UbuBuddha: Kutheni le nto amaBuddha ephepha ukunamathela?
Umgaqo wokunganxibelelanisi ubalulekile ekuqondeni nasekusebenziseni ubuBuddha, kodwa njengemibono emininzi yale ntanda-bulumko, unokuphazamisa kwaye udimaze abo basandul 'ukufika.
Impendulo enjalo iqhelekile phakathi kwabantu, ngakumbi eNtshona, xa beqala ukuphonononga ubuBuddha. Ukuba le ntanda-bulumko kufanele ukuba imalunga novuyo, bayabuza, kutheni ke kuthabatha ixesha elide kangaka ukuthi ubomi buzele kukubandezeleka (dukkha), ukuba ukungazinamathiseli yinjongo, kunye nokwamkelwa kokungabinanto (shunyata) inyathelo lokukhanyisela?
Ngokwenene uBuddhism yintanda-bulumko yolonwabo. Isizathu sesiphithiphithi phakathi kwabantu abasandula kufika nesibakala sokuba amabinzana amaBuddha anemvelaphi yolwimi lwaseSanskrit, amagama lawo angasoloko eguqulelwa ngokulula kwisiNgesi. Enye into yeyokuba ubume beNtshona baseburhulumenteni bokujonga buhluke kakhulu kwinkcubeko yeMpuma.
Iingongoma ekufuneka zikhunjulwe: umgaqo wokungabinamathanga kuBuddhism
Iinyaniso ezine ezintle zisisiseko seBuddhism. Bahlangulwa nguBuddha njengendlela eya kwi-nirvana, imeko yovuyo olungapheliyo.
Nangona iinyaniso eziNqabileyo zisitsho ukuba ubomi buyasokola kwaye ukunamathela sesinye sezizathu zokubandezeleka, la magama ayizizo iinguqulelo ezithembekileyo zamagama asekuqaleni eSanskrit.
Igama elithi dukkha lingaguqulelwa ngcono njenge "ukungoneliseki" endaweni yokubandezeleka.
Akukho luguqulelo ngqo lwegama upadana, olubizwa encamathiselwe. Umbono ugxininisa ukuba umnqweno wokudibanisa izinto unengxaki, ingekuko ukuba kufuneka unikezele kwinto yonke ethandwayo.
Ukunikezela inkohliso kunye nokungazi okubangela isidingo sokuncamathisela kunokunceda ekupheliseni ukubandezeleka. Oku kufezekiswa yiNdlela eNesibhozo ephindwe kabini.
Ukuqonda umxholo wokungaqhotyoshelwanga, kuya kufuneka uyiqonde indawo yayo kulwakhiwo lwefilosofi kunye nokusebenza kukaBuddhist. Isiseko sobuBuddha saziwa njenge "iinyaniso ezine ezintle".
Iziseko zeBuddhism
Inyaniso yokuqala ebalaseleyo: Ubomi buyabandezeleka
UBuddha wafundisa ukuba ubomi njengoko sibazi namhlanje bugcwele ukubandezeleka, olona guqulelo lusondele kwisiNgesi kwigama elithi dukkha. Eli gama lineentsingiselo ezininzi, kubandakanya "ukungoneliseki", ekunokwenzeka ukuba lolona guqulelo lungcono "kunokusokola". Ukuthi ubomi buyasokola ngengqondo yobuBuddha kukuthi, naphina apho siya khona, silandelwa yimvakalelo engacacanga yokuba izinto azonelisi, azilunganga ncam. Ukwamkelwa koku kungoneliseki koko amaBuddha akubiza ngokuba yinyaniso yokuqala eqaqambileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba wazi unobangela woku kubandezeleka okanye ukungoneliseki kwaye oku kuvela kwimithombo emithathu. Okokuqala, asonwabanga kuba asiziqondi kakuhle izinto eziyinyani. Esi siphithiphithi (avidya) sihlala siguqulelwa kukungazi kwaye umgaqo-siseko wayo luphawu lokuba asikwazi ukuxhomekeka kwezinto zonke. Khawufane ucinge, umzekelo, ukuba kukho u "me" okanye u "me" okhoyo ngokuzimeleyo nokwahlukana nazo zonke ezinye izinto. Oku mhlawumbi kukungaqondani okuphambili okuchongwe yiBuddhism kwaye inoxanduva lwezizathu ezibini zokubandezeleka.
