Ukufakwa kweenwele kubuYuda
KobuYuda, abafazi baseOthodoki bayazigquma iinwele zabo ukusukela mhla batshata. Indlela abafazi abagquma ngayo iinwele zabo ibali elihlukileyo kunye nokuqonda i-semantics yokugubungela iinwele xa kuthelekiswa nokugubungela intloko nayo yinto ebalulekileyo yokugubungela i-halakha (umthetho).
Ekuqaleni
Ukuphamba kubangelwa sotah, okanye ukrelekrele okrokrelwayo, kwingxelo yeNumeri 5: 11-22. Ezi ndinyana zichaza ngokweenkcukacha okwenzekayo xa indoda ikrokrela umfazi wokukrexeza.
Wathetha ke uThixo kuMoses, esithi, Thetha koonyana bakaSirayeli, uthi kubo, Xa ithe inkazana yendoda ithe yanxaxha, yenza ubumenemene kuyo, yaza yalala nayo inyama yendoda, ifihlekile emehlweni ayo, umyeni kwaye uba ngongahlambulukanga okanye ongahlambulukanga (tameh) emfihlakalweni, kwaye akuyi kubakho amangqina ngokuchasene nokubanjwa kwakhe, kwaye umoya wobukhwele uya kumfikela kwaye unomona ngomfazi wakhe kwaye unjalo okanye Umona ufika kuye kwaye uyammonela kwaye akahlambulukanga okanye akahlambulukanga, ngoko indoda iya kuthatha umfazi wayo kuMbingeleli oyiNgcwele ize imenzele umnikelo, isahlulo seshumi somgubo we-efa, kwaye kungekhona Uya kugalela ioli phezu kwayo, angayi kugalela isiqhumiso phezu kwayo, kuba ngumnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo oqhutywa likhwele. Kwaye uMbingeleli oNgcwele uya kuye aze ambeke phambi koThixo kwaye uMbingeleli oyiNgcwele uya kuthatha amanzi angcwele kwinqanawa yomhlaba kunye nothuli olusemgangathweni ukusuka kumnikelo oya kuwubekwa nguMbingeleli oyiNgcwele emanzini. Umbingeleli oNgcwele uyakubeka umfazi phambi koThixo kunye neParah iinwele zakhe kwaye abeke umnikelo wesikhumbuzo ezandleni zakhe, ongumnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo wobukhwele, kwaye esandleni sombingeleli kukho amanzi obukrakra azisa isiqalekiso Uya kufungiswa ngumbingeleli oyiNgcwele, esithi, Ukuba akukho ndoda ithe yalala nawe, akwazanga ukuba uyinqambi ngomnye umntu ongena ndoda yakho, woba msulwa kula manzi obukrakra. Kodwa ukuba uphambukile kwaye ungahlambulukanga okanye ungahlambulukanga, amanzi aya kukuchitha aze athi amen, amen.
Kule nxalenye yesicatshulwa, iinwele zomfazi okrokrelwayo yiparah, eneentsingiselo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nokungalukwa okanye ukukhululwa. Isenokuthetha ukuba uphoxekile, ungatyhilelwanga okanye wahlaselwa. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, umfanekiso woluntu okrexezayo okrexezayo utshintshwa lutshintsho kwindlela iinwele zakhe ezibotshelelwe ngayo entlokweni yakhe.
Oorabhi baqonda kule ndima evela kwiTorah, ke ngoko, ukuba ukuthwala kwentloko okanye iinwele yayingumthetho "weentombi zakwaSirayeli" (Sifrei Bamidbar 11) eyalelwa nguThixo.Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkolo, kubandakanya ne-Islam unamantombazana agubungela iinwele zawo ngaphambi komtshato, orabi bafumanise ukuba intsingiselo yale nxalenye yesotah yayithetha ukuba iinwele nentloko yokuthwala zisebenza kuphela kubafazi abatshatileyo.
Isigqibo sokugqibela
Izilumko ezininzi ekuhambeni kwexesha ziye zaphikisana ngokuba ingaba esi sigwebo yayinguDat Moshe (umthetho weTorah) okanye uDat Yehudi, isiko lamaJuda (ngokuxhomekeke kwingingqi, amasiko osapho, njl.njl.) Owaba ngumthetho. Kwangokunjalo, ukunqongophala kokucaca malunga neesemantiki kwiTorah kwenza kube nzima ukuqonda isimbo okanye uhlobo lwentloko okanye iinwele ezazisetyenzisiwe.
Imbono eyoyikisayo neyamkelekileyo malunga nokuthwala entloko, nangona kunjalo, ithi uxanduva lokugubungela iinwele zakho aluguquki kwaye alunakutshintsha (Gemara Ketubot 72a-b), ukuyenza ukuba ibe nguDat Moshe okanye umthetho ongcwele. -Umfazi ongumYuda oqwalaseleyo kufuneka agubungele iinwele emtshatweni. Oku kuthetha, nangona kunjalo, into eyahluke ngokupheleleyo.
Yintoni oza kuyigubungela
KwiTorah, ithi "iinwele" zomfazi okrokrelwayo yayinguParah. Ngendlela yoorabhi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela lo mbuzo ulandelayo: zithini iinwele?
iinwele (n) ukukhula okucekeceke kwefilidermis yesilwanyana; ngokukodwa: enye yeefilament ezinamabala aqhelekileyo enza ingubo yesilwanyana esincancisayo (www.mw.com)
KubuYuda, ukugubungela intloko okanye iinwele kwaziwa ngokuba yi-kisui rosh (key-sue-ee rowh), eguqula ngokwenyani njengokugubungela intloko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ke, nokuba umfazi uthe wacheba intloko, makabe nesigqubuthelo entloko. Ngokunjalo, uninzi lwabasetyhini luthatha oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ugqume kuphela intloko kwaye hayi iinwele eziwela entlokweni yakho.
Kwinkqubo yokubhalwa komthetho kaMaimonides (okwabizwa ngokuba yiRambam), wahlula iintlobo ezimbini zokufumanisa: ngokupheleleyo kunye nenxalenye, ngolwaphulo lokuqala lukaDat Moshe (umthetho weTorah). Iyatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngumyalelo weTorah ngqo kwabasetyhini ukuthintela iinwele zabo ekubonisweni esidlangalaleni, kunye nesiko labafazi abangamaJuda ukuphakamisa loo mgangatho ngenzala yokuthozama kwaye bagcine isigqubuthelo sihleli entloko ngalo lonke ixesha. , kubandakanya ngaphakathi endlwini (Hilchot Ishut 24:12). URambam ke ngoko uthi ukugubungela okupheleleyo ngumthetho kwaye ukugubungela ngokungaphelelanga kulisiko.Ngokugqibela, inqaku lakhe kukuba iinwele zakho mazingaphoxeki [parah] okanye zivezwe.
Kwi-Talmud yaseBhabheli, indlela ethe kratya yokumisela ukuthwala entloko ayamkelekanga esidlangalaleni, kwimeko yomfazi ohamba esuka kwintendelezo yakhe esiya kwenye nge-alley, kwanele kwaye akuphuli Dat Yehudit, okanye umthetho wesiko . I-Jerusalem Talmud, kwelinye icala, inyanzelisa ukuthwala entloko encinci kwintendelezo kunye nentloko epheleleyo kwitrholo. Zombini iBhabhiloni kunye neJerusalem Talmud zijongana "neendawo zikawonke-wonke" kwezi zigwebo. inkanuko. Ngamaxesha eTalmudic, uMaharam Alshakar wathi imicu yayivunyelwe ukuba ijonge ngaphambili (phakathi kwendlebe nebunzi), ngaphandle komkhwa wokugubungela yonke intambo yokugqibela yeenwele zowesifazane. Esi sigwebo sidale into eyayiqondwa ngamaJuda amaninzi obuOthodoki njengo tefach, okanye ububanzi besandla, umthetho weenwele ovumela abanye ukuba iinwele zabo zibe phantsi ngendlela ye-bangs.
Kwinkulungwane yama-20, uRabi Moshe Feinstein wayalela ukuba bonke abantu ababhinqileyo abatshatileyo kufuneka bazigqume iinwele zabo esidlangalaleni kwaye babenyanzelekile ukuba bagubungele yonke imicu, ngaphandle kwetafach. Ubanga ukuba kugqityiwe "njengokuchanekileyo," kodwa isityhilelo se tefach asophulanga Dat Yehudit.
Indlela yokugubungela
Abasetyhini abaninzi bagquma ngezikhafu ezaziwa njenge-tichel (ebizwa ngokuba yi "tickle") okanye i-mitpaha kwa-Israyeli, ngelixa abanye bekhetha ukugubungela ngeqhiya okanye umnqwazi. Baninzi abakhetha ukugubungela iwigi, eyaziwa kwilizwe lamaJuda njenge sheitel (ebizwa shay-tull).
Iwigi yathandwa ngabantu ababengengomaYuda ngaphambili kunamaJuda awayeqwalasele. E-France ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, iiwigi zaye zaduma njengesixhobo sefashoni yamadoda nabafazi, kwaye oorabi bazikhaba iiwigi njengokhetho lwamaJuda kuba kwakungalunganga ukulingisa "iindlela zeentlanga". Abasetyhini bakubona njengendawo yokugubungela iintloko zabo. Ii-Wigs zazigonjiwe, zithandabuza, kodwa abafazi babezigquma ii-wigs ngolunye uhlobo lwentloko, njengesigqoko, njengoko kulisiko kwiindawo ezininzi zonqulo nezaseHasidic namhlanje.
URabi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, ongasekhoyo uLubavitcher Rebbe, wayekholelwa ukuba iwigi yayiyeyona ntloko ilungileyo kumfazi kuba kwakungekho lula ukuyisusa njengesikhafu okanye umnqwazi. Kwelinye icala, owayesakuba ngu-Chief wase-Sephardi u-Rabbi wakwa-Israyeli u-Ovadiah Yosef wabiza ii-wigs "sisifo esineqhenqa", esiya kuthi "lowo uphuma ne-wig, umthetho ungathi uphume ngentloko [ ukufumanisa]. "
NgokukaDarkei Moshe, Orach Chaim 303, ungacheba iinwele zakho kwaye uguqukele kwi-wig:
"Umfazi otshatileyo uvumelekile ukuba abonise iwigi yakhe kwaye akukho mahluko nokuba wenziwe ngeenwele zakhe okanye ezabahlobo bakhe."
Inkcubeko engaqhelekanga ukuyigubungela
Kwiindawo zaseHungary, zamaGalati nase-Ukraine zeHasidic, abafazi abatshatileyo bahlala becheba iintloko zabo ngaphambi kokugubungela kwaye bachebe inyanga nenyanga ngaphambi kokuba baye kwi-mikvah. KwiLithuania, eMorocco naseRomania abafazi babengazigqubutheli iinwele zabo konke konke. Ukusuka kuluntu lwaseLithuania kwavela utata we-Orthodoxy yanamhlanje, uRabi uJoseph Soloveitchik, ongazange abhale zimvo zakhe malunga nokugutyungelwa kweenwele kwaye umfazi wakhe engazange azigubungele zonke iinwele zakhe.