Abancedisi abangcwele abalishumi elinesine: abangcwele besibetho ixesha le-coronavirus

Nangona ubhubhane we-COVID-19 uphazamise ubomi babantu abaninzi ngo-2020, ayisosihlandlo sokuqala ukuba iCawe ibenengxaki enzima yezempilo.

Embindini wenkulungwane ye-50, isibetho - esikwabizwa ngokuba "sisibetho esiMnyama" - sikwabizwa ngokuba "Yeyona ntlekele inkulu eyakha yakho" - yatshabalalisa iYurophu, yabulala abantu abazizigidi ezingama-60, okanye malunga nama-XNUMX% yabemi. Ukufa okuphezulu kakhulu kune-coronavirus) kwisithuba seminyaka embalwa.

Ukusilela kwinkqubela phambili kwezonyango namhlanje kunye nokubeka izidumbu emingxunyeni enje nge "lasagna enamaqhekeza e-pasta kunye netshizi," abantu babengenandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokubambelela kwinkolo yabo.

Kwakungelo xesha apho iiSanta eziNcedisayo ezilishumi elinesine - iingcwele zamaKatolika, bonke ngaphandle komfel 'ukholo - babizwa ngamaKatolika malunga nesibetho kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi.

Ngokwentshukumo entsha yeLiturgical, ukuzinikela kwaba bangcwele abali-14 kwaqala eJamani ngexesha lesibetho kwaye babizwa ngokuba yi "Nothelfer", igama lesiJamani elithetha "abancedisi abasweleyo".

Njengoko ukuhlaselwa kwesibetho kwavela kwakhona kumashumi eminyaka, ukuzinikela kwabaNgcwele abangcwele basasazeka nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye ekugqibeleni uNicholas V wabhengeza ukuba ukuzinikela kwabangcwele kuza neempazamo ezizodwa.

Ngokwentshukumo entsha yeLituru, le ntetho yomthendeleko wabaNgcwele abangcwele (ibhiyozelwa nge-8 ka-Agasti kwezinye iindawo) ifumaneka kwi-1483 Krakow Missal:

“IMisa yeeSanta ezilishumi elinesine eziNcedisayo, evunywe nguPopu Niccolò… inamandla kuzo, nokuba umntu ugula kangakanani okanye unxunguphele okanye ulusizi, nokuba ungowuphi na umbandezelo umntu anokuba kuwo. Ikwanamandla egameni lababanjwayo kunye nabavalelweyo, egameni labarhwebi kunye nabahambi ngezonqulo, kwabo bagwetyelwe ukubhubha, kwabo basemfazweni, kwabasetyhini abasokolayo ukuzala, okanye ukuphuma kwesisu, kunye (nokuxolelwa) kwezono nabafileyo “.

Ingqokelela yomthendeleko wabo kwi-Missal of Bamberg ifundeka ngoluhlobo: "Thixo uSomandla nenceba, owayehombise abangcwele bakho uGeorge, Blase, Erasmus, Pantaleone, Vito, Cristoforo, Denis, Ciriaco, Acacio, Eustachio, Giles, Margherita, Barbara no Catherine kunye amalungelo akhethekileyo ngaphezulu kwabo bonke abanye, ukuze bonke abo kwiimfuno zabo bacele uncedo lwabo, ngokobabalo lwesithembiso sakho, banokufumana isiphumo somvuzo wesicelo sabo, sinike, siyakubongoza, uxolelo lwezono zethu, kunye ukufaneleka kwabo bayasithethelela, basihlangule kubo bonke ubunzima kwaye bamamele imithandazo yethu “.

Nantsi encinci nganye yeeNgcali eziNcedisayo ezilishumi elinesine:

ISan Giorgio: nangona kuncinci okwaziwayo ngobomi bakhe ngokuqinisekileyo, uSan Giorgio wayengumfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX phantsi kwentshutshiso yomlawuli uDiocletian. Ijoni elalisemkhosini kaDiocletian, uSt. George wala ukubamba amaKrestu kunye nokwenza amadini koothixo baseRoma. Ngaphandle kokunyoba kukaDiocletian ukuze atshintshe ingqondo, uSt. Kucelwa izifo zesikhumba kunye nokukhubazeka.

