Chipembedzo Chadziko Lonse: Munthu kapena Mesiya udindo wa Yesu mu Chiyuda
Mwachidule, lingaliro lachiyuda la Yesu waku Nazareti ndi loti iye anali Myuda weniweni, ndipo mwina anali mlaliki yemwe amakhala mu nthawi yaulamuliro wachi Roma mu Israeli m'zaka za zana la A.D. Aroma adamupha - ndi ena ambiri achiyuda ndi wachipembedzo - polankhula motsutsana ndi akuluakulu achi Roma ndi kuzunza kwawo.
Kodi Yesu anali Mesiya malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zachiyuda?
Pambuyo pa imfa ya Yesu, omtsatira - panthawiyo kagulu kakang'ono ka Ayuda omwe ankadziwika kuti ndi a ku Nazarete - ankadzinenera kuti ndi a Mesiyasi (Mashiach kapena 이 or which machitidwe opemphedwa ndi Mesiya. Ambiri a m'nthawi yathu ino anakana izi ndipo Chiyuda chonse chikupitirirabe masiku ano. Pamapeto pake, Yesu adakhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri lachipembedzo chachiyuda chomwe chitha kutembenuka mwachangu m'chikhulupiriro chachikhristu.
Ayuda sakhulupirira kuti Yesu anali waumulungu kapena “mwana wa Mulungu,” kapena kuti Mesiya woloseredwa m’malemba Achiyuda. Iye amawonedwa kukhala “mesiya wonyenga,” m’lingaliro la winawake amene anadzinenera (kapena amene otsatira ake anadzinenera) malaya a Mesiya, koma amene pomalizira pake analephera kukwaniritsa zofunika zoikidwa m’chikhulupiriro cha Chiyuda.
Kodi nthawi ya mesiya imawoneka bwanji?
Malinga ndi malembedwe achihebri, Mesiya asanachitike, padzakhala nkhondo ndi kuvutika kwakukulu (Ezek. 38:16), pomwepo Mesiyayo adzabweretsa chiwombolo ndi zachiwombolo pobweretsa Ayuda onse ku Israeli ndikubwezeretsanso Yerusalemu (Yesaya 11 : 11-12, Yeremiya 23: 8 ndi 30: 3 ndi Hoseya 3: 4-5). Chifukwa chake, Mesiyayo adzakhazikitsa boma la Torah ku Israeli lomwe lidzakhale likulu la boma la dziko lonse la Ayuda onse ndi omwe sanali Ayuda (Yesaya 2: 2-4, 11:10 ndi 42: 1). Kachisi Woyera adzamangidwanso ndipo ntchito ya pakachisiyo iyambanso (Yeremiya 33:18). Pomaliza, dongosolo la Israyeli lachiweruziro lidzakonzedwanso ndipo Torah idzakhala lamulo lokhalo komanso lomaliza mdzikolo (Yeremiya 33:15).
Kuphatikizanso apo, m'badwo wa mesiya udzadziwika ndi kukhalira mwamtendere kwa anthu onse popanda udani, tsankho ndi nkhondo - Myuda kapena ayi (Yesaya 2: 4). Anthu onse azindikira YHWH ngati Mulungu yekha wowona komanso Torah ngati njira yokhayo yoona, ndipo nsanje, kupha ndi kuba zidzatha.
Momwemonso, malinga ndi Chiyuda, Mesiya weniweni ayenera
Khalani Myuda woonerera wochokera kwa Mfumu Davide
Khalani munthu wabwinobwino (motsutsana ndi mzere wa Mulungu)
Kuphatikiza apo, mu Chiyuda, vumbulutso limachitika pamitundu yonse, osati pamlingo wachikhristu monga Yesu. ”Kuyesera kwa akhristu kugwiritsa ntchito ma vesi kuchokera ku Torah kutsimikizira kuti Yesu ndiye Mesiya, ndizosiyana ndi zolakwitsa.
Popeza Yesu sanakwaniritse izi kapena nthawi yamesiya sichinabwere, lingaliro la Chiyuda ndi loti Yesu anali chabe munthu, osati Mesiya.
Zina zodziwika bwino za mesiya
Yesu waku Nazareti anali m'modzi mwa Ayuda ambiri m'mbiri yonse omwe ayesera kutchulapo kuti ndi mesiya kapena omwe otsatira ake adatchula dzina. Poganizira za chikhalidwe chovuta chokhala muulamuliro wachi Roma ndi kuzunzidwa munthawi yomwe Yesu adakhalamo, sizovuta kudziwa chifukwa chake Ayuda ambiri amafuna mphindi zamtendere ndi ufulu.
Wodziwika kwambiri mwa amesiya onyenga achiyuda m'nthawi zakale anali Shimon bar Kochba, yemwe adatsogolera kuukira kopambana koma koopsa kolimbana ndi Aroma mu AD 132, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti Chiyuda chiwonongedwe m'Dziko Lopatulika m'manja mwa Aroma. Bar Kochba anadzinenera kukhala Mesiya ndipo anadzozedwa ngakhale ndi Rabbi Akiva wotchuka, koma Bar Kochba atafa m’chipandukocho, Ayuda a m’tsiku lake anam’kana monga mesiya wina wonyenga popeza kuti sanafikire zofunika za Mesiya wowona.
Mesiya wamkulu wina wamkulu adabadwa nthawi zamakono kwambiri mzaka za zana la 17. Shabatai Tzvi anali kabbalist yemwe amadzinenera kuti ndi Mesia yemwe anali woyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma atamangidwa, adatembenukira ku Chisilamu momwemonso otsatira mazana ambiri, kuletsa zonena zilizonse monga Mesiya yemwe anali naye.