanthauza "amene amatsatira miyambo ya Mneneri".

Asilamu achiSunni amavomerezana ndi anzawo ambiri a Mneneri panthawi yomwe amwalira: kuti mtsogoleri watsopano ayenera kusankhidwa pakati pa omwe angathe kugwira ntchitoyo. Mwachitsanzo, atamwalira Mneneri Muhammad, bwenzi lake lapamtima ndi mlangizi, Abu Bakr, adakhala woyamba kukhala woyamba (wolowa m'malo kapena mneneri wa mneneri) wa fuko la Chisilamu.

Kumbali ina, Asilamu ena amakhulupirira kuti utsogoleri ukadayenera kukhalabe mu banja la Mneneri, mwa iwo omwe adatchulidwa ndi iye kapena mwa maimamu osankhidwa ndi Mulungu mwini.

Asilamu achi Shiite amakhulupirira kuti mneneri Muhammad akamwalira, utsogoleriwo ukadayenera kupita kwa m'bale wake wamwamuna ndi mpongozi wake, Ali bin Abu Talib. M'mbiri yonse, Asilamu achi Shiite sanazindikire ulamuliro wa atsogoleri osankhidwa achisilamu, m'malo mwake atsatira mndandanda wa ma imamu omwe amakhulupirira kuti adatchulidwa ndi mneneri Muhammad kapena ndi Mulungu iyemwini.

Liwu la Shia mu Chiarabu limatanthawuza gulu kapena gulu la anthu othandizira. Mawu omwe amadziwika kwambiri amafupikitsidwa ndi wolemba mbiri Shia't-Ali, kapena "Phwando la Ali". Gululi limadziwikanso kuti ndi achi Shiite kapena otsatira a Ahl al-Bayt kapena "Anthu am'banja '(la Mtumiki).

Mu nthambi za Sunni ndi Shiite, mutha kupezanso zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Saudi Arabia, Sunni Wahhabism ndi gulu lofala komanso lachiPuritan. Chimodzimodzinso, mu Shi'ism, a Druze ndi kagulu kopatuka komwe kumakhala ku Lebanon, Syria ndi Israel.

Kodi Asilamu a Sunni ndi Shiite amakhala kuti?
Asilamu aku Sunni akuimira 85% ya Asilamu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mayiko monga Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan, Indonesia, Turkey, Algeria, Morocco ndi Tunisia ndi a Sunni.

Kuchuluka kwa Asilamu achi Shiite kumapezeka ku Iran ndi Iraq. Madera akuluakulu a Shiite ochepa amapezekanso ku Yemen, Bahrain, Syria ndi Lebanon.

Ndi madera adziko lapansi kumene anthu aku Sunni ndi Shiite ali pafupi kuti mikangano ingabuke. Kugwirizana mu Iraq ndi Lebanon, mwachitsanzo, kumakhala kovuta. Kusiyana zipembedzo kumakhazikika pachikhalidwe chawo kotero kuti kusalolera nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa chiwawa.

Kusiyana machitidwe achipembedzo
Kuchokera pa kufunikira koyamba kwa utsogoleri wandale, mbali zina za moyo wa uzimu tsopano zimasiyana pakati pamagulu awiri achisilamu. Izi zikuphatikizapo miyambo ya pemphero ndi ukwati.

Mwanjira imeneyi, anthu ambiri amafanizira magulu awiriwa ndi Akatolika ndi Apulotesitanti. Kwenikweni, amagawana zikhulupiriro zina koma amachita m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ngakhale pali malingaliro osiyana ndi machitidwe awa, Asilamu achi Shiite ndi a Sunni amagawana nkhani zazikulu pazokhulupirira zachisilamu ndipo amawonedwa ndi abale ambiri mchikhulupiriro. Zowonadi, Asilamu ambiri sadzilekanitsa podzitcha kuti ali m'gulu linalake, koma amangokonda kudzitcha "Asilamu".

Utsogoleri wachipembedzo
Asilamu achi Shiite amakhulupirira kuti Imam alibe uchimo mwachilengedwe komanso kuti ulamuliro wake ndiwosalephera chifukwa amachokera mwachindunji kwa Mulungu. Chifukwa chake, Asilamu achi Shiite nthawi zambiri amapembedza maimamu ngati oyera mtima. Amayenda maulendo awo kumanda ndi m'misika yosungidwa ndi chiyembekezo chodzapembedzera.

Ntchito zotsogola zotsogola bwinozi zimathandizanso pazinthu zaboma. Iran ndi chitsanzo chabwino pomwe ma imam, osati boma, ndiye amene ali ndi udindo waukulu.

Asilamu achiSunni amati palibe chifukwa chilichonse chachiSilamu chokhala ndi gulu la atsogoleri auzimu ndipo si chifukwa chomapembedzera oyera. Amanena kuti utsogoleri wamderalo si ufulu wobadwa nawo, koma chidaliro chomwe chimapezeka ndipo chitha kuperekedwa kapena kuchotsedwa ndi anthu.

Zolemba ndi miyambo yachipembedzo
Asilamu a Sunni ndi Shiite amatsatira Qur'an, komanso ma hadiths (zonena) za Mneneri ndi sunna (miyambo). Izi ndi zochitika zoyambira mchikhulupiriro cha Chisilamu. Amatsatiranso mizati isanu ya Chisilamu: digito, salat, zakat, sawm, ndi hajj.

Asilamu achi Shiite amakonda kudana ndi anzawo a mneneri Muhammad. Izi zimakhazikika pamadongosolo awo ndi zochita zawo m'mzaka zoyambilirana zakusagwirizana pa utsogoleri wamadera.

Ambiri mwa awa (Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Al Khattab, Aisha, ndi ena) adalemba miyambo yokhudza moyo ndi machitidwe auzimu a Mneneri. Asilamu achi Shiite amakana miyambo imeneyi ndipo sakhazikitsa chilichonse chachipembedzo chawo pazotsatira za anthu awa.

Izi mwachirengedwe zimabweretsa kusiyana pakati pa machitidwe achipembedzo pakati pa magulu awiriwa. Kusiyana kumeneku kumakhudza mbali zonse zatsatanetsatane m'moyo wachipembedzo: pemphero, kusala, kuyenda, ndi zina zambiri.