St Blase: Omnye umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ukusweleka kukaSt Blase kuyafana kakhulu ne-St George. Ubishophu eArmenia ngexesha lentshutshiso yamaKrestu, uSt Blase ekugqibeleni wanyanzelwa ukuba abalekele ehlathini ukunqanda ukufa. Ngenye imini iqela labazingeli lafumana iSt.Blase, bambamba bamxela kwabasemagunyeni. Ngexesha elithile emva kokubanjwa kwakhe, umama ononyana owayenethambo eliyingozi lomqala emqaleni wakhe watyelela iSt Blase kwaye, ngentsikelelo yakhe, ithambo laphuka kwaye le nkwenkwe yasindiswa. ISt Blase yayalelwa yirhuluneli yaseKapadokiya ukuba ichase ukholo lwayo kwaye ibingelele kwizithixo zobuhedeni. Wala kwaye wangcungcuthekiswa ngenkohlakalo kwaye ekugqibeleni wanqunyulwa intloko ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho. Kucelwa kwizifo zomqala.

I-Sant'Erasmo: Ubhishophu wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX waseFomia, uSant'Erasmo (okwabizwa ngokuba yiSant'Elmo) wajongana nentshutshiso phantsi ko-Emperor Diocletian. Ngokwentsomi, wabaleka okwethutyana eNtabeni yeLebhanon esaba intshutshiso, apho watyiswa khona ngugwababa. Emva kokufunyanwa, wabanjwa kwaye wavalelwa, kodwa wasinda ngokungummangaliso izihlandlo ezininzi ngoncedo lwengelosi. Ngaxa lithile wathuthunjiswa ngokukhutshwa kwenxalenye yamathumbu akhe ngentonga eshushu. Ezinye iingxelo zithi waphiliswa ngokungummangaliso kula manxeba kwaye wabulawa zizinto zendalo, ngelixa ezinye zisithi le yayiyimbangela yokufa kwakhe. I-Sant'Erasmo icelwa ngabo banengxaki yokuqaqanjelwa sisisu kunye nabafazi abasebenzayo.

ISan Pantaleone: Omnye umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX owayetshutshiswa phantsi kukaDiocletian, uSan Pantaleone wayengunyana wobuhedeni osisityebi, kodwa wafundiswa kubuKrestu ngunina nangumbingeleli. Wayesebenza njengogqirha kumlawuli uMaximinian. Ngokwentsomi, iSan Pantaleone yamangalelwa njengomKristu kumlawuli ngoontanga bakhe ababenomona ngelifa lakhe elityebileyo. Xa walayo ukunqula oothixo bobuxoki, iSan Pantaleone yathuthunjiswa kwaye ukubulawa kwakhe kwazama ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: iitotshi ezazikhanyiswe enyameni yakhe, ibhafu yelothe elulwelo, waphoswa elwandle ebotshelelwe elityeni njalo njalo. Ngalo lonke ixesha esindiswa ekufeni nguKrestu, owayebonakala ekwimo yombingeleli. I-Saint Pantaleone yanqunyulwa ngempumelelo kuphela emva kokufuna ukubulawa kwakhe. Uyabhenelwa njengongcwele ngcwele woogqirha nabazalisikazi.

San Vito: Kwakhona umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX owayetshutshiswa nguDiocletian, uSan Vito wayengunyana wesenethi eSicily kwaye waba ngumKristu phantsi kwempembelelo yomongikazi wakhe. Ngokwentsomi, uSt. Vitus waphembelela iinguqu ezininzi kwaye wenza imimangaliso emininzi, eyabacaphukisa abo babuthiyile ubuKristu. USt Vitus, umongikazi wakhe ongumKristu kunye nomyeni wakhe, baxelwa kumlawuli, owayalela ukuba babulawe xa bengavumi ukulahla ukholo lwabo. NjengeSan Pantaleone, kwenziwa iinzame ezininzi zokubabulala, kubandakanya nokubakhulula kwiingonyama kwiColosseum, kodwa zaziziswa ngokungummangaliso ngalo lonke ixesha. Ekugqibeleni babulawa kuloo nqanawa. ISan Vito icelwa isifo sokuwa, ukukhubazeka kunye nezifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

