Miyambo yachiyuda yosamba m'manja

Pachikhalidwe chachiyuda, kusamba m'manja sikokwanira pochita ukhondo. Zofunikira musanadye chakudya komwe amadyetsa mkate, kuchapa m'manja ndi mzati muchipembedzo chachiyuda kupyola patebulo lodyeramo.

Tanthauzo la kusamba m'manja kwa Ayuda
Mchihebri, kusamba m'manja kumatchedwa netilyat yadayim (nun-chai-lot yuh-die-eem). M'madera olankhula Chiyidishi, mwambowu umadziwika kuti negel vasser (nay-gull vase-ur), womwe umatanthawuza "madzi a misomali". Kusamba mukatha kudya amadziwika kuti mayim achronim (my-eem ach-ro-neem), kutanthauza "pambuyo pa madzi".

Pali kangapo pomwe malamulo achiyuda amafunikira kusamba m'manja, kuphatikiza:

mutagona kapena kugona
atapita kuchimbudzi
atachoka kumanda
pamaso chakudya, ngati mkate umakhudzidwa
atatha kudya, ngati "mchere waku Sodomu" udagwiritsidwa ntchito
zoyambira
Maziko osamba m'manja mu Chiyuda poyamba anali olumikizidwa ndi utumiki wa pakachisi ndi nsembe, ndipo amachokera ku Torah mu Ekisodo 17-21.

Ndipo Yehova ananena ndi Mose, nati, Upangenso beseni lamkuwa, ndi maziko ake amkuwa, kuti ndikusambitseni; ndi kuyika pakati pa chihema chokumanako ndi guwa lansembe, ndi kuthiramo madzi. ndi Aroni ndi ana ake aamuna asambe manja awo ndi mapazi awo pamenepo. Akalowa m'chihema chokumanako, amasamba ndi madzi, osafa, kapena akadzafika pa guwa la nsembe, kuti akatenthe chopereka chamoto kwa Yehova. Chifukwa chake asamba m'manja ndi m'miyendo kuti asafe; ndipo likhale lamulo kwa iwo kwa nthawi zonse, kwa iye ndi kwa mbewu yake m'mibadwo yawo ".

Zizindikiro zakuthambo kwa beseni losamba m'manja ndi m'miyendo ya ansembe ndikutchulidwa koyamba mchitidwewu. Mu mavesi awa, kulephera kusamba m'manja kumakhudzana ndi mwayi woti afe, ndichifukwa chake ena amakhulupirira kuti ana a Aaron adamwalira mu Levitiko 10.

Pambuyo pakuwonongedwa kwa Kachisi, komabe, panali kusintha pamalingaliro osamba manja. Popanda zikhalidwe zawo zoperekera zopereka komanso popanda zopereka, ansembe sakanathanso kusamba m'manja.

Arabi, posafuna kuti kufunikira kwa miyambo yotsuka manja kuti iwalidwe panthawi yakumanganso kwa Kachisi wa (Chachitatu), adasunthira kupatula kwa nsembe ya Kachisi kupita pagome lodyeramo, lomwe lidakhala mezzana kapena guwa lamakono.

Ndi kusinthaku, arabi adasamba masamba ambiri - chithunzi chonse - cha Talmud mu halachot (kuwerenga) kusamba m'manja. Imatchedwa Yadayim (manja), kabuku kameneka kakufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane wa kusamba m'manja, momwe amachitidwira, omwe madzi amadziwika kuti ndi oyera ndi zina zotero.

Netilyat yadayim (akuchapa manja) amapezeka nthawi 345 ku Talmud, wophatikizidwa ku Eruvin 21b, pomwe rabi akukana kudya ali mndende asanapezeke ndi mwayi wosamba m'manja.

