Choonadi chosasinthika mumayendedwe a mtanda

Yakwana nthawi yolimbana ndi anti-Semitism muzojambula zatchalitchi.

Ndakhala ndikuchita chidwi ndi sewero la Stations of the Cross ndikudzichepetsa pondikumbutsa za udindo wanga womwe ndidali nawo pa kupachikidwa kwa Yesu. pomwe kutanthauzira kwaluso kwa Stations of the Cross kumatha kukhala kochititsa chidwi muzofuna komanso mwatsatanetsatane, ndizomwe timapeza nthawi zina mdierekezi.

Patatha zaka zambiri ndikukhala pafupi ndikupempherera masiteshoni, ndangowona posachedwa mphuno zokokedwa. Kuyambira pamenepo ndazindikira malingaliro ena achiyuda m'matchalitchi ambiri, kuphatikiza milomo yokhuthala ngakhale nyanga. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chifukwa cha mtundu wake wachiyuda, Yesu nthawi zina amakhala ndi tsitsi lofiirira kuposa Ayuda amene ankakhala nawo.

Kuwonjezera pa mikhalidwe yakuthupi imeneyi, n’kofala kuona malamulo okhwima achipembedzo akusonyezedwa m’zithunzi za Ayuda akale. Masiteshoni ambiri amakhala ndi anthu azipembedzo atapingasa manja awo mwamphamvu, chapatali, akuyang'ana mokwiya pamalowo ndi kusonyeza kuti akutsutsa Yesu kapena kumukankhira ku Kalvare.

Ngakhale kuti zikuwoneka ngati zosagwirizana, ambiri, malo ambiri amaphatikizapo munthu wachipembedzo wachiyuda yemwe ali ndi mpukutu. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse munthu amayenera kuyimitsa kusakhulupirira za mbiri yakale ya zisankho zaluso zomwe zawonetsedwa pa siteshoni iliyonse, zikuwoneka kuti sizingatheke kuti wina abweretse mpukutu wachipembedzo kuti uupachike. (Kodi mpukutu wina ungakhale uti?) Mwachitsanzo, m’chipinda chakhumi ndi chimodzi cha tchalitchi changa, wonyamulayo akuonetsa manja mpukutu wosapunduka, akukambitsirana nawo ndi mnzake, mwachionekere kusonyeza kuti Yesu anakhomeredwa pamtanda pamaso pawo. . M’gulu linanso, mwamunayo agwira mpukutuwo pachifuwa chake ndi kuloza Yesu atagwa.

Zimenezi zimapitirira mongoyerekezera za anthu enieni, monga Kayafa. Ndiye n’chifukwa chiyani mpukutuwo uli pamenepo? Ena angaone ichi ngati mbali ya kukana kwachipembedzo kwa Yesu, yomwe si mbali yofunika kwambiri ya mbiri ya chipulumutso ndipo ikuwoneka ngati yopanda ntchito. Kuposa kungokanidwa ndi maziko achipembedzo omwe alipo, mpukutuwo uyenera kutanthauza Chilamulo (chimene chiri chokhalitsa kwambiri kuposa mkulu wa ansembe wamakono) ndiponso, kuwonjezera, awo okhalamo. Mophiphiritsa, kukhalapo kwake kukulozera kuposa atsogoleri Achiyuda a m’nthaŵi ya Yesu kuti aziimba mlandu Ayuda onse.

Akatswiri osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Sara Lipton, Ruth Mellinkoff, ndi Heinz Schreckenberg, apeza kuti maganizo amenewa ndi ofala m’zojambula zachikristu za m’zaka za m’ma Middle Ages, komanso m’maphunziro a zaumulungu ndi ndemanga, ndipo cholinga chake chinali kulekanitsa, kunyoza, ndi kudzudzula Ayuda. Ngakhale masiteshoni m'matchalitchi aku America ndiatsopano kwambiri, sizovuta kuganiza kuti masitayelo amtunduwu adapulumuka chifukwa anali momwe ojambula - ngakhale analibe zolinga zoyipa - adaphunzira kufotokozera Ayuda. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi akatswiri azaumulungu ndi ansembe ena.

