PEMPHERANI KUTI MUZINTHA AUGUSTINE kupempha chisomo

Mwa chilimbikitso chowoneka bwino kwambiri chomwe inu Woyera Woyera wa Augustine, mwadzetsa woyera
Monica amayi anu ndi Mpingo wonse, mukasankhidwa mwachitsanzo
wa Vittorino waku Roma komanso kuchokera pagulu pano, tsopano malankhulidwe apadera a Bishopu wamkulu wa
Milan, Sant'Ambrogio, ndi San Simpliciano ndi Alipio, atsimikiza mtima kukusintha,
Tilandireni tonsefe chisomo chopitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo ndi upangiri
zabwino, kuti tibweretse chisangalalo kumwamba ndi moyo wathu wamtsogolo monga momwe zimakhalira
zachisoni zomwe tidabweretsa ndi zolakwitsa zambiri za moyo wathu wakale
Gloria

Ife omwe tidamtsata Augustine woyendayenda tiyenera kutsatira iye kulapa. Deh! kuti
chitsanzo chake chimatisonkhezera kufunafuna chikhululukiro ndi kuthetsa zokonda zonse zomwe zimayambitsa
kugwa kwathu.
Gloria

Augustine wa ku Hippo (kutanthauzira kwa ku Italy kwa Latin Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis) wa fuko la Berber, koma wachikhalidwe chachi Hellenistic-Roman, adabadwira ku Tagaste (komwe pano ndi Souk-Ahras ku Algeria, komwe kuli pafupifupi makilomita 100 kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Hippo) pa 13th Novembala 354 kuchokera ku banja lapakati la anthu okhala ndi minda yaying'ono. Abambo Patrizio anali wachikunja, pomwe amayi awo a Monica (onena Ogasiti 27), yemwe Agostino anali mwana wamwamuna wamkulu, mmalo mwake anali Mkristu; anali iye omwe adamuphunzitsa maphunziro achipembedzo koma osamubatiza, monga momwe adagwiritsidwira ntchito panthawiyo, amafuna kudikirira m'badwo wachikulire.

Augustine anali ndi ubwana wokondweretsa, koma machimo enieni adayamba pambuyo pake. Pambuyo pa maphunziro ake oyamba ku Tagaste kenako ku Madaura yapafupi, adapita ku Carthage mu 371, mothandizidwa ndi bambo wina wachuma wachuma wotchedwa Romaniano. Anali ndi zaka 16 ndipo amakhala zaka zake zaunyamata mosakwiya kwambiri, ndipo ali ku sukulu yopanga zanyengo, adayamba kukhala ndi mtsikana waku Carthaginian, yemwe adamupatsanso, mu 372, mwana wamwamuna, Adeodato. Munali mu zaka izi komwe adapeza dzina lake loyamba ngati wafilosofi, chifukwa cha kuwerenga kwa buku la Cicero, "Ortensio", lomwe lidamukhudza kwambiri, chifukwa wolemba waku Latin adavomereza, momwe nzeru zokhazokha zidathandizira chidwi kuti achoke zoyipa ndi kuchita zabwino.
Tsoka ilo, mwatsoka, kuwerenga kwa Holy Holy sikunanene chilichonse m'malingaliro ake opembedza ndipo chipembedzo chovomerezedwa ndi amayi ake chimawoneka ngati "chamatsenga abwana", chifukwa chake adafunafuna chowonadi ku Manichaeism. (Manichaeism chinali chipembedzo chakumaso chomwe chimakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za zana lachitatu AD ndi Mani, chomwe chinaphatikiza zinthu zachikhristu ndi chipembedzo cha Zoroaster; maziko ake anali magawo awiri, ndiko kuti, kutsutsana kosalekeza kwa mfundo ziwiri zaumulungu, imodzi yabwino ndi imodzi yoyipa, omwe amalamulira dziko komanso mzimu wa munthu).
Atamaliza maphunziro ake, adabwereranso ku Tagaste mu 374, pomwe, mothandizidwa ndi womupindulira wake Romaniano, adatsegula sukulu ya galamala ndi zamisala. Adalandidwanso kunyumba kwake ndi banja lonselo, chifukwa amayi ake a Monica, osagwirizana ndi chipembedzo chake, adakonda kupatukana ndi Augustine; Pambuyo pake adamuwerenga kunyumba kwake, atakhala ndi maloto oyambiranso za kubwerera kuchikhulupiriro Chachikristu.
Patatha zaka ziwiri mu 376, adaganiza zochoka m'tawuni yaying'ono ya Tagaste ndikubwerera ku Carthage ndipo nthawi zonse mothandizidwa ndi mnzake Romaniano, yemwe adasinthika kukhala Manichaeism, adatsegulanso sukulu pano, komwe adamuphunzitsa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, mwatsoka ndi ana asukulu osaphunzitsidwa bwino.
Komabe, Agostino sanapeze yankho pakati pa a Manichaeans kuti akufuna kudziwa chowonadi ndipo atakumana ndi bishopu wawo, a Fausto, omwe adachitika ku Carthage mu 382, ​​zomwe zikanapangitsa kukayikira kulikonse, adasiya osakhutira motero adayamba chokani ku Manichaeism. Wofunitsitsa kudziwa zatsopano komanso watopa ndi zomwe ophunzira a Carthaginian, Agostino, pokana mapemphero a amayi ake okondedwa, omwe amafuna kuti akhale ku Africa, adaganiza zopita ku Roma, likulu la ufumuwo, ndi banja lake lonse.
Mu 384 adatha kupeza, mothandizidwa ndi woyang'anira wakale wa Roma, Quinto Aurelio Simmaco, mpando wanyumba yosankhika ku Milan, komwe adasamukira, mosayembekezereka adafika mu 385, ndi amayi ake a Monica, omwe, akudziwa kuvuta kwamkati kwa mwana wake , anali pambali pake ndi mapemphero ndi misozi osakakamiza kalikonse kwa iye, koma monga mngelo woteteza.