UChristopher Ongcwele: Umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane yesithathu ogama linguReprobus, wayengunyana wabahedeni kwaye wayeqale wathembisa inkonzo yakhe kukumkani ongumhedeni nakuSathana. Ekugqibeleni, ukuguqulwa kokumkani kunye nemfundo yemonki kwakhokelela uReprobos ukuba aguqukele kubuKrestu, kwaye wabizwa ukuba asebenzise amandla akhe kunye nezihlunu ukunceda ukuthwala abantu ukuwela umlambo ovuthuzayo apho kwakungekho bhulorho. Ngenye imini wayephethe umntwana owazibhengeza njengoKrestu kwaye wabhengeza ukuba uMgxeki uza kubizwa ngokuba ngu "Christopher" - okanye umthwali kaKristu. Intlanganiso yagcwalisa uChristopher ngenzondelelo yezithunywa zevangeli kwaye wabuyela ekhaya eTurkey ukuguqula phantse i-50.000. Enomsindo, uMlawuli uDecius wabamba uChristopher, wavalelwa entolongweni kwaye wangcungcuthekiswa. Ngelixa wayekhululwa kwiintuthumbo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukudutyulwa ngeentolo, uChristopher wanqunyulwa intloko malunga nonyaka wama-250.

I-St. Denis: Kukho iingxelo ezingqubanayo zikaSt.Denis, ezinye iiakhawunti zisithi waguqukela ebuKristwini eAthene nguSt. Paul, emva koko waba ngubhishophu wokuqala waseParis ngenkulungwane yokuqala. Ezinye iiakhawunti zibanga ukuba wayengubhishophu waseParis kodwa wafela ukholo ngenkulungwane yesithathu. Into eyaziwayo kukuba wayengumthunywa wevangeli onenzondelelo owathi ekugqibeleni wafika eFrance, apho wanqunyulwa intloko eMontmartre - iNtaba yeMartyrs- indawo apho amaKristu amaninzi okuqala abulawa ngenxa yokholo. Ucelwa ukuba ahlasele iidemon.

ISan Ciriaco: Omnye umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane yesine, uSan Ciriaco, umdikoni, wayethandwa ngu-Emperor uDiocletian emva kokuphatha intombi ka-Emperor egameni likaYesu, emva koko waba ngumhlobo womlawuli. NgokweCatholicism.org nakwiThe Fourteen Holy Helers, ebhalwe nguFr. UBonaventure Hammer, i-OFM, emva kokubhubha kukaDiocletian, owangena ezihlangwini zakhe, uMlawuli uMaximin, wakonyusa intshutshiso yamaKrestu kwaye wamvalela uCyriacus, owangcungcuthekiswa kwirock wanqunyulwa intloko ngenxa yokwala ukubulahla ubuKristu. Ungumgcini oyingcwele wabo banezifo zamehlo.

U-Sant'Acacio: Umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane ye-311 phantsi ko-Emperor Galerius, u-Sant'Acacio wayengukapteni womkhosi wase-Roma xa weva ilizwi limxelela ukuba "abongoze uncedo loThixo wamaKrestu", ngokwesiko. Wathobela amarhe kwaye wacela ubhaptizo kwinkolo yobuKristu. Wayekulungele ngenzondelelo ukuguqula amajoni omkhosi, kodwa kungekudala wagwetyelwa umlawuli, wangcungcuthekiswa kwaye wathunyelwa kwinkundla yamatyala, phambi koko waphinda wala ukwala inkolo yakhe. Emva kwezinye izinto ezininzi zokungcungcuthekiswa, waphiliswa ngokungummangaliso, uSt. Acacius wanqunyulwa intloko ngonyaka ka-XNUMX. Ungoyena mntu ukhuselekileyo kwabo banengxaki yemigraine.

