Iitempile ezilungileyo kakhulu ze-tantra
Iitempile ezilungileyo kakhulu ze-tantra
Steve allen
Abalandeli bendlela ye-tantra bancamathisela ukubaluleka ngakumbi kwiitempile ezithile zamaHindu. Oku akubalulekanga kuphela kwi-tantras, kodwa nakubantu besiko "bhakti". Kwezinye zezi tempile "i-bali" okanye umbingelelo wezilwanyana usenziwa nanamhlanje, ngelixa kwezinye, njengetempile yaseMahakaal yase-Ujjain, uthuthu lwabafileyo lusetyenziswa kwizithethe "ze-aarti"; kwaye isini esithandanayo safumana inkuthazo kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yamandulo kwiitempile zaseKhajuraho. Nazi iindawo ezilishumi eziphezulu ze-tantrik, ezinye zazo zibalulekile "Shakti Peethas" okanye iindawo zonqulo ezinikezelwe kuThixokazikazi uShakti, isiqingatha sesetyhini seNkosi Shiva. Olu luhlu lwenziwe ngegalelo lika-Master Tantrik Shri Aghorinath Ji.
Itempile yaseKamakhya, Assam
I-Kamakhya iphakathi kwenkcubeko enamandla kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu eIndiya. Ime kumantla mpuma e-Assam encotsheni yeNilachal Hill. Ngenye ye-108 Shakti Peethas kaThixokazikazi uDurga. Imbali ithi uKamakhya wazalwa xa u-Lord Shiva wayephethe isidumbu somfazi wakhe uSati kwaye "yoni" (amalungu esini obhinqileyo) wawa emhlabeni apho kumi khona ngoku itempile. Itempile ngumqolomba wendalo onentwasahlobo. Kunye nokuhamba ngezinyuko ukuya emathunjini omhlaba kukho igumbi elimnyama nelimangalisayo. Apha, egqunywe ngesilika yesilika kwaye igqunywe ngeentyatyambo, i "matra yoni" iyagcinwa. E-Kamakhya, i-tantrik yamaHindu iye yondliwa zizukulwana zabapristi abakhulu kwiminyaka emininzi.
Kalighat, kwiNtshona Bengal
I-Kalighat, eCalcutta (Kolkata), lubaluleke kakhulu kuhambo lweetantriks. Kuthiwa xa isidumbu sikaSati sachithwa, omnye weminwe yakhe wawa kule ndawo. Iibhokhwe ezininzi zenziwa amadini apha phambi koThixokazikazi uKali, kwaye uninzi lwabaphangi benza izibhambathiso zabo zokuziqeqesha kule tempile yaseKali.
IBishnupur, kwisithili saseBankura seNtshona Bengal, yenye indawo apho bafumana khona amandla abo eTantrik. Injongo yokunqula uthixokazi uManasa, baya e-Bishnupur kumnyhadala wokunqula iinyoka oqhutywa minyaka le ngo-Agasti. IBishnupur yindawo yamandulo neyaziwayo yenkcubeko kunye neyandla.
IBaitala Deula okanye iTempile yeVaital, iBhubaneswar, Orissa
E-Bhubaneswar, i-XNUMXth century Baitala Deula (Vaital) tempile inegama lokuba liziko elinamandla. Ngaphakathi etempileni kukho u-Chamunda (Kali) onamandla, enxibe umgexo womkhakhayi onesidumbu ezinyaweni zakhe. I-Tantriks ifumana indawo yangaphakathi yetempile engacacanga kwindawo efanelekileyo yokufumana imisinga yamandla aphuma kule ndawo.
Ekling, eRajasthan
Umfanekiso ongaqhelekanga onamacala amane weNkosi Shiva oqoshwe ngemabhile emnyama ungabonakala kwitempile yaseShiva yase-Eklingji kufutshane neUdaipur eRajasthan. Ukuhla kwakhona emva kwe-AD 734 okanye njalo, isakhiwo setempile sitsala umlambo othembekileyo wabanquli abaninzi bonyaka.
UBalaji, uRajasthan
Elinye lawona maziko abalulekileyo kwaye athandwayo kwiziko le-tantrik likuBalaji, kufutshane neBharatat, ecaleni kwendlela enguJaipur-Agra. Yitempile kaMehandipur Balaji kwisithili saseDausa eRajasthan. Ukukhupha i-Exorcism yindlela yokuphila eBalaji, kwaye abantu abavela kwihlabathi lonke abaye "bangenwa yimimoya" bathontelana eBalaji ngamanani amaninzi. Ifuna imithambo-luvo yentsimbi ukugcina ezinye zeendlela zokukhupha iidemon ezenziwayo apha. Rhoqo izithonga kunye nokukhala kungavakala ngeemayile ngeenxa zonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, "abaguli" kufuneka bahlale ngokuqhubekayo kangangeentsuku zokukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Ukutyelela itempile yaseBalaji kushiya imvakalelo eyoyikisayo.
IKhajuraho, Madhya Pradesh
IKhajuraho, ekumbindi wombuso waseIndiya iMadhya Pradesh, yaziwa kwihlabathi liphela ngeetempile zayo ezintle kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo evusa inkanuko. Nangona kunjalo, bambalwa abantu abayaziyo idumela layo njengeziko le-tantrik. Ukubonakaliswa okunamandla komnqweno wenyama kunye nokudibanisa izicwangciso zetempile, ezimele ukufuna ngokomoya, zikholelwa ukuba zibonisa iindlela zokugqithisa iminqweno yehlabathi kunye nokufezekisa ukuphakanyiswa ngokomoya, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-nirvana (ukukhanya). Iitempile zaseKhajuraho zihanjelwa ngabantu abaninzi unyaka wonke.
