Ibhayibhile: yintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kukaYise noNyana?

Ukujonga ubudlelwane phakathi kukaYesu noYise, ndiqale ndagxila kwincwadi yeVangeli kaYohane, njengoko bendifunda le ncwadi iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwaye ndiyikhumbula. Ndirekhodile inani lamaxesha uYesu athetha ngoBawo, okanye xa uJohn ebhekisa kubudlelwane phakathi kwabo kwiakhawunti yakhe: Ndifumene izingqinisiso ezingama-95, kodwa ndiyarhana ukuba ndilahlekile. Ukubeka oku ngokwembono, ndiye ndafumanisa ukuba ezi ncwadi zintathu zeVangeli ezibhaliweyo zaluchaza olu lwalamano izihlandlo ezili-12 kuphela phakathi kwazo.

Uhlobo lweBathathu Emnye kunye nokuqonda kwethu okugutyungelweyo
Kuba iSibhalo asihlukanisi uYise noNyana kuMoya, kufuneka siqhubeke ngononophelo. Phambi kokuba sihlolisise indlela uNyana anxulumana ngayo noYise, kufuneka siqwalasele imfundiso kaBathathu Emnye, abaBantu abathathu boButhixo: uThixo uYise, uThixo uNyana noThixo uMoya. Asinakuthetha ngezi zimbini ngaphandle kokuvuma umntu wesithathu. Makhe sizame ukucinga indlela okusondele ngayo uBathathu Emnye: akukho xesha okanye sithuba phakathi kwabo okanye phakathi kwabo. Zihamba ngokuvisisana ngokugqibeleleyo kwingcinga, ukuthanda, ukusebenza kunye nenjongo. Bacinga kwaye benza ngokuvisisana ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphandle kokwahlukana. Asinakuyichaza le manyano ngamagama abambekayo. U-Augustine uphawule lo manyano ngokusebenzisa igama elithi "isiyobisi", "Ukuba uNyana unguThixo wento enye noYise. Kuyatshiwo ukuba ayingoYise kuphela kodwa uBathathu Emnye ongafiyo. Zonke izinto aziveli kuBawo kuphela, kodwa nakuNyana. Ukuba uMoya oyiNgcwele nguThixo ngenene, uyalingana noBawo noNyana ”(KuBathathu Emnye, ndawo ka-562).

Imfihlelo kaBathathu Emnye ingqineke ingenakwenzeka ngengqondo yomntu ophelileyo ukuba ayiphonononge ngokupheleleyo. AmaKristu anqula aba bathathu njengoThixo omnye kwaye uThixo omnye njengabantu abathathu. UThomas Oden ubhala athi: "Ubunye bukaThixo asibobunye bezinto ezahlulwayo kodwa [zabantu] abakwaziyo ukwahlula" (Systematic Theology, Volume One: The Living God 215).

Ukuqikelela kubunye bukaThixo kubangela ukuba umntu aqiqe. Sisebenzisa ingqiqo kwaye sizame ukwahlulahlula okungabonakaliyo. Sizama ukuququzelela abantu abathathu ngaphakathi kobuThixo, sinika ukubaluleka kwindima okanye umsebenzi womntu omnye kunaye. Sifuna ukwahlula nokulawula uBathathu Emnye ngokwezikimu zabantu. Nangona kunjalo, xa sisenza njalo, siyabukhanyela ubume bukaThixo njengoko butyhilwe esiBhalweni kwaye siphume kude nenyaniso. Imvisiswano ekukho kuyo aba Bantu bathathu ayinakuqondwa ngokwabantu. UYesu uyabungqina obu bunye ngokungathandabuzekiyo xa esithi: "Mna noBawo sibanye" (Yohane 10:30). Xa uFilipu ebongoza uYesu ukuba "asibonise uYihlo kwanele oko" (uYohane 14: 8), uYesu uyamkhalimela, “Ndibe nawe ixesha elide kangaka kodwa awundazi, Filipu? Lowo undibonileyo mna umbonile noBawo. Ungatsho njani ukuba, "Sibonise uYihlo"? Akukholwa na ukuba mna ndikuye uBawo, abe ke uBawo ekum? Amazwi la ndiwathethayo mna andiwathethi ephuma kum; nguBawo ohleli kum owenza imisebenzi yakhe. Ndikholelwe ukuba ndikuye uBawo kwaye uBawo ukum, okanye kholwani ngenxa yemisebenzi ngokwayo ”(Yohane 14: 9-11).

UFilipu uphulukana nengqondo yamazwi kaYesu, okulingana kwakhe ngaphakathi kobuThixo. “Kungokuba kwakule ngcamango, ngokungathi uBawo wayelunge ngandlel 'ithile kunoNyana, ukuze uFilipu abe nomnqweno wokwazi uYise: ke ngoko wayengamazi noNyana, kuba wayekholelwa ukuba ungaphantsi komnye. Yayikukulungisa le ngcinga kwathiwa: Lowo undibonayo ubona noBawo ”(Augustine, The Tractates on the Gospel of John, loc. 10515).

