Chiyuda: dzanja la hamsa ndi zomwe likuyimira

Hamsa, kapena dzanja la hamsa, ndi chithumwa chochokera ku Middle East wakale. Mwanjira yake yofala kwambiri, chithumwa chimapangidwa ngati dzanja lokhala ndi zala zitatu pakati ndi chala chokhota kapena chala chaching'ono mbali zonse ziwiri. Amaganiziridwa kuti amateteza ku "diso loyipa". Nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa pamikanda kapena zibangili, ngakhale imapezekanso muzinthu zina zokongoletsera monga zopachikika pakhoma.

Hamsa nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi Chiyuda, koma imapezekanso m'magawo ena achisilamu, Chihindu, Chikhristu, Chibuda, ndi miyambo ina ndipo, posachedwapa, yatengera uzimu wamakono wa New Age.

Tanthauzo ndi magwero
Liwu loti hamsa (OLEYA) limachokera ku liwu lachihebri hamesh, lotanthauza zisanu. Hamsa amatanthauza kuti pali zala zisanu pa talisman, ngakhale ena amakhulupirira kuti imayimira mabuku asanu a Torah (Genesis, Ekisodo, Levitiko, Numeri, Deuteronomo). Nthawi zina amatchedwa dzanja la Miriamu, yemwe anali mlongo wake wa Mose.

Mu Chisilamu, hamsa amatchedwa Dzanja la Fatima, polemekeza m'modzi mwa ana aakazi a Mneneri Muhammad. Ena amati, pachikhalidwe cha Chisilamu, zala zisanu zikuyimira mizati isanu ya Chisilamu. M'malo mwake, chimodzi mwazitsanzo zoyambirira zamphamvu kwambiri za hamsa zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito chimapezeka pa Gate of Judgment (Puerta Judiciaria) yampingo wachisilamu waku Spain wazaka za zana la XNUMX, Alhambra.

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti hamsa isanachitike Chiyuda ndi Chisilamu, mwina osakhala achipembedzo, ngakhale pamapeto pake palibe chitsimikizo chazomwe zidachokera. Mosasamala kanthu, Talmud imavomereza zithumwa (kamiyot, kuchokera ku Chihebri "kuti zimange") ngati malo wamba, ndi Shabbat 53 ndi 61 ikuvomereza kunyamula chithumwa pa Shabbat.

Chizindikiro cha Hamsa
Hamsa nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zala zitatu zapakatikati, koma pamakhala kusiyanasiyana pakuwonetsa chala chachikulu chaching'ono. Nthawi zina zimakhala zopindika panja ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zazifupi kwambiri kuposa pafupipafupi. Kaya mawonekedwe ake, chala chachikulu ndi chala chaching'ono nthawi zonse chimakhala chofanana.

Kuphatikiza pakupangidwa ngati dzanja lopangidwa modabwitsa, nthawi zambiri hamsa amakhala ndi diso m'manja mwake. Diso limaganiziridwa kuti ndi chithumwa champhamvu chotsutsana ndi "diso loyipa" kapena ayin hara (עין הרע).

Ayin hara amakhulupirira kuti ndiye amachititsa mavuto onse padziko lapansi ndipo, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kovuta kuli kovuta kuwapeza, mawuwa amapezeka mu Torah: Sarah amapatsa Hagar ayin hara mu Genesis 16: 5, yomwe imayambitsa kupita padera, ndipo pa Genesis 42: 5, Yakobo amachenjeza ana ake kuti asawonekere limodzi chifukwa zitha kudzutsa ayin hara.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zitha kupezeka pa hamsa zimaphatikizapo nsomba ndi mawu achihebri. Nsomba zimaganiziridwa kuti sizikhala ndi diso loipa ndipo ndizizindikiro za mwayi. Pamodzi ndi mutu wa mwayi, mazal kapena mazel (kutanthauza "mwayi" m'Chihebri) ndi liwu lomwe nthawi zina limalembedwa pamathumwa.

Masiku ano, ma hams nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pamiyala yamtengo wapatali, kupachikidwa mozungulira nyumba, kapena ngati kapangidwe kakang'ono ku Judaica. Ngakhale zitakhala bwanji, chithumwa chimaganiziridwa kuti chimabweretsa mwayi komanso chisangalalo.