Imibhalo engcwele yamaHindu
Ngokuka-Swami Vivekananda, "ubuncwane obuqokelelweyo bemithetho yokomoya efunyenwe ngabantu abohlukeneyo ngeminyaka eyahlukeneyo" yenza isicatshulwa esingcwele samaHindu. Ngokudibeneyo kubizwa ngokuba nguShastras, zimbini iindidi zemibhalo engcwele kwizibhalo zamaHindu: iShruti (yeviwe) kunye neSmriti (ekhunjulwe).
Uncwadi lweSruti lubhekisa kumkhwa wabangcwele bamandulo bamaHindu ababephila ubomi bodwa ehlathini, apho bakhulisa khona ukuqonda okubavumela ukuba "beve" okanye bazi iinyani zendalo iphela. Uncwadi lweSruti lwahlulwe lwangamacandelo amabini: iVedas kunye neeUpanishads.
Kukho iiVedas ezine:
IRig Veda- "Ulwazi lokwenyani"
I-Sama Veda - "Ulwazi lweengoma"
I-Yajur Veda- "Ulwazi ngezithethe zamadini"
UAtharva Veda - "Ulwazi lomzimba"
Kukho i-Upanishads eyi-108 esele ikho, apho i-10 ibaluleke kakhulu: Isa, Kena, Katha, Prashna, Mundaka, Mandukya, Taitiriya, Aitareya, Chandogya, Brihadaranyaka.
Uncwadi lwaseSmriti lubhekisa kwimibongo kunye neembongi "ezikhunjulwayo" okanye "ezikhunjulwayo". Athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwamaHindu, kuba kulula ukuwaqonda, achaza iinyani zomhlaba ngokufuzisela kunye neentsomi, kwaye aqulathe amanye amabali amnandi kwaye anika umdla kwimbali yoncwadi lwehlabathi ngenkolo. Ezona zintathu zibalulekileyo kuncwadi lweSmriti zezi:
IBhagavad Gita - Eyona idumileyo kwizibhalo zamaHindu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi "Ingoma Ethandekayo", eyabhalwa malunga nenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX ye-BC kwaye yenza icandelo lesithandathu leMahabharata. Inezona zifundo zibalaseleyo zobuthixo ngobume bukaThixo nobomi.
IMahabharata - Owona mbongo mde emhlabeni wabhalwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC, kwaye ujongene nomzabalazo wamandla phakathi kwePandava kunye neentsapho zeKaurava, ngokudibana kweziqendu ezininzi ezenza ubomi.
I-Ramayana -Iyona nto ithandwa kakhulu zii-epics zamaHindu, eziqulunqwe nguValmiki malunga ne-300 okanye ye-XNUMX leminyaka BC kunye nokongezwa kamva ukuya kuthi ga kwi-XNUMX AD. Ichaza ibali lesibini sasebukhosini sika-Ayodhya -uRam noSita kunye nolunye uninzi lwabalinganiswa kunye nezinto abazenzayo.