Tanthauzo lophiphiritsa la makandulo ku Chiyuda

Makandulo ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu ku Chiyuda ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi zosiyanasiyana zachipembedzo.

Makandulo azikhalidwe zachiyuda
Makandulo amayatsidwa pamaso pa Shabati aliyense m'nyumba za Chiyuda ndi masunagoge dzuwa lisanade Lachisanu madzulo.
Kumapeto kwa Shabbat, kandulo yapadera yozungulira ya Havdalah imayatsidwa, momwe kandulo, kapena moto, ndiyo ntchito yoyamba sabata yatsopano.
Nthawi ya Chanukah, makandulo amayatsidwa usiku uliwonse pa Chanukiyah kuti akumbukire kuperekedwanso kwa Kachisi, pomwe mafuta omwe amayenera kukhala usiku umodzi wokha adagona masana eyiti.
Makandulo amayatsidwa asanachitike tchuthi chachikulu chachiyuda monga Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, Pasaka Yachiyuda, Sukkot ndi Shavuot.
Chaka chilichonse, makandulo achikumbutso amayatsidwa ndi mabanja achiyuda pa yahrzeit (tsiku lokumbukira kumwalira) kwa okondedwa.
Lawi la moto losatha, kapena Ner Tamid, lomwe limapezeka m'masunagoge ambiri pamwamba pa likasa pomwe mipukutu ya Torah imasungidwira cholinga chake kuyimira lawi loyambirira la Kachisi Woyera ku Yerusalemu, ngakhale masunagoge ambiri masiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito nyali zamagetsi m'malo mwa mafuta enieni amtundu pazifukwa zotetezeka.

Tanthauzo la makandulo ku Chiyuda
Kuchokera paz zitsanzo zambiri pamwambapa, makandulo akuimira matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana mkati mwa Chiyuda.

Kuwala kandulo nthawi zambiri kumachitika monga chikumbutso cha kukhalapo kwaumulungu kwa Mulungu, ndipo makandulo omwe amayatsidwa nthawi ya tchuthi chachiyuda komanso pa Shabbat amatikumbutsa kuti mwambowu ndi wopatulika komanso wosiyana ndi moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Makandulo awiri oyatsidwa ku Shabbat amatithandizanso kuti tizikumbutsa zofunikira za m'Baibulo za shamor v'zachor: "kusunga" (Deuteronomo 5:12) komanso "kukumbukira" (Ekisodo 20: 8) - Sabata. Amayimilanso kavod (ulemu) pa Sabata ndi Oneg Shabbat (kusangalala ndi Shabbat), chifukwa, monga Rashi amafotokozera:

"... popanda kuunika sipangakhale mtendere, chifukwa [anthu] amapunthwa nthawi zonse ndikukakamizidwa kudya mumdima (Commentary on Talmud, Shabbat 25b)."

Makandulo amadziwidwanso mosangalala ku Chiyuda, kujambula gawo la buku la m'Baibulo la Esitere, lomwe limalowa mgulu la sabata ku Havana.

Ayuda anali ndi kuwala, chisangalalo, chisangalalo ndi ulemu (Esitere 8:16).

REKHAYA LEMBA LA TSIKU

Mu miyambo yachiyuda, lawi la kandulo limatanthauzidwanso kuimira moyo wa munthu ndipo limakumbukira kusunthika ndi kukongola kwa moyo. Kugwirizana pakati pa lawi la kandulo ndi mizimu kumachokera ku Mishlei (Miyambo) 20:27:

"Moyo wa munthu ndiye nyali ya Ambuye, amene amafufuza zamkati zonse."

MABUKU NDI ZINTHU ZINA LEMBA LA TSIKU

Monga mzimu wa munthu, malawi amayenera kupumira, kusintha, kukula, kulimbana ndi mdima ndikutha. Chifukwa chake, kuzimitsidwa kwa nyali yamakandulo kumatithandizira kukumbukira kusunthika kwakufunika kwa moyo wathu ndi moyo wa okondedwa athu, moyo womwe uyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi kukondedwa nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha chizindikiro ichi, Ayuda amayatsa makandulo azikumbutso pa maholide ena ndi maholide a okondedwa awo (tsiku lokumbukira imfa).

Pomaliza, Chabad.org imapereka chidziwitso chokongola ndimakandulo a Chiyuda, makamaka makandulo a Shabbat:

“Pa Januware 1, 2000, New York Times idasindikiza Magazini ya Millenium. Inali nkhani yapadera yomwe inali ndi masamba atatu oyamba. Imodzi inali ndi nkhani kuyambira pa Januware 1, 1900. Yachiwiri inali nkhani yeniyeni tsikulo, pa Januware 1, 2000. Ndipo anali ndi tsamba lachitatu lakutsogolo - kutsimikizira zomwe zidzachitike pa Januware 1, 2100. Tsamba lolingalira ili lidaphatikizapo zinthu ngati Takulandirani ku boma la 2100: Cuba; kukambirana za kuvota maloboti; ndi zina zotero. Kupatula pazosangalatsa, panali chinthu china. Pansi pa tsamba loyambilira la Chaka 1 inali nthawi yoti makandulo aziyatsidwa ku New York pa Januware 2100, 2100. Woyang'anira zopanga ku New York Times - Mkatolika waku Ireland - akuti adafunsidwa za izi . Yankho lake linali pa chandamale. Nenani zamuyaya za anthu athu komanso mphamvu ya miyambo yachiyuda. Iye anati: “'Sitikudziwa zomwe zichitike mu 2100. Sizotheka kulosera zam'tsogolo. Koma chinthu chimodzi ndichotsimikizika: mchaka cha XNUMX azimayi achiyuda adzayatsa makandulo a Shabbat. "