Thina, njengoFilipu, sihlala sicinga ngoBathathu Emnye njengolawulo oluphezulu, kunye noBawo njengoyena mkhulu, emva koko uNyana kunye noMoya. Nangona kunjalo, uBathathu Emnye ukhona ongenakuhlulwa, nabo bobathathu abantu belingana. ISivumo Sokholo sika-Athanasius siyayingqinela le mfundiso kaBathathu Emnye: “Kwaye kobu Bathathu Emnye akukho namnye ungaphambi okanye emva komnye; akukho namnye umkhulu okanye ungaphantsi komnye; kodwa bobathathu abantu banobomi obungunaphakade omnye nomnye kwaye bayalingana ukuze kuzo zonke izinto… uBathathu Emnye kubunye noBunye kuBathathu Emnye banqulwe. Ke ngoko, nabani na onqwenela ukusindiswa makacinge ngale ndlela kaBathathu Emnye. "(Isivumo Sokholo sika-Athanasius e-Concordia: I-Lutheran Confession, uHlelo lwabaFundi beNcwadi yeConcord, iphe. 17).

UKristu ungumzimba kunye nomsebenzi wosindiso
UYesu ubeka obu bunye nendima yabo ekusindisweni kuYohane 14: 6 xa esithi, “Ndim indlela, ndim inyaniso, ndim ubomi; Akukho namnye uzayo kuBawo ngaphandle kokuza ngam ”. Abanye abagxeki benkolo yobuKristu bakrwelela la mazwi kaYesu kwaye bakhala ngehlazo. Bayasigweba ngokunyanzelisa ukuba uYesu kuphela kwendlela yosindiso okanye yobudlelane noThixo, kodwa le ndima ithi kuphela ngoNyana abanokuthi abantu bamazi uYise. Sithembele kumlamli ogqibeleleyo, ongcwele phakathi kwethu noThixo ongcwele. UYesu akaluphiki ukumazi uYise njengoko abanye becinga. Ichaza nje into yokuba abantu abangabuthembiyo kubunye baKhe noBawo abaziboni ubunyani boThixo uYise, Nyana noMoya. UYesu weza emhlabeni ukuzokwazisa uYise, oko kukuthi, ukumazisa. UYohane 1:18 uthi: “Akukho namnye wakha wambona uThixo; uThixo okuphela kwamzeleyo, lowo usesifubeni sikaYise, nguye ocacise oko.

Ukulungiselela usindiso, uNyana kaThixo wanelisekile ukuba eze emhlabeni ukuzokuthabathela kuye isono sehlabathi liphela. Kulo msebenzi, ukuthanda kukaThixo nenjongo yakhe yahlulwe phakathi kukaYise noNyana, kodwa yafezekiswa nguNyana noYise. UYesu wathi, "UBawo uyasebenza kude kube ngoku, nam ndiyasebenza" (Yohane 5:17). Apha uYesu uqinisekisa umsebenzi wakhe oqhubekayo njengoNyana kaThixo osenyameni. Ibandakanya ukugqibelela okufunwa nguThixo kunxibelelwano noluntu. Uhlobo lwesono lomntu luyasithintela ekufezekiseni oko ngaphandle kukaKristu. Ke ngoko, ekubeni “bonile bonke, basilela eluzukweni lukaThixo” (KwabaseRoma 3:23), akukho namnye usindiswayo ngomzamo wakhe. UYesu, uNyana woMntu, waphila ubomi obugqibeleleyo phambi koThixo ngenxa yethu kwaye wasifela isicamagushelo sezono zethu. UNyana kaThixo "wazithoba ngokuthobela kude kube sekufeni, nkqu ukufa emnqamlezweni" (KwabaseFilipi 2: 8) ukuze sigwetyelwe ngobabalo lwakhe, sihlangulwe, sixolelaniswe naye ngaye.

UYesu uthunywe nguThixo ukuba abe ngumkhonzi ova ubunzima. Okwexeshana, uNyana kaThixo, ezithi zonke izinto zenziwe ngaye, waba "ngaphantsi kancinane kwizithunywa zezulu" (Ndumiso 8: 5), ukuze "ihlabathi lisindiswe ngaye" (Yohane 3:17). Siqinisekisa igunya elingcwele likaKristu xa sibhengeza kwiSivumo Sokholo sika-Athanasius: “Ke ngoko, lukholo olufanelekileyo ukuba siyakholelwa kwaye siyavuma ukuba iNkosi yethu uYesu Krestu, uNyana kaThixo, inguThixo nomntu. UnguThixo owenziwe ngesiqu sikaYise ngaphambili kuyo yonke iminyaka: kwaye Ungumntu, ozelwe yinyama kanina kwesi sizukulwana: ugqibelele uThixo kwaye uyindoda egqibeleleyo, enomphefumlo onengqiqo nenyama yomntu; ulingana noBawo malunga nobuthixo bakhe, ongaphantsi kuYise ngokubhekisele kubuntu bakhe. Nangona enguThixo nomntu, akangobabini, kodwa nguKrestu omnye: inye, nangona kunjalo, ingekuko ukuguqula ubuthixo bube yinyama, kodwa kukhetho loluntu kuTixo; Ngaphezu kwako konke, hayi ngokudideka kwezinto, kodwa ngokumanyana komntu "(The Creed of Athanasius).