USant'Eustachio: kuncinci okwaziwayo malunga nenkulungwane yesibini yomfeli-nkolo, etshutshiswa phantsi komlawuli uTrajan. Ngokwesiko, u-Eustace wayengumphathi-jikelele womkhosi owaguqukela kubuKrestu emva kokuba umbono woMnqamlezo uvele phakathi kweempondo zexhama xa wayezingela. Waguqula usapho lwakhe lwaba bubuKrestu kwaye yena nenkosikazi yakhe batshiswa bade bafa emva kokwala ukuthatha inxaxheba kumsitho wobuhedeni. Ucelwa umlilo.

USt Giles: Omnye wabaNgcwele abangabaNcedisi bamva kwaye ekuphela kwakhe okwaziwayo ukuba angaba ngumfeli-nkolo, uSt Giles waba yimonki yenkulungwane ye-712 kwindawo yaseAthene nangona wayezalwa zizidwangube. Ekugqibeleni wathatha umhlala phantsi entlango wayokufumana umzi woonongendi phantsi kolawulo lwe St Benedict, kwaye wayesaziwa ngobungcwele bakhe nangemimangaliso awayenzayo. NgokweCatholicism.org, wayekhe wacebisa uCharles Martel, utatomkhulu kaCharlemagne, ukuba avume isono esasimsindisile. UGiles wasweleka ngoxolo ngonyaka we-XNUMX kwaye wabhengeza kwizifo ezikhubazayo.

USanta Margherita d'Antiochia: Omnye umfeli-nkolo wenkulungwane yesine watshutshiswa nguDiocletian, uSanta Margherita, njengoSan Vito, waguqukela ebuKristwini phantsi kwefuthe lomongikazi wakhe, ecaphukisa utata wakhe kwaye emnyanzela ukuba amkhanyele. Intombi engcwalisiweyo, uMargaret wayekhe wakhathalela imihlambi yeegusha xa umRoma embona wazama ukumenza umfazi okanye ishweshwe. Xa walayo, umRoma wayalela uMargaret phambi kwenkundla, apho wayalelwa ukuba aqale inkolo yakhe okanye afe. Wala kwaye wayalelwa ukuba atshiswe kwaye abiliswe ephila, kwaye ngokungummangaliso wasindiswa bobabini. Ekugqibeleni, wanqunyulwa intloko. Uyacelwa njengomkhuseli wabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabo banesifo sezintso.

USanta Barbara: Nangona kuncinci okwaziwayo malunga nalo mfelukholo wenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX, kucingelwa ukuba uSanta Barbara wayeyintombi yendoda esisityebi kunye nomona eyayizama ukugcina uBarbara emhlabeni. Xa wavuma kuye ukuba uguqukele ebuKristwini, wamgxeka, wamsa phambi kwabasemagunyeni, abathi makangcungcuthekiswe kwaye anqunyulwe intloko. Ngokwentsomi, utata wakhe wanqumla intloko, ngenxa yoko wabethwa ngumbane kamsinya emva koko. USanta Barbara ubhenelwa kwimililo kunye neenkqwithela.

Intetho yesibongo, imvelaphi, ukuhambelana kwefayili Katherine.Zonke iinkonzo ze-intanethi.Igama elithi Katherine. Ukumkanikazi naye waguqukela kubuKrestu ngaphambi kokuba asweleke. Xa uMaximin waqala ukutshutshisa amaKristu ase-Egypt, u-Saint Catherine wamkhalimela kwaye wazama ukumbonisa ukuba oothixo bakhe babubuxoki. Emva kokuphikisana nabaphengululi be-emperor, abaninzi babo baguquka ngenxa yeengxoxo zakhe, uCatherine wabethelwa, wavalelwa entolongweni, kwaye ekugqibeleni wanqunyulwa ikhanda. Ungumxhasi wezithandi zobulumko kunye nabafundi abancinci.