Mphete yaukwati mu Chiyuda

Mu Chiyuda, mphete yaukwati ili ndi gawo lofunikira muukwati wa Chiyuda, koma ukwati utatha, amuna ambiri samavala mphete yaukwati ndipo kwa amayi achiyuda ena, mphete imathera kudzanja lamanja.

zoyambira
Zoyambira mphete ngati mwambo wachikwati mu Chiyuda ndizopeka. Palibe kutchulidwa kwenikweni kwa mphete yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyambo yaukwati pantchito iliyonse yakale. Mu Sefer ha'Ittur, gulu la zigamulo zachiyuda za mu 1608 pa nkhani zachuma, ukwati, chisudzulo ndi (mapangano am'banja) za Rabbi Yitzchak Bar Abba Mari wa Marseille, rabi amakumbukira mwambo wopatsa chidwi womwe mphete zimafunikira. ukwati ungathe. Malinga ndi rabbi, mkwatiyo amadzachita chikondwerero chaukwati kutsogolo kwa kapu yavinyo wokhala ndi mphete mkati, nati: "Mukupanga chikho ichi ndi zonse zomwe zili mkati mwake". Komabe, izi sizinalembedwe m'magawo akale, ndiye kuti sizoyambira.

M'malo mwake, ling'iyo ndiyotheka kuchokera pazoyambira zamalamulo achiyuda. Malinga ndi Mishnah Kedushin 1: 1, mkazi amapezedwa (i.e. bwenzi) m'njira zitatu:

Kudzera ndalama
Kudzera mgwirizano
Mwakugonana
Mwachizolowezi, kugonana kumachitika pambuyo pa mwambo waukwati ndipo mgwirizanowu umadza ngati ketubah yomwe imasainidwa paukwati. Lingaliro la "kupeza" mkazi wokhala ndi ndalama limamveka zachilendo kwa ife masiku ano, koma zenizeni zomwe zachitika ndikuti mwamunayo sakugula mkazi wake, akumupatsa china chake chamtengo ndipo akuchilandira povomera ndi ndalama. M'malo mwake, popeza mkazi sangakwatiwe popanda chilolezo, kuvomereza kwake mphete ndi mawonekedwe a mzimayi amene avomera kukwatiwa (monga momwe angachitire ndi chiwerewere).

Chowonadi ndichakuti chinthucho chimatha kukhala chamtengo wotsika kwambiri, ndipo m'mbuyomu chidali chilichonse kuchokera buku la mapemphero mpaka chidutswa, chikalata cha umwini kapena ndalama yapadera yaukwati. Ngakhale madeti amasiyanasiyana - paliponse pakati pa zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi XNUMX - mpheteyo idakhala chinthu chofunikira mu ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa mkwatibwi.

Zofunikira
Mpheteyo ndiyofunika kukhala ya mkwati ndipo iyenera kupangidwa ndi chitsulo chosavuta popanda miyala yamtengo wapatali. Cholinga cha izi ndikuti, ngati kufunika kwa mphete sikumvetsedwa bwino, kukhoza kuwononga banja.

M'mbuyomu, zinthu ziwiri zaukwati wachiyuda nthawi zambiri sizichitika tsiku lomwelo. Magawo awiri aukwati ndi:

Kedushin, omwe amatanthauza chinthu chopatulika koma nthawi zambiri chimamasuliridwa ngati chinkhoswe, momwe mphete (kapena zogonana kapena mgwirizano) zimaperekedwa kwa mkazi
Nisuin, kuchokera ku liwu lotanthauza "kukweza", momwe awiriwa amayambitsa ukwati wawo limodzi
Masiku ano, mbali zonse zaukwati zimachitika motsatizana mwachangu pamwambo womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi theka la ola. Pali ojambula ambiri omwe akukhudzidwa ndi mwambowo.

Mpheteyo imakhala ndi gawo loyamba, kedushin, pansi pa chuppah, kapena chala chaukwati, pomwe mpheteyo imayikidwa pa chala chakumanja cha dzanja lamanja ndipo zotsatirazi zikunenedwa: "Ayeretsedwe (mekudeshet) ndi mphete iyi malinga ndi lamulo la Mose ndi Israeli. "

Ndi dzanja liti?
Pa mwambo waukwati, mphete imayikidwa kudzanja lamanja la mkaziyo pachala cholozera. Chifukwa chodziwikiratu chogwiritsira ntchito dzanja lamanja ndikuti malumbiro - onse mu miyambo ya Chiyuda ndi Chiroma - zinkachitika mwamwambo (komanso mwabizinesi) ndi dzanja lamanja.

Zomwe zimayikidwa pa index zimasiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

Chala cholozera chimagwira kwambiri, motero ndikosavuta kuwonetsa mpheteyo kwa owonera
Chala cholozera ndi chala chachikulu chomwe ambiri amavala mphete yaukwati
Mlozo, pokhala wogwira kwambiri, sichingakhale malo ampikisowo, chifukwa chake chala pa chala chikuwonetsa kuti si mphatso inanso koma kuti chikuyimira chinthu chomangirira
Pambuyo pa ukwati Amuna, m'magulu achikhalidwe achiyuda ambiri, samavala mphete yaukwati. Komabe, ku United States ndi maiko ena kumene kuli Ayuda ochepa, amuna amakonda kutengera mwambo wakomweko kuvala mphete yaukwati ndi kuvala kumanzere.

Chidziwitso: kutsogoza zomwe zalembedwaku, maudindo "azikhalidwe" a "okwatirana" ndi "Mwamuna ndi Mkazi" agwiritsidwa ntchito. Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pamavomerezo onse achiyuda chokhudza ukwati wokwatirana. Pomwe arabi osintha adzayendetsa monyadira maukwati ndi amuna okhaokha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso mipingo yosiyanasiyana. Munthawi ya Chiyuda cha Orthodox, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ngakhale ukwati wama gay suvomerezedwa kapena kuchitika, anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amalandiridwa ndikuvomerezedwa. Nthawi zambiri mawuwa amatchulidwa kuti "Mulungu amadana ndi chimo, koma amakonda wochimwa".