Ngaba Ngokwenene Kwenyuka?
Ekuphakameni kweentsuku ezingamashumi amane awazichitha nabafundi bakhe emva kokuvuka kwakhe, uYesu wenyuka waya ezulwini. AmaKatolika ahlala eqonda ukuba esi sisiganeko sokwenyani nesingummangaliso. Siyakholelwa ukuba yenzekile kwaye, njengeCawa, siyayitsho njalo ngeCawa.
Kodwa le mfundiso ikwanabagxeki bayo. Abanye bayigculele le mfundiso, befanisa “ukubhabha” kukaYesu nesiphekepheke sika-Apollo, njengoko kwakuyinto ehlekisayo phakathi kwabantu abangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo kwiminyaka yoo-60 kunye neyee-70. Abanye bayabuphika ubukho bommangaliso kwaphela. Ukanti abanye, abanjengomfundi wezakwalizwi wamaEpiscopal uJohn Shelby Spong, bafunda ukunyukela ezulwini njengento engeyiyo eyokwenyani neyokomfuziselo: “Umntu wale mihla uyazi ukuba xa uphakama eMhlabeni (njengasezulwini), awuyi ezulwini. Ngena kumjikelo. "
Ukujonga ukugxekwa okunje, amaKatolika angabukhusela njani ubunyani bokunyuka kukaKristu?
Umntu angavelana nesichaso sikaSpong apha ngasentla. Ngapha koko, ngaba izulu alifanelanga ukuba "lingaphaya" kwendalo ebonakalayo? Sisichaso esinomdla, apho u-CS Lewis athe wanikela ngento endiyifumeneyo iyanelisa. Emva kokuvuka kwakhe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiNkosi yethu,
ngandlela ithile, nangona ingeyiyo indlela yethu, eyomzimba, irhoxile kwintando yayo ngendalo ethiwe thaca ngamanqanaba ethu amathathu kunye nezivamvo ezintlanu, hayi kwilizwe elingenabuntu kwaye lingenamlinganiso, kodwa kungena, okanye, okanye umhlaba we-super-sens kunye ne-super-space. Kwaye unokukhetha ukuyenza ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngubani isihogo owaziyo ababonayo? Ukuba bathi babone intshukumo yomzuzwana ecaleni kwenqwelomoya ethe nkqo-ke ubunzima obungacacanga-ke akukho nto-ngubani oza kuthi le nto ayinakwenzeka?
Ke kusenokwenzeka ukuba uYesu, wayesekwimo yomzimba, wakhetha ukunganyukeli ezinkwenkwezini, kodwa emhlabeni kuphela njengesiqalo sohambo oluphezulu kakhulu ukuya ezulwini. Oku kuthatha, ewe, ukuba imimangaliso inokwenzeka. Kodwa ngaba ngabo?
Imimangaliso yinkcazo yeziganeko ezingaphezu kwendalo; kwaye inzululwazi ivavanya kuphela izinto zendalo. Ukuchaza ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba imimangaliso inokwenzeka na, umntu kufuneka ajonge ngaphaya, umzekelo, ii-microscopes kunye nabalawuli kwaye abuze ukuba ngaba ezo ziganeko zinokwenzeka kwizizathu zefilosofi. Usenokuba uvile uhlobo oluthile lwesichaso sikaDavid Hume sokuba ummangaliso kukwaphula imithetho yendalo. I-hypothesis yeyokuba uThixo, ukuba ebekhona, ngekhe abe nelungelo lokwenza into engaphaya kwendalo kwindalo yendalo. Ngoba kutheni? Ibango lekholwa lihlala njalo ukuba uThixo ungoyena nobangela wazo zonke izinto ezibonakalayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungumyili kunye nomgcini wemithetho yendalo kunye nezinto abazilawulayo. Ngowowona mthetho uphakamileyo.
Kububudenge ukummangalela, ke ngoko, ngokwaphula eyakhe "imithetho" kuba engenasibophelelo sokuziphatha okanye esisengqiqweni sokuvelisa iziphumo kuphela ngolwalamano oluqhelekileyo lomzimba oluxhasayo yena buqu. Njengoko isithandi sobulumko uAlvin Plantinga sibuze, kutheni singenakucinga ngemithetho yendalo njengezichaza indlela uThixo aqhele ukuyiphatha ngayo into ayenzileyo? Kwaye ekubeni sifumanisa ukuba uninzi lweenkcazo-bungcali ezigqityiweyo ziphela zingonelanga ukuchaza zonke izinto ezifanelekileyo, singatsho njani ukuba siyazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni "imithetho"?