Umanyano lukaThixo luyabonakala emsebenzini wosindiso kananjalo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kuba uYesu ubonakala esenza umahluko phakathi koNyana kaThixo kunye noNyana woMntu xa esithi: "Akukho namnye unako ukuza kum, engathanga uBawo owandithumayo wandithuma. awumtsali ”(Yohane 6:44). Apha uYesu uthetha ngokuxhomekeka kwakhe kuYise njengoko ephethe ifom ethe-ethe yomkhonzi obandezelekileyo. Ukuzalwa kukaKristu ngomzimba akumhluthisi amandla akhe obuthixo xa ethobekile: "Kwaye mna, xa ndithe ndaphakanyiswa emhlabeni, ndiya kubatsalela bonke abantu kum" (Yohane 12:32). Ubonakalisa igunya lakhe lasezulwini ukuba anike "lowo athe wamthanda ubomi" (Yohane 5:21).

Ukwenza okungabonakaliyo kubonakale
Ukwahlula ubuThixo kunciphisa ubukhulu bokuzalwa kukaKristu: UNyana kaThixo wabonakala kwaye weza kuhlala phakathi kwethu ukuze azise uYise ongabonakaliyo. Umbhali weNcwadi yamaHebhere uphakamisa uKrestu ongumzimba xa ebhengeza uNyana, “ububungangamsha bobuqaqawuli bukaThixo kunye nobume bendalo yakhe, kwaye uxhasa indalo yonke ngelizwi lamandla akhe. Emva kokwenza ukuhlanjululwa kwezono, wahlala ngasekunene kobuKhulu obungasentla. "(KumaHebhere 1: 3)

INgcwele uAugustine ichaza imeko yethu yokuba neenkani kwimicimbi kaBathathu Emnye: “Ngenxa yokuba bembonile uNyana wakhe ukuba ufana ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa bafuna inyani ukuba ibethelelwe kubo, ukuba kanye njengoNyana abambonayo, ikwanguYise abangazange yabonwa "(Augustine, The Treatises on the Gospel of John, indawo. 10488)

Isivumo sokholo saseNicaea siyayingqina le mfundiso isisiseko kwaye amaKristu aqinisekisa ubunye bobuThixo kunye nokutyhilwa kukaYise ngoNyana xa sibhengeza:

"Ndiyakholelwa kwiNkosi enye uYesu Krestu, okuphela koNyana ozelweyo kaThixo, ozelwe nguYise wakhe phambi kwamazwe onke, uThixo kaThixo, ukuKhanya kokuKhanya, uThixo oyinyaniso kaThixo ngokwakhe, ozelwe, ongenziwanga, nokuba ngumntu omnye noBawo. , ezenziwe nguye zonke izinto; owathi thina bantu nokusindiswa kwethu kwehla ezulwini waza waba yinyama ngoMoya oyiNgcwele wentombi enguMariya waba yindoda “.

Ukucinga ngokufanelekileyo ngoBathathu Emnye
Sifanele ukusoloko sisondela kwimfundiso kaBathathu Emnye sinoloyiko nentlonipho, kwaye masiziphephe kwingcinga engenantsingiselo. AmaKristu ayavuya kuKristu njengekuphela kwendlela eya kuYise. UYesu Krestu iNdoda-kaThixo ityhila uYise ukuze sisindiswe kwaye sihlale ngonaphakade nangovuyo kubunye bobuThixo. U-Yesu uyasiqinisekisa ngesikhundla sethu kuYe xa ethandazela bonke abafundi baKhe, hayi abali-17 kuphela, "Uzuko owandinika lona ndilunike bona, ukuze babe banye njengokuba thina sibanye, mna ndikubo kunye nawe ngam, ukuze babe banye ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuze liqonde ihlabathi ukuba wena undithumile, wabathanda, njengokuba wandithandayo nam ”(Yohane 22: 23-XNUMX). Simanyene noBathathu Emnye ngothando nangedini leNkosi yethu uYesu Krestu.

“Ke ngoko, lukholo olulungileyo ukuba siyakholelwa kwaye siyavuma ukuba iNkosi yethu uYesu Krestu, uNyana kaThixo, inguThixo nomntu ngexesha elinye. UnguThixo, oveliswe kwimbumba kaBawo phambi kwayo yonke iminyaka: kwaye Ungumntu, uzelwe ngesiqu sikanina kwesi sizukulwana: ugqibelele uThixo kwaye uyindoda egqibeleleyo, enomphefumlo onengqiqo nenyama yomntu; ulingana noBawo malunga nobuthixo bakhe, ongaphantsi kuYise ngokubhekisele kubuntu bakhe. Nangona enguThixo nomntu, akangobabini, kodwa nguKrestu omnye: inye, nangona kunjalo, ingekuko ukuguqula ubuthixo bube yinyama, kodwa kukhetho loluntu kuTixo; Ngaphezu kwako konke, hayi ngokudideka kwezinto, kodwa ngokumanyana komntu "(The Creed of Athanasius).