Itempile yaseKaal Bhairon, Madhya Pradesh
Itempile ka-Ujjain Kaal Bhairon inesithixo esimnyama esimnyama saseBhairon, esaziwa ngokulima i-Tantrik. Kuthatha malunga neyure ukuqhuba emaphandleni anoxolo ukufikelela kule tempile yakudala. Iitanki, i-mystics, i-snake charmers, kunye nabo bafuna "i-siddhi" okanye ukukhanyiselwa bavame ukutsalwa kwi-Bhairon kwinqanaba lokuqala lokufuna kwabo. Ngelixa amasiko ehluka, umnikelo wotywala welizwe ekrwada yinto engenakufunyanwa kunqulo lweBhairon. Utywala bunikezelwa kuthixo ngomthendeleko ofanelekileyo kunye nesidima.
Itempile yaseMahakaleswar, Madhya Pradesh
Itempile yaseMahakaleswar lelinye iziko elidumileyo leTigi Ujjain. Izinyuko zokuhamba zikhokelela kwindawo engcwele yangaphakathi eneShiva lingam. Imibhiyozo emininzi enomdla yenzeka apha imini yonke. Nangona kunjalo, i-tantriks, ngumsitho wokuqala wosuku onomdla okhethekileyo. Ingqwalasela yabo ijolise kwi "bhasm aarti" okanye kwisithethe sothuthu, ekuphela kwaso salo emhlabeni. Kuthiwa uthuthu apho "iShiva lingam" luhlanjwa ngalo "rhoqo kusasa kufuneka lube lolwesidumbu esidumbuweyo kusuku olungaphambili. Ukuba ukutshiswa akwenzekanga e-Ujjain, uthuthu kufuneka lufumaneke kuzo zonke iindleko kwindawo ekufuphi yokutshisa isidumbu. Nangona kunjalo, abaphathi betempile bathi nangona yayiqhelekile into yokuba uthuthu lube lolwesidumbu "esitsha", lo mkhuba wawusele unqunyanyisiwe. Kukholelwa ukuba abo banethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo lokuya kwesi siko abanakuze bafe ngaphambi kwexesha.
Umgangatho ophezulu wetempile yaseMahakaleswar uhlala uvaliwe eluntwini unyaka wonke. Nangona kunjalo, kanye ngonyaka - ngeNag Panchami Day - umgangatho ophezulu kunye nemifanekiso yayo emibini yenyoka (ekucingelwa ukuba ingumthombo wamandla amakhulu) ivulelwe uluntu, abaza kufuna iGorakhnath ki Dhibri's "darshan", Ngokwentsingiselo ethetha "ummangaliso weGorakhnath".
Itempile yaseJwalamukhi, Himachal Pradesh
Le ndawo ibaluleke ngokukhethekileyo kumanyala kwaye itsala amawaka amakholwa kunye nabantu abathandabuzayo unyaka nonyaka. Kugadiwe kwaye kukhathalelwe ngabalandeli abanobukrakra baseGorakhnath - owaziwayo ukuba usikelelwe ngamandla angummangaliso- le ndawo ayisiyonto ingaphezulu kwesangqa esincinci esimalunga neenyawo ezintathu ukujikeleza. Izinyuko zokuhamba ezimfutshane zikhokelela kwindawo ebiyelweyo emqolombeni. Ngaphakathi kulo mqolomba kukho amachibi amabini amancinci amanzi e-crystalline, ondliwe yimithombo yendalo engaphantsi komhlaba. Iijethi ezintathu zedangatye elityheli-orenji likhanya ngokuqhubekayo, rhoqo, ukusuka emacaleni echibi, iisentimitha ezimbalwa ngaphezulu komphezulu wamanzi, obonakala ngathi uyabila, ugcuma ngolonwabo. Nangona kunjalo, uya kumangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba la manzi abonakala ngathi abilayo ayayihlaziya. Njengoko abantu befuna ukutyhila ummangaliso weGorakhnath, ii-tantriks ziyaqhubeka nokuchaphazela amandla asekwe emqolombeni kwimfuno yabo yokuziqonda.
IBaijnath, i-Himachal Pradesh
Uninzi lweTantric luhamba ukusuka eJwalamukhi luye eBaijnath, luhleli emazantsi eDhauladhars. Ngaphakathi, "i-lingam" yeVaidyanath (Lord Shiva) kudala iluphawu lokuhlonitshwa kwenani elikhulu labahambi abahambela le tempile yakudala unyaka wonke. Ababingeleli betempile babanga inzala indala njengetempile. I-Tantriks kunye ne-yogis bayavuma ukuba baya e-Baijnath ukuya kufuna amanye amagunya okuphilisa ane-Lord Shiva, INkosi yamaGqirha. Ngesiqhelo, amanzi aseBaijnath akholelwa ekubeni anezinto zokugaya ezothusayo kwaye kuthiwa kude kube lixesha elidlulileyo, abalawuli kwiKangra Valley yaseHimachal Pradesh babesela amanzi afunyenwe eBaijnath.