Nditafunsa akatswiri za zomwe ndinaona, ena sanadabwe pamene ena anakana, akumatsutsa lingaliro langa la kulondola kwa ndale. Wina adandifunsa ngati m'banja langa munali Ayuda, zomwe mwachiwonekere zidafotokoza - ndikulepheretsa - malingaliro anga. Ena andiuza kuti kukhalapo kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda kumasonyeza kukana kwa Yesu pachipembedzo ndipo sikutsutsiratu Ayuda. Ena ananena kuti mawu achifundo a Veronica, akazi a ku Yerusalemu, ndi Yosefe wa ku Arimateya akusonyeza kuti mawailesiwo sanali odana ndi Ayuda.

Pakhoza kukhala chinachake ku izi, koma kumbukirani ndemanga ya Passion of the Christ yomwe inati, "Ayuda abwino okha anali Akristu." Adandiuzanso kuti ndimawonanso masiteshoniwa ngati odana ndi Aromani chifukwa chakuwonetsa kwawo koyipa. Mwina, koma mfundoyo ikanakhala yamphamvu ngati Aroma akanakhala mikhole ya tsankho lachiwawa kwa zaka zikwi zambiri.

Komabe, monga momwe tchalitchi chakhalira kwa zaka mazana ambiri, mlandu wa imfa ya Yesu uli pa ochimwa onse nthaŵi zonse, osati mwapadera, kapena mopanda malire, pa Ayuda. Potengera katekisimu Wachiroma wa m’zaka za zana la XNUMX, Catechism of the Catholic Church ikuti: “Tchalitchi sichimazengereza kunena kwa Akristu thayo lalikulu la mazunzo ochitidwa pa Yesu, thayo limene kaŵirikaŵiri amalemetsa nalo Ayuda okha. ”

Pamene kuli kwakuti Akristu ambiri amavomereza chiphunzitso chimenechi cha thayo la anthu onse (m’Chilakolako cha Kristu, manja akumenya misomali mwa Yesu ali a wotsogolera Mel Gibson kuvomereza udindo wake wogawana), m’zaka mazana ambiri komabe atha kuyikapo zowonjezera—kapena, monga momwe Katekisimu amavomerezera, mwapadera—kuimba mlandu Ayuda, kudzetsa kuphana, kupha fuko, ndipo tsopano maguba okhetsa mwazi ndi nyimbo zoimbidwa mu America m’zaka za zana la 21. Akatswiri ena amati zojambulajambula zachikristu zimasonkhezera chidani chimenechi.

Sindikuganiza kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti masiteshoni otsutsa-Semitic akhale odzipereka: Ndikuganiza kuti odzipereka ambiri amaganiza za udindo wawo osati Ayuda. Koma ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ma Stations of the Cross, nthawi zambiri Vatican II isanachitike, amakhala ndi malingaliro odana ndi a Semitic. Kupatula kuweruza kokhudza ojambula akalewa, kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti tikhumudwitse mawayilesi m'mipingo yathu lero?

Ngakhale kuti zingawoneke ngati zofanana, sindikutsutsana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa anthu ambiri kapena kusinthidwa kwa masiteshoni (ngakhale, chochititsa chidwi, Washington National Cathedral posachedwapa inachotsa mawindo agalasi okhala ndi zithunzi za akuluakulu a Confederate). Sikuti masiteshoni onse ali "olakwa". Ambiri ali ndi chikhalidwe ndipo ena ndi okongola. Koma zikuwoneka kuti ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphindi yophunzitsika. Kupatula apo, ngati mawayilesiwo ndi oti atithandize kulingalira za nsembe ya Yesu, kodi sitiyenera kuzindikira zinthu zimene zili mmenemo zomwe—mwadala, modziŵa kapena ayi—zikulepheretsa udindo wathu?

Tchalitchi china komwe ndidapezako masiteshoni ofananirako ndi nyumba yatsopano yomwe, mosakayikira, masiteshoni adasamutsidwa kuchokera yakale. Mawindo agalasi amakono a nyumbayi anali ndi zithunzi zokondwerera Chiyuda cha Chipangano Chakale cha Chikhristu. Miyala yagalasi yothimbirira ya Malamulo Khumi inali pafupi ndi siteshoni ndi wonyamula mipukutu wachiyuda, mawu ophatikizika amene amasonkhezera kukambirana kosangalatsa.

Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, zokambiranazi zikuwoneka zochititsa chidwi ndipo mpingo womwewo ukhoza kupereka chitsogozo chaumulungu. Nostra Aetate (Chilengezo chonena za unansi wa Tchalitchi ndi zipembedzo zosakhala Zachikristu) chimachirikiza kuti “chimene chinachitika m’chilakolako cha [Yesu] sichinganenezedwe ndi Ayuda onse, popanda kusiyanitsa, chotero chamoyo, kapena kwa Ayuda amakono. . . . Ayuda sayenera kuonedwa ngati okanidwa kapena otembereredwa ndi Mulungu, monga ngati kuti zimenezi zikutsatiridwa ndi Malemba Opatulika.”

Zolemba zina zochokera ku Vatican ndi mabishopu aku US zimapereka mfundo zenizeni. Mabishopu "Zomwe zimayendera pakuwunika masewero a Chilakolako" amanena kuti "Yesu sayenera kufotokozedwa mosagwirizana ndi Chilamulo (Torah)." Ngakhale kuti amalozera ku ntchito za Chilakolako, uphunguwo ndithudi umaphatikizaponso zojambulajambula: “Kugwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro zachipembedzo kumafuna kulingalira mosamalitsa. Zisonyezero za menorah, magome a chilamulo, ndi zizindikiro zina za Chiyuda ziyenera kuonekera pamasewera onse ndi kugwirizana ndi Yesu ndi mabwenzi ake mocheperapo ndi Kachisi kapena ndi amene amatsutsa Yesu.” Wina angaganize kuti izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku mipukutu yosungidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda pamalo oimikapo magalimoto.

Monga momwe ena amaganizira kuti amawona zambiri pamasiteshoni ena, ndikukhulupirira kuti ena amawona zambiri. Osati mndandanda uliwonse wamasiteshoni womwe ndidawonera umakhala ndi zinthu zokhumudwitsa. Mawailesiwa akuyenera kuwunikiranso, akatswiri ndi mipingo, kuwunika komwe kuyeneranso kuphatikiza malingaliro achiyuda.

Kutsutsa kwanga kungafotokozedwe mwachidule m’zimene Vatican imati ponena za “njira yolondola yosonyezera Ayuda ndi Chiyuda m’kulalikira ndi katekesi ya Tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika” inanena zaka zoposa 30 zapitazo: “Kufulumira ndi kufunikira kwa kulondola, kolingalira ndi kolondola kwambiri. kuphunzitsa za Chiyuda kwa okhulupirika athu kumatsatiranso kuopsa kwa anti-Semitism, yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala yokonzeka kuwonekeranso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Funso siliri chabe la kuthetsa pakati pa okhulupirika zotsalira za anti-Semitism zomwe zingapezeke pano ndi apo, koma m'malo modzutsa mwa iwo, kupyolera mu ntchito yophunzitsa, chidziwitso chenicheni cha "chomangira" chapadera kwambiri ( Nostra Aetate , 4) amene amalowa nafe monga Mpingo wa Ayuda ndi Chiyuda.”

M’malo modzudzula mawailesi a mtanda kapena tchalitchi, ntchito yophunzitsa yoteroyo iyenera kuzindikira ndi kuchiza khansa yokhalitsa. Kaya kuchokera paguwa kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kusanthula koteroko kungakhale kosasangalatsa - lingalirani zomwe zimachitika pakuchotsedwa kwa ziboliboli za Confederate - koma ziyenera kuchitika. Pamene anti-Semitism idatulukanso mumithunzi, mabishopu aku US adadzudzula mwachangu tsankho ndi "neo-Nazism" zomwe zidawonekera momvetsa chisoni ku Charlottesville, Virginia. Tiyeneranso kukhala okonzeka kuwunikira mbiri yathu, makamaka zomwe zili zobisika pamaso pathu.