Inyani yesibini ebalaseleyo: Nazi izizathu zokubandezeleka kwethu
Ukuphendula kwethu koku kungaqondi malunga nokwahlukana kwethu emhlabeni kukhokelela ekuncamathiseleni / ekuncamathiseleni okanye ekunyanyeni / kwintiyo. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba igama lesiSanskrit lomqondo wokuqala, upadana, alinayo inguqulelo yesiNgesi ngqo; intsingiselo yentsingiselo yayo "ngamafutha", nangona isoloko iguqulelwa njenge "isincamathiselo". Kwangokunjalo, igama lesiSanskrit elithetha "ukuthintela / ukuzonda", devesha, nalo alikho inguqulelo yesiNgesi. Ngokudibeneyo ezi ngxaki zintathu- ukungazi, uncamathiselo / uncamathiselo kunye nokungathandi- ziyaziwa njengeeTyhefu ezintathu kwaye ukwamkelwa kwazo yiNyaniso yesiBini eQhelekileyo.
Inyaniso yesithathu ebalaseleyo: kunokwenzeka ukuba kupheliswe ukubandezeleka
UBuddha wafundisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ungasokola. Oku kuphakathi kwethemba elihle leBuddhism: ukwamkelwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukumisa idukkha. Oku kufezekiswa ngokushiya inkohliso kunye nokungazi okubangela ukunamathisela / ukunamathisela kunye nokuchasa / inzondo eyenza ubomi bungonelisi. Ukupheliswa kokubandezeleka kunegama elaziwa phantse kuwo wonke umntu: i-nirvana.
Inyani yesine ebalaseleyo: Nantsi indlela yokuphelisa ukubandezeleka
Okokugqibela, uBuddha wafundisa uthotho lwemithetho esebenzayo kunye neendlela zokuhamba ukusuka kwimeko yokungazi / yokuncamathisela / ukungathandi (dukkha) ukuya kwimeko esisigxina yovuyo / ukoneliseka (nirvana). Phakathi kwezi ndlela yiNdlela esiSibhozo esiziiFold Path, iseti yeengcebiso ngobomi ezenzelwe ukuhambisa iingcali kwiNirvana Highway.
Umgaqo wokungabinamathanga
Ukungancamathiseli okunene kukuthintela ingxaki yokuncamathisela / yokuncamathisela echazwe kwiNyaniso yesiBini eQhelekileyo. Ukuba uncamathiselo okanye uncamathiselo yimeko ubomi obungonelisiyo kuyo, kuyacaca ukuba ukungathotyelwa yimeko efanelekileyo kulwaneliseko lobomi, imeko ye-nirvana.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba iBhunga likaBuddhist alikho malunga nokuchaphazela abantu kubomi bakho okanye kumava akho, kodwa endaweni yokuqonda nje into engekhoyo eqhotyoshelweyo ekhoyo ekuqaleni. Lo ngumahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwefilosofi yamaBuddha kunye nabanye. Ngelixa ezinye iinkolo zifuna ukufezekisa imeko yobabalo ngokusebenza nzima kunye nokuchaswa ngokusebenzayo, ubuBuddha bufundisa ukuba sonwabile ngokusisiseko kwaye yinto nje yokuncama nokuyeka imikhwa yethu emibi. kunye nemibono yethu yangaphambi kokuba sikwazi ukufumana undoqo weBuddahood. kuthi sonke.
Xa sichasa inkohliso yokuba ne "ego" ekhoyo ngokwahlukeneyo nangokuzimela kwabanye abantu nakwiziganeko, ngequbuliso siyaqonda ukuba akuyomfuneko ukuba sizikhwebule kuba besisoloko sinxibelelana nazo zonke izinto. Okomzuzwana.
Utitshala weZen, uJohn Daido Loori uthi ukungazinamathiseli kufuneka kuqondwe njengobunye nazo zonke izinto:
Ngokombono wamaBuddha, ukungazinamathiseli kuchasene ngqo nokwahlukana. Ukuze ube nokuncamathisela udinga izinto ezimbini: into oncamathiselwe kuyo kunye naleyo iyincamathiseleyo. -ukuhlaselwa, kwelinye icala, kukho umanyano, kukho umanyano kuba akukho nto yokubopha. Ukuba umanyene nendalo iphela, akukho nto ingekho ngaphandle kwakho ukuze ingcamango yokuncamathisela ingabinangqondo. Ngubani oza kugxila kwintoni? "
Ukuhlala ekungamanyelweni kuthetha ukuba siyaqonda ukuba akuzange kubekho nto kugxilwe kuyo okanye kuncamathiselwa kwasekuqaleni. Kwaye kwabo banokuyiqonda ngokwenyani, yimeko yovuyo lokwenene.