UOrigen: I-Biography yendoda yentsimbi
U-Origen wayengomnye wooyise becawa yokuqala, enenzondelelo kangangokuba waphathwa gadalala ngenxa yokholo lwakhe, kodwa enempikiswano kangangokuba wabhengezwa njengoyinkohlakalo emva kokubhubha kwakhe ngenxa yeenkolelo zakhe ezithile. Igama lakhe elipheleleyo, uOrigen Adamantius, lithetha "indoda yentsimbi", igama awalifumana kubomi bokubandezeleka.
Nanamhlanje uOrigen uthathwa njengesigebenga sefilosofi yobuKristu. Iprojekthi yakhe yeminyaka engama-28, uHexapla, yayiluhlalutyo olumangalisayo lweTestamente eNdala, ebhalwe ukuphendula ukugxekwa kwamaJuda namaGnostic. Ebizwa emva kweentsika zayo ezintandathu, wathelekisa iTestamente eNdala yesiHebhere, iSeptuagint neenguqulelo ezine zesiGrike, kunye namagqabaza kaOrigen.
Uvelise amakhulukhulu eminye imibhalo, wahamba washumayela kakhulu, kwaye wenza ubomi bokuzincama kukaSpartan, abanye bathi, ukuzifaka ngokwakhe ukuphepha isilingo. Esi senzo sokugqibela sigwetywe ngokunzulu ngabantu bexesha lakhe.
Ukuqaqamba kwezemfundo besebancinci
U-Origen wazalwa malunga ne-185 AD ngase-Alexandria, Egypt. Ngo-202 AD utata wakhe uLeonidas wanqunyulwa intloko njengomfeli-nkolo ongumKristu. U-Origen oselula naye wayefuna ukuba ngumfeli-nkolo, kodwa umama wakhe wamthintela ukuba aphume ngokufihla iimpahla zakhe.
Njengomdala kubantwana abasixhenxe, uOrigen wajongana nengxaki: indlela yokuxhasa usapho. Waqala isikolo segrama kwaye wongeza loo ngeniso ngokukhuphela izicatshulwa kunye nokufundisa abantu abafuna ukuba ngamaKristu.
Xa umntu oguqukileyo osisityebi wanika uOrigen oonobhala, umphengululi oselula waqhubela phambili ngesantya esimangalisayo, egcina oomabhalane abasixhenxe bexakekile bekhuphela ngaxeshanye. Wabhala inkcazo yokuqala ecwangcisiweyo yemfundiso yenkolo yobuKristu, kwi-First Principles, kunye neCelsus (Against Celsus), ukuxolisa kwathathwa njengenye yezona zikhuselo ezinamandla kwimbali yobuKristu.
Kodwa amathala eencwadi kuphela ayenganele uOrigen. Waya kwilizwe elingcwele ukuya kufunda nokushumayela apho. Kuba wayengamiselwanga, wagwetywa nguDemetrius, ubhishophu waseAlexandria. Ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe lwesibini ePalestine, uOrigen wonyuselwa waba ngumfundisi apho, nto leyo eyaphinda yatsala umsindo kaDemetrius, owayecinga ukuba umntu makamiselwe kuphela kwicawa yakhe yemveli. U-Origen uthathe umhlala phantsi wabuyela kwiLizwe eliNgcwele, apho wamkelwa ngubhishophu waseKesareya kwaye wayefuneka kakhulu njengomfundisi-ntsapho.
Ukuthuthunjiswa ngamaRoma
U-Origen wayefumene imbeko kumama womlawuli waseRoma uSeverus Alexander, nangona umlawuli ngokwakhe wayengenguye umKristu. Kwidabi elalichasene nezizwe zaseJamani ngo-235 AD, imikhosi ka-Alexander yamvukela yambulala yena nonina. Umlawuli olandelayo, uMaximin I, waqalisa ukutshutshisa amaKristu, enyanzela uOrigen ukuba abalekele eKapadokiya. Emva kweminyaka emithathu, naye ngokwakhe wagwintwa, wavumela uOrigen ukuba abuyele eKesareya, apho ahlala khona de kwaqala intshutshiso ekrakra.
Ngo-250 AD, umlawuli uDecius wakhupha umthetho kubo bonke ubukumkani owawuyalela zonke izifundo ukuba zenze idini lobuhedeni phambi kwamagosa aseRoma. Xa amaKristu edelela urhulumente, ayesohlwaywa okanye abulawe.
UOrigen wavalelwa entolongweni kwaye wathuthunjiswa ngelizama ukumenza arhoxe kwinkolo yakhe. Imilenze yakhe yayisasazekile esitokisini, wayondlekile kwaye wayesongelwa ngomlilo. U-Origen wakwazi ukuphila de uDecius wabulawa edabini ngo-251 AD, kwaye wakhululwa entolongweni.
Ngelishwa, umonakalo wenziwe. Ubomi bokuqala buka-Origen bokungakwazi ukuzenzela nto kunye nokwenzakala okwenzeka ejele kwabangela ukuba impilo yakhe isihle ngokuthe ngcembe. Wafa ngo-254 AD
UOrigen: iqhawe kunye nomqhekeki
UOrigen waziwa njengomphengululi nomhlalutyi weBhayibhile. Wayengumfundisi wezenkolo owayedibanisa ingcamango yefilosofi kunye nokutyhilwa kweZibhalo.
Xa amaKristu okuqala atshutshiswa kabuhlungu bubukhosi baseRoma, uOrigen watshutshiswa kwaye waphathwa gadalala, emva koko waphathwa gadalala ngenzame yokumenza akhanyele uYesu Kristu, ngaloo ndlela etyhafisa amanye amaKristu. Kunoko, ngenkalipho waxhathisa.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zeengcamango zakhe zaziphikisana neenkolelo zobuKristu. Wayecinga ukuba uZiqu-zintathu luluhlu oluphezulu, kulawulwa nguThixo uYise, emva koko nguNyana, emva koko nguMoya oyiNgcwele. Inkolelo eqhelekileyo yeyokuba abantu abathathu kuThixo omnye bayalingana ngandlela zonke.
Ngapha koko, wafundisa ukuba yonke imiphefumlo yayilingana ekuqaleni kwaye yadalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, ke ngoko bawela esonweni. Baye banikwa imizimba ngokwenqanaba lesono sabo, wathi: iidemon, abantu okanye iingelosi. AmaKristu akholelwa ukuba umphefumlo wenziwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa; abantu bahlukile kwiidemon neengelosi.
Ukuhamba kwakhe okunzulu yayikukufundisa ukuba yonke imiphefumlo ingasindiswa, kubandakanya noSathana. Oku kwabangela ukuba iBhunga laseConstantinople, ngo-AD 553, libhengeze u-Origen njengomqhekeki.
Ababhali-mbali bayalubona uthando lukaOrigen ngoKristu kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe ngaxeshanye kunye nefilosofi yamaGrike. Ngelishwa, umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu Hexapla yatshatyalaliswa. Kwisigwebo sokugqibela, u-Origen, njengawo onke amaKristu, wayengumntu owenza izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga.