Kodi udindo wa Papa mu mpingo ndi chiyani?
Kodi upapa ndi chiyani?
Upapa uli ndi tanthauzo la uzimu mu mpingo wa Katolika komanso mbiri yakale.
Akagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza za Tchalitchi cha Katolika, papapa amatanthauza udindo wa papa, wolowa m'malo mwa St. Peter ndi ulamuliro womwe papa amagwiritsa ntchito mu udindowu.
Ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbiri, papa amatanthauza nthawi yomwe papa adakhala muudindo kapena kulimba kwa chipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe cha Tchalitchi cha Katolika m'mbiri yonse.
Papa monga wolowa m'malo wa Khristu
Papa wa ku Roma ndiye mutu wa Tchalitchi chadziko lonse. Amadziwikanso kuti "papa", "Atate Woyera" komanso "wolowa m'malo mwa Khristu", papa ndiye mutu wa uzimu wa chikhristu chonse komanso chisonyezo chooneka cha Mpingo.
Choyamba pakati pa zofanana
Kumvetsetsa kwa upapa kwasintha pakapita nthawi, popeza Mpingo udaphunzira kuzindikira kufunika kwa udindo. Ataganiziridwa kuti "primus inter pares", woyamba "ofanana", papa waku Roma, chifukwa chokhala wolowa m'malo wa St. Peter, woyamba wa atumwi, adawoneka woyenera ulemu waukulu kuposa onse mabishopu ampingo. Kuchokera pa izi kunatulukira malingaliro a papa ngati woyambitsa mikangano komanso koyambirira kwenikweni kwa tchalitchi, maepiskopi ena adayamba kudandaulira ku Roma ngati likulu lachipembedzo pankhani zabodza.
Upapa wokhazikitsidwa ndi Khristu
Mbewu za izi zidakhalapo kuyambira pachiyambi, komabe. Mu Mateyo 16:15, Kristu adafunsa ophunzira ake: "Mukuti ndine ndani?" Petro atayankha kuti: "Ndinu Khristu, Mwana wa Mulungu wamoyo," Yesu adamuwuza Peter kuti izi zidawululidwa kwa iye osati ndi munthu, ndi Mulungu Atate.
Dzina la Peter anali Simoni, koma Khristu adati kwa iye: "Ndiwe Peter", liwu lachi Greek lotanthauza "thanthwe" - "ndipo pa thanthwe ili ndidzamangapo Mpingo wanga. Ndipo zipata za Gahena sizidzawulaka. Kuchokera pamenepa, kuchokera ku mawu achi Latin akuti Ubi Petrus, ibi ecclesia: paliponse pamene Peter ali, pali tchalitchi.
Udindo wa papa
Chizindikiro chowoneka ichi cha umodzi ndi chitsimikizo kwa okhulupilira achikatolika omwe ali mamembala amipingo yoyera yokha ya Katolika komanso ya utumwi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Khristu. Koma Papa alinso wamkulu woyang'anira tchalitchi. Ikani mabishopu ndi makadinala, amene adzasankhe womloza mmalo. Iye ndiye womaliza wotsutsana pazoyendetsa komanso ziphunzitso.
Ngakhale mafunso achipembedzo nthawi zambiri amayankhidwa ndi bungwe lachipembedzo (msonkhano wa mabishopu onse a Tchalitchi), upangiri wotere ungangoyitanidwa ndi papa ndipo zosankha zake sizikhala zovomerezeka mpaka papa atatsimikizira.
Kupanda kulephera
Limodzi mwa makhonsolo amenewa, a Vatican Council I a 1870, anazindikira chiphunzitso choti apapa amalephera. Ngakhale akhristu ena omwe si Akatolika amawona kuti ndi achabechabe, chiphunzitsochi chimangokhala chidziwitso chokwanira pakuyankha kwa Khristu kwa Peter, yemwe anali Mulungu Atate kumuwululira kuti Yesu ndiye Khristu.
Kulephera kwapapa sikutanthauza kuti papa sangachite cholakwika chilichonse. Komabe,, ngati Peter, akukamba nkhani za chikhulupiriro ndi zamakhalidwe ndipo akufuna kuphunzitsa Mpingo wonse pofotokoza chiphunzitso, Mpingo umakhulupirira kuti amatetezedwa ndi Mzimu Woyera ndipo sungayankhule molakwika.
Kupembedzera kwa kulephera kwaupapa
Kuyambitsa kwaposachedwa kwatsopano kwa kupapa kwakhala kochepa kwambiri. Posachedwa, ndi mapapa awiri okha omwe adalengeza ziphunzitso za Tchalitchichi, onse okhudzana ndi Namwaliwe Maria: Pius IX, mu 1854, adalengeza za Imfa Yoganiza ya Mariya (chiphunzitso malingana ndi momwe Mariya adaberekera popanda banga lamachimo oyambirirawo); ndi Pius XII, mu 1950, adalengeza kuti Mary adatengedwa kupita kumwamba kumapeto kwa moyo wake (chiphunzitso cha Assidence).
Upapa mdziko lamakono
Ngakhale ali ndi nkhawa za chiphunzitso choti apapa ali ndi vuto lililonse, Apulotesitanti komanso anthu ena aku Eastern Orthodox asonyeza chidwi pakupezeka kwa papa m'zaka zaposachedwa. Amazindikira kufunikira kwa mtsogoleri wowoneka wa akhristu onse ndipo amalemekeza kwambiri mphamvu zamakhalidwe muudindowu, maka opangidwa ndi apapa aposachedwa monga John Paul II ndi Benedict XVI.
Komabe, kupapa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zolepheretsa kuphatikizidwanso kwamatchalitchi achikristu. Popeza ndikofunikira mu mpingo wa Katolika, popeza akhazikitsidwa ndi Khristu mwini, sangasiyidwe. M'malo mwake, akhristu okonda zipembedzo zonse ayenera kuchita nawo zokambirana kuti afike pomvetsetsa mwakuya momwe mapapa amatiphatikizira, m'malo motigawanitsa.