Arabi athu adatiphunzitsa: R. Akiba nthawi ina adatsekedwa m'ndende [ndi Aroma] ndipo R. Joshua, wopanga mchenga, ankakonda kumubwera. Tsiku lililonse, madzi ambiri ankamubweretsera. Nthawi ina analonjera woyang'anira ndende yemwe anati kwa iye: "Madzi anu ndi ochuluka lero; mwina mukupempha kuti muchepetse ndende? " Anatsanulira theka ndipo anamupatsanso theka linalo. Atafika ku R. Akiba, womalizirayo adati kwa iye: "Joshua, sukudziwa kuti ine ndi wokalamba ndipo moyo wanga umadalira yako?" Pomaliza adamuwuza zonse zomwe zidachitika [R. Akiba adati kwa iye, "Ndipatse madzi kuti ndisambe m'manja." "Sichikwana kumwa," anadandaula winayo, "kodi zikhala zokwanira kusamba m'manja?" "Ndingachitenji," woyamba adayankha kuti: "liti [kunyalanyaza] mawu a Rabi ayenera kulandira imfa? Ndibwino kuti ine ndifa zomwe ndikalakwitsa pazokambirana ndi anzanga ”sanalawe chilichonse mpaka mnzakeyo atamupatsira madzi kuti asambe m'manja.

Kusamba m'manja mukatha kudya
Kuphatikiza pa kusamba m'manja asanadye mkate, Ayuda ambiri achipembedzo amasambitsanso chakudya, chotchedwa achronim mayim, kapena madzi atatha. Zoyambira izi zimachokera ku mchere komanso mbiri yakale ya Sodomu ndi Gomora.

Malinga ndi Midrash, mkazi wa Loti adasandulika chipilala atachimwa ndi mchere. Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, angelo adayitanitsidwa kunyumba ndi Loti, yemwe amafuna kupanga mitzvah yokhala ndi alendo. Adafunsa mkazi wake kuti awapatse mchere ndipo iye adayankha kuti: "Komanso chizolowezi cholakwika ichi (chokomera alendo mwachifundo powapatsa mchere) zomwe mukufuna kuno, ku Sodomu?" Chifukwa chauchimowu, zalembedwa mu Talmud,

R. Yuda, mwana wa R. Hiyya, adati: Chifukwa chiyani [arabi] adanena kuti ndi udindo wochepa kusamba m'manja pakudya? Chifukwa cha mchere wina waku Sodomu womwe umapangitsa kuti maso asachite khungu. (Babel Talmud, Hullin 105b).
Mcherewu waku Sodomu udagwiritsidwanso ntchito popereka zonunkhira za M'kachisi, chifukwa chake ansembe amayenera kutsuka pambuyo poigwiritsa ntchito poopa kuti angachite khungu.

Ngakhale ambiri satsatira mchitidwewu masiku ano chifukwa Ayuda ambiri mdziko lapansi saphika kapena kuwaza ndi mchere wochokera ku Israeli, osatchulanso Sodomu, pali ena omwe amati ndi halacha (lamulo) komanso kuti Ayuda onse ayenera kuchita izi pamiyambo yamayim achronim.

Momwe mungasambire manja anu moyenera (Mayim Achronim)
Mayim achronim ali ndi "momwe angapangire" omwe samakhudzidwa kuposa kusamba m manja. Zakudya zambiri zamanja, ngakhale musanadye chakudya, muyenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi.

Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi manja oyera. Zikuwoneka ngati zopindulitsa, koma kumbukirani kuti netilyat yadayim (kutsuka manja) sikukhudzana ndi kuyeretsa, koma miyambo.
Dzazani kapu ndi madzi okwanira manja onse. Ngati muli ndi dzanja lamanzere, yambani ndi dzanja lanu lamanzere. Ngati muli ndi dzanja lamanja, yambani ndi dzanja lanu lamanja.
Thirani madzi kawiri kudzanja lanu lamanja kenaka kawiri mbali inayo. Ena amathira katatu, kuphatikiza Chabad Lubavitchers. Onetsetsani kuti madzi amaphimba dzanja lonse kumtunda ndi gawo lililonse ndikulekanitsa zala zanu kuti madzi agwire dzanja lonse.
Mukatha kusamba, tengani thaulo ndipo mukayanika manja anu akunena kuti: "Baruki atah Adonai, Elohenu Melech Ha'Olam, asher kideshanu b'mitzvotav, vetzivanu al netilat yadayim. Dalitsoli limatanthawuza, mu Chingerezi, akudalitseni, Ambuye, Mulungu wathu, mfumu ya chilengedwe chonse, yemwe anatiyeretsa ndi malamulo ake natilamula za kusamba m'manja.
Pali ambiri omwe akuti dalitsolo lisanayime manja iwonso. Mukasamba m'manja, mdalitsolo usananene pa buledi, yesetsani kuti musalankhule. Ngakhale uwu ndi mwambo osati halacha (malamulo), ndiwofanana mu gulu lachipembedzo lachiyuda.