Ibali le-Ista kumaYuda

Ekupheleni kwencwadi yebhayibhile yeGenesis, uJoseph usisa usapho lwakhe ukuya eYiputa. Ngaphezulu kweenkulungwane ezalandelayo, inzala yosapho lukaYosefu (amaJuda) yanda kangangokuba xa kwakuza kulawula ukumkani omtsha, woyika into enokwenzeka xa amaYuda ethe agqiba kwelokuba avukele amaYiputa. Ugqiba kwelokuba eyona ndlela yokuthintela le meko kukuyenza ikhoboka (iEksodus 1). Ngokwesiko, la makhoboka angamaJuda ngookhokho bamaYuda anamhlanje.

Ngaphandle kwemizamo kafaroo yokoyisa amaJuda, bayaqhubeka ukuba nabantwana abaninzi. Njengoko amanani abo ekhula, uFaro ucebisa elinye icebo: uya kuthumela amajoni ukuba abulale onke amakhwenkwe amakhwenkwe azelwe ngoomama abangamaJuda. Yilapho ibali likaMoses liqala khona.

UMoses
Ukuhlangula uMoses kwisibetho esoyikekayo esayalelwa nguFaro, umama nodadewabo bamfaka ebhaskithini bamhambisa emlanjeni. Ithemba labo lelokuba ibhasikithi iya kudada ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye nabani na ofumana umntwana uzakuyithatha njengeyabo. Udadewabo, uMiriam, uyamlandela njengoko ibhaskiti indanda. Ekugqibeleni, akafumaneki ngaphandle kwentombi kaFaro. Gcina uMoses umvuse abe ngowakhe, ukuze umntwana ongumJuda akhuliswe njengenkosana yase-Egypt.

Xa uMoses ekhula, ubulala umlindi waseYiputa xa embona ebetha ikhoboka elingumYuda. Ke uMoses usaba asindise ubomi bakhe, esiya entlango. Entlango, ujoyine usapho lukaYitro, umbingeleli wakwaMidiyan, etshata nentombi kaYitro aze abe nabantwana. Uba ngumalusi womhlambi kaJetro kwaye ngenye imini, ngelixa esalusa iigusha, uMoses wadibana noThixo entlango. Ilizwi likaThixo liyambiza kwityholo elivuthayo kwaye uMoses uyaphendula: "Hineini!" ("Ndikho!" NgesiHebhere.)

UThixo uxelela uMoses ukuba wakhethwa ukuba akhulule amaYuda ebukhobokeni base Yiphutha. UMoses akaqinisekanga ukuba angawenza lo myalelo. Kodwa uThixo uyamqinisekisa uMoses ukuba uyakufumana uncedo kumncedisi kaThixo kunye nomntakwabo uAron.

Izilonda ezili-10
Kungekudala emva koko, uMoses ubuyela eYiputa kwaye ucela uFaro ukuba akhulule amaYuda ebukhobokeni. UFaro uyala kwaye, ngenxa yoko, uThixo uthumela izibetho ezilishumi eYiputa:

1. Igazi-amanzi aseYiputa ajika aba ligazi. Zonke iintlanzi ziyafa kwaye amanzi awasebenziseki.
2. Amasele: Iqela elikhulu lamasele ligqugqisa ilizwe lase-Egypt.
3. IMidges okanye iLice - Ubuninzi beedges okanye iintwala bahlasela amakhaya ama-Egypt kwaye babaphethe kakubi abantu base-Egypt.
4. Izilwanyana zasendle-Izilwanyana zasendle zingena emakhaya nasemhlabeni wase-Egypt, zibangele intshabalalo kunye nokwenza umonakalo.
5. Iindyikitya zokufa - Iinkomo zase-Egypt ziyachaphazeleka sesi sifo.
6. Amaqamza-Abantu base-Egypt babethwa ngamaqamza abuhlungu agubungela imizimba yabo.
7. Isichotho - Isimo sezulu esibi sitshabalalisa izityalo zase-Egypt kwaye sizibethe.
8. Iinkumbi: Inkumbi inyakazela eYiputa kwaye itya ukutya okuseleyo kunye nokutya.
9. Ubumnyama - Ubumnyama bugubungela umhlaba wase-Egypt iintsuku ezintathu.
10. Ukufa kwamazibulo - Izibulo losapho ngalunye lwase-Egypt luyabulawa. Izibulo lezilwanyana zaseYiputa nazo ziyafa.

Isibetho seshumi kulapho iholide yamaJuda yePasika ifika khona kuba, njengoko iNgelosi yokufa yayindwendwele i-Yiphutha, "yadlula" izindlu zamaJuda, ezaziphawulwe ngegazi lemvana kwimigubasi yeminyango. ucango.

Ukuphuma
Emva kwesibetho seshumi, uFaro uyanikezela kwaye akhulule amaYuda. Bakhawuleza balungise isonka sabo, bengayeki nokuyeka intlama, yiyo loo nto amaJuda esitya imasha (isonka esingenagwele) ngePasika.

Kungekudala emva kokushiya amakhaya abo, uFaro watshintsha ingqondo wathumela amajoni emva kwamaYuda, kodwa xa abo babengamakhoboka befika kuLwandle oluBomvu, amanzi ayahlukana ukuze babaleke. Xa amajoni ezama ukubalandela, amanzi abahlasela. Ngokwentsomi yamaJuda, xa iingelosi zaqala ukuvuya xa amaJuda ebaleka kwaye amajoni erhaxwayo, uThixo wawakhalimela, esithi, "Izidalwa zam ziyatshona kwaye nicula iingoma!" Le midrash (imbali yoorabhi) isifundisa ukuba akufuneki sivuyisane nokubandezeleka kweentshaba zethu. (UTelushkin, uJoseph. "ULwazi lokuFunda nokuBhala lwamaJuda." Iphe. 35-36).

Nje ukuba bawele amanzi, amaJuda aqala inxenye elandelayo yohambo lwabo njengoko bekhangela iLizwe Lesithembiso. Ibali lePasika lisibonisa ukuba amaYuda ayifumana njani inkululeko yawo aza aba ngookhokho babantu bamaJuda.