Chakumayambiriro kwa Lent mu 387, ndi Adeodate ndi Alipio, adakhala pakati pa "akatswiri" kuti abatizidwe ndi Ambrose patsiku la Isitara. Agostino adakhalabe ku Milan mpaka nthawi yophukira, akupitiliza ntchito yake: "De diealal animae and De musica". Kenako, atatsala pang'ono kulowa ku Ostia, Monica adabweza moyo wake kwa Mulungu.Agostino, motero, adakhala miyezi yambiri ku Roma, makamaka akuchita ndi kukana kwa Manichaeism ndikuwonjezera chidziwitso chake pa nyumba za amonke ndi miyambo ya Tchalitchi.

Mu 388 anabwerera ku Tagaste, komwe anagulitsa zinthu zake zochepa, kugawa ndalamazo kwa osauka, ndipo, atapuma ndi anzawo ndi ophunzira, adakhazikitsa gulu laling'ono, pomwe katundu adagawana. Koma patapita kanthawi kulumikizana kosalekeza kwa nzika, kupempha upangiri ndi thandizo, kusokoneza kukumbukiridwaku, kunali kofunikira kupeza malo ena ndipo Augustine anakafunafuna pafupi ndi Hippo. Mwangozi mu basilica yakomweko, pomwe Bishop Valerio anali akupereka lingaliro kwa okhulupirayo kuti apatulitse wansembe yemwe angamuthandize, makamaka pakulalikira; Pozindikira kukhalapo kwake, wokhulupirikayo adayamba kufuula: "Augustine wansembe!". Kenako zambiri zidaperekedwa ku zofuna za anthu, poganizira za chifuniro cha Mulungu ndipo ngakhale adayesa kukana, chifukwa iyi sinjira yomwe anafuna, Augustine adakakamizidwa kuvomera. Mzinda wa Hippo udalandira ndalama zambiri, ntchito yake idabala zipatso zambiri; Choyamba adapempha bishopu kuti asamutse nyumba yake yachifumu kupita ku Hippo, kuti apitilize kusankha moyo wake, womwe pambuyo pake unadzakhala ansembe ochokera ku Africa ndi mabishopu.