Elinye inyathelo lokomeleza ukuzikhusela kwethu ukunyuka kukaKrestu kukubonisa ukuba kukho izizathu ezilungileyo zokukholelwa kuvuko lukaYesu.Ukuba kungenzeka ukuba uvuko lukaYesu lungamkelwe ngokusesikweni, ngoko ke ingangokunyuka kwakhe.
Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokuphikisana noVuko kukusebenzisa eyona ndlela ingabalulekanga eyacetyiswa ngumfundi uJürgen Habermas. Oku kubandakanya ukuthathela ingqalelo iinyani zembali ezamkelwa ngokubanzi ziingcali zonke (uninzi lwabaphikisi lubandakanyiwe), emva koko kungqina ukuba uvuko, endaweni yengcaciso yendalo, yeyona nkcazo ilungileyo kubo. Ezi nyaniso zigqitywe kakuhle- into umbhali-mbali uMike Licona ayibiza ngokuba "sisiseko sembali" - kubandakanya ukufa kukaYesu ngokubethelelwa emnqamlezweni, ukubonakala kukaKrestu ovukileyo, ingcwaba elingenanto, kunye nokuguquka ngesiquphe kukaSt. Paul, utshaba nomtshutshisi amaKristu okuqala.
Enye ingcamango kukuba abafundi babenombono xa babona uYesu ovusiweyo. Le ntelekelelo ikhathazwe kwasekuqaleni kukuba onke amaqela athi ambonile uYesu kwaoko (1 KwabaseKorinte 15: 3-6). I-hallucinations yeqela ayinakulindeleka kuba abantu babelana ngobuchopho okanye iingqondo. Kodwa nokuba umbono usenokubakho, ngaba loo nto ingachaza ukuguquka kukaSt. Ngawaphi amathuba athi yena nabalandeli bakaKristu babe nemibono kuYesu ovusiweyo ngokwakhe? Ezona ngcaciso zichanekileyo kuzo zonke ezi ziganeko zinxulumene nomntu wokwenene, uYesu, owavuka kwabafileyo emva kokubethelelwa kwakhe.
Ngaba ingxelo yokunyuka ngokwayo inokubuza? Xa iSan Luca ingowona mthombo wethu uphambili, singakholelwa njani ukuba usixelela ibali kwaye ayisiyiyo ingxelo? UJohn Shelby Spong kungenzeka ukuba uyayifumana le ngcaciso: “ULuca akazange atsho ukuba ubhale ngokoqobo. Sichaze kakubi ubukrelekrele bukaLuka ngokumfunda ngokoqobo “.
Ingxaki kolu kufunda kukuba uLuka ukwala ngokucacileyo ukubakho kwakhe. Umvangeli uxela ngokucacileyo kwintshayelelo yeVangeli yakhe ukuba injongo yakhe kukuchaza ibali eliyinyani. Kwakhona, xa uLuka echaza ukunyukela phezulu akukho nto ithi mhle, nto leyo iyothusa ngokwenene ukuba wayengathethi yona ngokoqobo. Kwingxelo yeVangeli usixelela nje ukuba uYesu "wahlukana nabo, wenyuswa wasiwa ezulwini" (Luka 24:52). KwiZenzo, ubhala athi uYesu "waphakanyiswa kwaye ilifu lamsusa kubo" (Izenzo 1: 9). Ingqele kunye neklinikhi, njengombhali-mbali onomdla onomdla kuphela kwiinyani, uLuka usixelela nje ngokwenzekileyo-kwaye kunjalo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iimbali zeendaba ezilungileyo zabhalwa kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka emva kokubethelelwa kukaYesu emnqamlezweni, ngekukho amangqina okuzibonela kukaYesu esaphila ukulungisa okanye ukuphikisa ingxelo kaLuka. Kodwa akukho mkhondo wesichaso esinjalo.
Ewe, iVangeli kaLuka kunye neZenzo zabaPostile (ezi "ziqabane elininzi") ziye zathethelelwa ngabaphengululi bembali yakudala kunye nokumbiwa kwezinto zakudala njengezichanekileyo ngendlela emangalisayo. Umembi wezinto zakudala omkhulu u-Sir William Ramsay wamazi u-Saint Luke njengo "mbali-mbali". Izifundo zamva nje ezichanekileyo ngokwembali kaLuka, ezinjengaleyo yomfundi wakudala uColin Hemer, ziye zaqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwale ndumiso iphakamileyo. Yiyo loo nto xa uLuka echaza ukunyukela kukaYesu ezulwini, sinezizathu ezininzi zokukholelwa ukuba iSt. ULuka wayebalisa ibali eliyinyani, “ebalisa ngezinto ezifezekileyo. . . kanye njengokuba babenikelwe kuthi abo babengamangqina okuzibonela kwasekuqaleni ”(Luka 1: 1).