A Augustine adayala maziko a kukonzanso miyambo ya atsogoleri achipembedzo. Adalembanso Lamulo, lomwe kenako lidalandiridwa ndi Community of Regular kapena Augustinian Canons m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chinayi.
Bishopu Valerio, akuwopa kuti a Augustine asamukira kwina, adalimbikitsa anthu ndi zomwe a Numidia, Megalio di Calama, kuti amupatulire kukhala bishopu wamkulu wa Hippo. Mu 397, Valerio adamwalira, iye adalowa m'malo mwake. Anayenera kusiya nyumba ya amonke ndikukachita ntchito yayikulu yoweta mizimu, zomwe amachita bwino kwambiri, kotero kuti mbiri yake monga bishopu wowunikira inafalikira m'Matchalitchi onse aku Africa.

Nthawi yomweyo adalemba ntchito zake: St. Augustine anali m'modzi mwa akatswiri anzeru kwambiri omwe adawadziwa. Samakopeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka chabe kwa ntchito zake, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zojambula pamanja, zaluso, zodandaula, zolemba, zopeka, zolemba, zolemba, zophatikiza makalata, ulaliki ndi ntchito mu ndakatulo (zolembedwa zopanda zitsulo zachikhalidwe, koma zokomera, chifukwa gwiritsani ntchito kuloweza ndi anthu osaphunzira), komanso pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafotokoza zonse zomwe anthu amadziwa. Fomu yomwe adafotokozera ntchito yake idakopeka owerenga mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Ntchito yake yotchuka kwambiri ndi Confessiones. Mitundu yambiri ya moyo wachipembedzo imatchulako iye, mwa omwe Order of St. Augustine (OSA), yotchedwa Ma Augustinians: idafalikira padziko lonse lapansi, pamodzi ndi opanda nsapato Augustinians (OAD) ndi Augustinian Recolletures (OAR), kupanga mu Tchalitchi cha Katolika cholowa chachikulu cha uzimu cha ku Hippo, komwe maulamuliro ena amoyo ambiri adadzozedwa, kuphatikiza pa masamba ovomerezeka a St. Augustine.
"Confidence kapena Confidence" (pafupifupi 400) ndi nkhani ya mtima wake. Phata la lingaliro la Ogasiti lomwe lilipo mu "Confidence" lili m'lingaliro loti munthu sangathe kudzipenda yekha: ndi kuunikiridwa kwa Mulungu, komwe amayenera kumvera nthawi zonse, munthu adzapeza kulolera moyo wake. Liwu loti "kuvomereza" limamvekedwa m'lingaliro la Bayibulo (confiteri), osati monga kuvomereza kwa cholakwa kapena nkhani, koma ngati pemphero la mzimu womwe umasilira machitidwe a Mulungu mkati mwake. Mwa ntchito zonse za Woyera, palibe chomwe chimawerengeredwa ndi kutamandidwa konsekonse. Palibe bukhu lina m'mabuku athunthu lomwe limafanana nalo kuti limvetsetse zovuta za mzimu, lingaliro lolumikizana, kapena lakuzama kwamalingaliro.

Mu 429 adadwala kwambiri, pomwe a Hippo adazunguliridwa miyezi itatu ndi Vandals omwe adalamulidwa ndi Genseric († 477), atabweretsa imfa ndi chiwonongeko kulikonse; bishopu woyera anali ndi chithunzi cha kutha kwa dziko; anamwalira pa August 28, 430 ali ndi zaka 76. Thupi lake lomwe linabedwa ku Vandals pa nthawi ya moto komanso kuwonongedwa kwa Hippo, kenako adapita nalo ku Cagliari ndi Bishop Fulgenzio di Ruspe, pafupifupi 508-517 cc, pamodzi ndi mabishopu ena aku Africa.
Pafupifupi 725 thupi lake lidasamutsidwanso ku Pavia, ku Church of S. Pietro ku Ciel d'Oro, patali ndi malo omwe adatembenuka, ndi mfumu yopembedza Lombard Lombard Liutprando († 744), yemwe adamuwombola ndi a Saracens a Sardinia.